scholarly journals Piper sarmentosum Leaves Aqueous Extract Attenuates Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fatimatuzzahra Hashim Fauzy ◽  
Maizura Mohd Zainudin ◽  
Hidayatul Radziah Ismawi ◽  
Taher F. T. Elshami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
No Production ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Endothelin System

Piper sarmentosum is a tropical plant in Southeast Asia known for its traditional use in curing various ailments including hypertension. Previous research works have provided evidence for the herb’s antihypertensive property. However, the exact mechanisms involved are still in question. The present study investigated the effects of Piper sarmentosum leaves aqueous extract (PSAE) treatment on vascular endothelin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Four groups of SHRs were treated for 28 consecutive days, with negative and positive control groups receiving distilled water and 3 mg/kg perindopril, respectively. Another two groups are the treatment groups, which received PSAE and combination of 1.5 mg/kg perindopril and PSAE. Weekly measurements of blood pressure showed that PSAE significantly reduced the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures (P<0.05) of the rats. PSAE also increased mesenteric artery nitric oxide (NO) level (P<0.05) and reduced endothelin-1 (ET-1) level (P<0.05) in the treatment groups. Our results demonstrate that oral administration of PSAE reduced blood pressure in SHRs by reducing the ET-1 level while increasing NO production.

scholarly journals IL-10 treatment decreases blood pressure in male, but not female, spontaneously hypertensive rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. F359-F365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen E. Gillis ◽  
Jacqueline B. Musall ◽  
Babak Baban ◽  
Jennifer C. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
No Production ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chronic Infusion

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that induces nitric oxide (NO) production. IL-10 supplementation has been previously shown to lower blood pressure (BP) in male hypertensive mice, but the effect of exogenous IL-10 in hypertensive female rodents has not been studied. For the present study, we hypothesized that chronic infusion of IL-10 in hypertensive rats would lower BP concomitant with an increase in renal NO synthase (NOS) activity. Male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs; 12 wk old) were randomized to receive IL-10 infusion by subcutaneous minipump (3.5 µg·kg−1·day−1) or serve as sham controls ( n = 4–6 rats per treatment per sex). BP was measured by tail cuff before and after 2 wk of treatment. Renal T cells and IL-10 were measured by flow cytometry, and NOS activity was determined by conversion of radiolabeled arginine to radiolabeled citrulline. Female SHRs had greater IL-10+ renal cells than male SHRs and greater expression of the IL-10 receptor at baseline. BP did not change in female SHRs treated with IL-10, but BP significantly decreased following IL-10 infusion in male SHRs. Contrary to our hypothesis, NOS enzymatic activity decreased with IL-10 treatment in the renal inner medulla and cortex of both sexes. Renal regulatory T cells also decreased in both sexes after IL-10 treatment. In conclusion, despite male SHRs having less IL-10 and IL-10 receptor expression in the kidney compared with female SHRs, exogenous IL-10 selectively decreased BP only in male SHRs. Furthermore, our data suggest that exogenous IL-10-induced decreases in BP in male SHRs are not dependent on upregulating renal NOS activity.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive Effects of Rg3-Enriched Korean Vitamin Ginseng in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1990071
Author(s):  
Harsha Nagar ◽  
Shin Kwang Kang ◽  
Si Wan Choi ◽  
Hee-Jung Song ◽  
Su-Jeong Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
No Production ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg3 ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Enos Phosphorylation

Ginseng is well known to treat various diseases. Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities including cardiovascular protective effects. Vitamins utilized as supplements have minimal interactions with other drugs making them attractive targets for therapeutics. Here, we prepared Rg3-enriched Korean ginseng catalyzed by vitamin (REKVG) and evaluated its ability to improve hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The ginsenoside content in both Korean Red ginseng (KRG) and REKVG were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Male SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) were randomly divided into 6 groups (WKY saline, WKY KRG, WKY REKVG, SHR saline, SHR KRG, and SHR REKVG). KRG and REKVG were orally administered once daily to the rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 6 weeks, and blood pressure was measured in live rats using the tail-cuff method. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used for the in vitro experiment. HPLC chromatograms revealed that the concentration of ginsenoside Rg3 in REKVG was much higher than that in KRG. The administration of REKVG significantly decreased the systolic blood pressure in SHRs at the end of 6 weeks as compared to KRG. Further, REKVG use resulted in a dose-dependent increase in Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and NO production in endothelial cells. In addition, the administration of REKVG significantly increased Akt and eNOS phosphorylation and increased plasma NO levels in SHRs. We conclude that REKVG effectively lowers the blood pressure in rats and therefore could be considered for use in preventing or improving hypertension.

