Fast Phased Array Calibration by Power-Only Measurements Twice for Each Antenna Element

This paper proposes a novel power-only measurement method for phased array antenna calibration. Besides the total array power, only one phase shift and two power measurements for each array element are required to determine the element complex electric field distortion, one by shifting the element’s phase of π/2 and the other by turning the element under test off. The theory of the proposed calibration method is given, and the closed form formulation of the element amplitude and phase distortions is derived. From the mathematical point of view, it is the minimum required measurements that use two scalar values to determine one complex vector. Numerical simulations and experiments are conducted to validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed calibration method.

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Simultaneous beam steering of multiple signals based on optical wavelength-selective switch

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies ◽

10.1017/s1759078715000707 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (3-4) ◽

pp. 391-398

Author(s):

Giovanni Serafino ◽

Antonio Malacarne ◽

Claudio Porzi ◽

Paolo Ghelfi ◽

Marco Presi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Integrated Circuits ◽

Integrated Circuit ◽

Phase Shifter ◽

Phased Array ◽

Beam Steering ◽

Array Antenna ◽

Ring Resonators ◽

Antenna Element ◽

Phased Array Antenna ◽

Wavelength Selective Switch

A novel, photonics-based scheme for the independent and simultaneous beam steering of multiple radio frequency signals at a wideband phased-array antenna is presented. As a proof of concept, a wavelength-selective switch (WSS) is employed both as a wavelength router to feed multiple antenna elements and as a tunable phase shifter to independently control the phase of each signal at any antenna element. In the experiment, two signals at 12.5 and 37.5 GHz are simultaneously fed to the four output ports of the WSS with independent and tunable phase shifts, emulating the independent steering of two signals in a four-element phased-array antenna. The results confirm the precision and flexibility of the proposed scheme, which can be realized both with bulk components or resorting to photonic integrated circuits, especially for wide-band applications. The architecture for a possible integrated implementation of the proposed solution is presented, employing a structure based on micro-ring resonator. Starting from these results, the feasibility of an integrated version of the presented architecture is also considered. The proposed photonic integrated circuit realizing the beam-forming network might be based on tunable true-time delay, as well as on phase shift through micro-ring resonators, and could be conveniently implemented with CMOS-compatible silicon technology.

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Design of ultra-wide tetra band phased array inverted T-shaped patch antennas using DGS with beam-steering capabilities for 5G applications

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies ◽

10.1017/s1759078719001594 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 419-430

Author(s):

Muhammad Anas ◽

Hifsa Shahid ◽

Abdul Rauf ◽

Abdullah Shahid

Keyword(s):

Phased Array ◽

Beam Steering ◽

High Gain ◽

Ultra Wideband ◽

Main Beam ◽

Antenna Element ◽

Patch Antennas ◽

Defected Ground Structure ◽

Phased Array Antenna ◽

Millimeter Wave Antenna

AbstractA novel 1 × 4 phased array elliptical inverted T-shaped slotted sectored patch antenna with defected ground structure (DGS), resonate at proposed ultra-wide tetra band at 28, 43, 51, and 64 GHz with high gain and beam-steering capabilities is presented. An inverted T-shaped slotted stub is used with the sectored patch to achieve ultra-wideband properties. In order to resonate the antenna at four different bands, DGS of round bracket slot is etched on the ground. The 1 × 4 phased arrays are used at the top edge and bottom edge of mobile PCB with high gain. The simulation results show that the antenna has four ultra-wide bands: 25.8–29.7, 40.6–44.6, 49.2–53.1, and 62.2–74 GHz with a maximum gain of 16.5 dBi at 51 GHz. The phased array antenna is capable to steer its main beam within ±30° at the 26, 28, and 43 GHz, using appropriate phase shifts of each antenna element. The proposed millimeter wave antenna is particularly suitable for cellular infrastructures and can be a candidate for emerging 5G mobile applications. The availability of an additional 11.8 GHz (62.2–74 GHz) of contiguous unlicensed spectrum will allow the launching of new exciting wireless services.

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