scholarly journals Effects of Valsartan vs Amlodipin on renal function in salt loaded spontaneously hypertensive rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Kalina Gjorgjievska ◽  
Dimce Zafirov ◽  
Maja Jurhar Pavlova ◽  
Svetlana Cekovska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Renal Function Tests

The goal of this study was to compare the effects of valsartan and amlodipin on the systolic blood pressure and parameters specific to the renal function in salt loaded spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 32 male SHR were used at age of 20 weeks and body weight ranging between 265-300 g. From 8 weeks of age tab water was replaced with a solution of NaCl (1%) given ad libitum. Rats were divided into 2 groups: valsartan treated group SHRVAL (n=16) in which valsartan was given at a dose of 10 mg/kg b. w. and amlodipine treated group SHRAMLO (n=16) in which amlodipine was given at a dose of 5 mg/kg b. w. For a period of 12 weeks we have evaluated the effect of the investigated drugs on systolic blood pressure, body weight and renal function tests. In salt loaded rats amlodipine was more effective in reducing the systolic blood pressure in contrast to valsartan who had more pronounced effect on renal parameters most evident in proteinuria. Since both treatment groups have different mechanism of action a combination therapy may be beneficial in improving renal function in SHR rats.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive Activity of Eucommia Ulmoides Oliv: Male Flower Extract in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Jiang Ding ◽  
Chao Liang ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Xin Yao ◽  
Ruo-Han Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Eucommia Ulmoides ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Male Flowers

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is a traditional medical plant in Asia; however, it is still unknown whether Eucommia male flowers have an antihypertensive activity. In this study, we found that the aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. male flowers can lower the blood pressure of SHR in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies suggested that the aqueous extract of male flowers can promote the mRNA and protein expressions of ACE2 in the kidney of SHR. ELISA assay showed that the plasma levels of ANG II was decreased, while ANG-(1–7) was increased in SHR treated with the aqueous extract of male flowers. ACE2 inhibitor DX600 can reverse the aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. male flower-induced downregulation of Ang II and upregulation of Ang-(1–7), as well as the reduction of blood pressure in SHR. Moreover, Ang-(1–7)-Mas receptor antagonist A-779 abolished the antihypertensive effects of the aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. male flower in SHR. The aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. male flowers exhibited an antihypertensive action through the activation of ACE2-Ang-(1–7)-Mas signaling pathways in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

scholarly journals Serum Metabonomic Research of the Anti-Hypertensive Effects of Ogaja on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Dahye Yoon ◽  
Bo-Ram Choi ◽  
Young-Seob Lee ◽  
Kyung-Sook Han ◽  
Donghwi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Acanthopanax Sessiliflorus

Our previous studies have shown that Ogaja Acanthopanax sessiliflorus has an important role in decreasing blood pressure, but its biochemical change characteristic has not been clarified completely at the metabolic level. Therefore, in this study, a combination method of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabonomics and multivariate statistical analyses was employed to explore the metabolic changes of serum samples from spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with Ogaja extracts. In the results of multivariate statistical analysis, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) groups treated with Ogaja were separated from the SHR group. The group of SHR treated with 200 mg/kg Ogaja was clustered with the positive control (captopril) group, and the 400 and 600 mg/kg Ogaja treatment SHR groups were clustered together. Quantified metabolites were statistically analyzed to find the metabolites showing the effects of Ogaja. Succinate and betaine had variable importance in projection (VIP) scores over 2.0. Succinate, which is related to renin release, and betaine, which is related to lowering blood pressure, increased dose-dependently.

scholarly journals The Antihypertensive Effect of Quercetin in Young Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats; Role of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6554
Author(s):  
Fawzy Elbarbry ◽  
Khaled Abdelkawy ◽  
Nicholas Moshirian ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Megied
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Pressure Lowering

Hypertension affects almost 50% of the adult American population. Metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) in the kidney play an important role in blood pressure regulation. The present study investigates the blood pressure-lowering potential of quercetin (QR), a naturally occurring polyphenol, and examines its correlation to the modulation of AA metabolism. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into four groups. Treatment groups were administered QR in drinking water at concentrations of 10, 30, and 60 mg/L. Blood pressure was monitored at seven-day intervals. After a total of seven weeks of treatment, rats were killed and kidney tissues were collected to examine the activity of the two major enzymes involved in AA metabolism in the kidney, namely cytochrome P450 (CYP)4A and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Medium- and high-dose QR resisted the rise in blood pressure observed in the untreated SHR and significantly inhibited the activity of the CYP4A enzyme in renal cortical microsomes. The activity of the sEH enzyme in renal cortical cytosols was significantly inhibited only by the high QR dose. Our data not only demonstrate the antihypertensive effect of QR, but also provide a novel mechanism for its underlying cardioprotective properties.

Effects of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Viscera Hydrolyzate on Blood Pressure, TNF-α and IL-6 Expression in Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Induced by DOCA-Salt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putut Har Riyadi ◽  
Wendy Alexander Tanod ◽  
Dwi Titik Sulistiyati ◽  
Aulanni’am Aulanni’am ◽  
Eddy Suprayitno
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
The World

Background: Hypertension is a disease that has the potential to become the most significant cause of death in the world in 2020. Hypertension caused by an imbalance of the renin angiotensinogen system. Viscera hydrolyzate extract has an anti-hypertension activity. The research aimed to determine tilapia viscera hydrolyzate extract’s ability to reduce blood pressure, suppressing the expression of TNF-α and IL-6. Viscera hydrolyzed with alcalase and extracted to obtain viscera bioactive crude extract (VisBC).Methods: Spontaneously hypertensive rats induced by DOCA-salt, gave VisBC therapy. 15 Wistar rats divided into 5 treatment groups, namely normal control (without induced DOCA-salt), positive control (SHR-Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat = induced by DOCA-salt), comparative control (SHR + Captopril 5 mg/kg), VisBC 1 (SHR + BC 150 mg/kg) and VisBC 2 (SHR + BC 300 mg/kg), where each treatment consisted of 3 replications. Each treatment measured for blood pressure, TNF-α and IL-6 expression. The data represented as mean ± SD and analyzed by ANOVA (p less than 0.05) in any difference, a subsequent Duncan test. Data analyzed by SPSS 20.0 for Windows 10.Result: The results showed the treatment of VisBC could reduce systole (19.64%) and diastole (29.15%) blood pressure. Also, VisBC inhibited the expression of TNF-α (8.08%) and IL-6 (8.39%). The VisBC of tilapia with a dose of 150 mg/kg could inhibit the expression of TNF-α and IL-6, thereby affected the decrease in blood pressure (systole and diastole) in rats induced by DOCA-salt. This research proved that fish waste could produce bioactive as anti-hypertension.

scholarly journals Effect of blood pressure on L-NAME-sensitive component of vasorelaxation in adult rats

2007 ◽  
pp. S77-S84
Author(s):  
A Púzserová ◽  
Z Csizmadiová ◽  
I Bernátová
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
No Production ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

The aim of this study was to investigate nitric oxide (NO) production and L-NAME-sensitive component of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in adult normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), borderline hypertensive rats (BHR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Blood pressure (BP) of WKY, BHR and SHR (determined by tail-cuff) was 111+/-3, 140+/-4 and 184+/-6 mm Hg, respectively. NO synthase activity (determined by conversion of [(3)H]-L-arginine) was significantly higher in the aorta of BHR and SHR vs. WKY and in the left ventricle of SHR vs. both BHR and WKY. L-NAME-sensitive component of endothelium-dependent relaxation was investigated in the preconstricted femoral arteries using the wire myograph during isometric conditions as a difference between acetylcholine-induced relaxation before and after acute N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester pre-treatment (L-NAME, 10(-5) mol/l). Acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation of SHR was significantly greater than that in WKY. L-NAME-sensitive component of vasorelaxation in WKY, BHR and SHR was 20+/-3 %, 29+/-4 % (p<0.05 vs. WKY) and 37+/-3 % (p<0.05 vs. BHR), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between BP and L-NAME-sensitive component of relaxation of the femoral artery. In conclusion, results suggest the absence of endothelial dysfunction in the femoral artery of adult borderline and spontaneously hypertensive rats and gradual elevation of L-NAME-sensitive component of vasorelaxation with increasing blood pressure.

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