scholarly journals Intelligent Process of Spectrum Handoff/Mobility in Cognitive Radio Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Semba Yawada ◽  
Mai Trung Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Spectral Band ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Spectrum Handoff

Cognitive radio is an innovative technology in the field of wireless communication systems, aimed at significantly improving the use of the radio spectrum while allowing secondary users to access the spectral band opportunistically. Spectrum management mechanism ensures the transmission of data by controlling the efficiency of operation between the primary and secondary networks. The main task of spectrum management is to ensure that secondary users benefit from the spectrum without interfering with primary users. This paper deals with some of the important characteristics of spectrum mobility in the cognitive radio networks. The new management approaches of the mobility and the connection are designed to reduce the latency and loss of information during spectrum handoff, a list of channel safeguard is maintained in this effect, but the maintenance and update are a challenge. In this paper, we describe the reasons and mechanisms of spectrum handoff. Protocols have been developed to illustrate this handoff mechanism. We also make a comparison between the different methods of spectrum handoff. The simulation results obtained confirm that the protocols developed and the proposed method performed better than the pure reactive handoff method.

scholarly journals Primary User Traffic Pattern Based Opportunistic Spectrum Handoff in Cognitive Radio Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleem Arshid ◽  
Iftikhar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Khawar Bashir ◽  
Shahid Naseem ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Service Time ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary User ◽  
Traffic Pattern ◽  
Spectrum Handoff ◽  
Cognitive Radio User

Through the expeditious expansion of the wireless network, the unlicensed bandwidth-based devices are growing substantially as compared to the present vacant bandwidth. Cognitive radio networks present a proficient solution to the spectrum shortage diminution hitch by allowing the usage of the vacant part of the spectrum that is not currently in use of the Primary User licensed bandwidth to the secondary user or cognitive radio user. Spectrum management procedure in cognitive radio network comprises of spectrum sharing, sensing and handoff. Spectrum handoff plays a vital role in spectrum management and primarily focuses on single handoff strategies. This paper presents a primary user traffic pattern-based opportunistic spectrum handoff (PUTPOSH) approach to use in the cognitive radio networks. PUTPOSH permits a secondary user to sense the arrival of a primary user and use an opportunistic handoff scheme. The opportunistic handoff scheme firstly detects the arrival of the primary users by energy detection sensing and secondly, it allows a cognitive radio user to decide whether to do handoff or not contingent upon the overall service time to reduce the unused handoffs. The handoffs can either be reactive or proactive based on the arrival rate of the primary user. The simulation results show that the presented PUTPOSH approach (a) minimizes the number of handoffs and the overall service time, and (b) maintains the channel utilization and throughput of the system at a maximal point.

TRUST-BASED SPECTRUM SHARING FOR COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAZIA PARVIN ◽  
FAROOKH KHADEER HUSSAIN ◽  
SONG HAN ◽  
OMAR KHADEER HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Spectrum Sharing ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Free Spectrum

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) is a promising technology which deals with shared spectrum access and usage in order to improve the utilization of limited radio spectrum resources for future wireless communications and mobile computing. Security becomes a very challenging issue in CRNs as different types of attacks are very common to cognitive radio technology compared to general wireless networks. The proper working of cognitive radio and the functionality of CRNs relies on the compliant behaviour of the secondary user. In order to address this issue, we propose two approaches in this paper. Firstly, we propose a trust aware model to authenticate the secondary users of CRNs which offers a reliable technique to provide a security-conscious decision by using trust evaluation for CRNs. Secondly, we propose an analytical model for analyzing the availability of spectrum in CRNs using a stochastic approach. We have modeled and analyzed the availability of free spectrum for the usage of secondary users by adopting different activities in a spectrum management scheme to improve the spectrum availability in CRNs.

scholarly journals Spectrum Handoff in Cognitive Radio Networks: A Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisar Lala ◽  
Altaf Balkhi ◽  
G M Mir
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Primary User ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Spectrum Handoff ◽  
Suitable Target ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Minimum Performance

Cognitive radio (CR) is a promising solution to improve the spectrum utilization by enabling unlicensed users to exploit the spectrum in an opportunistic manner. Spectrum handoff is a different type of handoff in CR necessitated by the reappearance of primary user (PU) in the licensed band presently occupied by the secondary users (SUs). Spectrum handoff procedures aim to help the SUs to vacate the occupied licensed spectrum and find suitable target channel to resume the unfinished transmission. The purpose of spectrum mobility management in cognitive radio networks is to make sure that the transitions are made smoothly and rapidly such that the applications running on a cognitive user perceive minimum performance degradation during a spectrum handoff. In this paper, we will survey the literature on spectrum handoff in cognitive radio networks.

Traffic-Adaptive Proactive Spectrum Handoff Strategy for Graded Secondary Users in Cognitive Radio Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Tiecheng Song ◽  
Ming Wu ◽  
Xu Bao ◽  
Jie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Spectrum Handoff

Spectrum Handoff Mechanism in the Framework of Mobility Management in Cognitive Radio Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semba Yawada ◽  
Mesmin J Mbyamm Kiki ◽  
Mai Trung Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Spectrum Handoff ◽  
Opportunistic Access ◽  
Spectrum Mobility

Cognitive radio appears as an innovative technology in the field of access to wireless systems, aimed at significantly improving the use of the radio spectrum by allowing an opportunistic access manner. This article deals with some of the important characteristics of the spectrum mobility in cognitive radio networks (CRNs).The new management approach to the mobility and the connection are designed to reduce the latency and loss of information during spectrum handoff. A list of channel safeguards are maintained in this effect, but the maintenance and updates are a challenge. In this article, the authors describe the reasons and mechanisms for spectrum handoff. Algorithms have been developed to illustrate this handoff mechanism and make the comparison between the different methods of spectrum handoff. The simulation results obtained confirm that the proposed method and the algorithms developed presents a better performance.

scholarly journals Spectrum Handoff Based on DQN Predictive Decision for Hybrid Cognitive Radio Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1146
Author(s):  
Kaitian Cao ◽  
Ping Qian
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Closed Form Expression ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Spectrum Handoff

Spectrum handoff is one of the key techniques in a cognitive radio system. In order to improve the agility and the reliability of spectrum handoffs as well as the system throughput in hybrid cognitive radio networks (HCRNs) combing interweave mode with underlay mode, a predictive (or proactive) spectrum handoff scheme based on a deep Q-network (DQN) for HCRNs is proposed in this paper. In the proposed spectrum handoff approach, spectrum handoff success rate is introduced into an optimal spectrum resource allocation model to ensure the reliability of spectrum handoff, and the closed-form expression for the spectrum handoff success rate is obtained based on the Poisson distribution. Furthermore, we exploit the transfer learning strategy to further improve the DQN learning process and finally achieve a priority sequence of target available channels for spectrum handoffs, which can maximize the overall HCRNs throughput while satisfying constraints on secondary users’ interference with primary user, limits on the spectrum handoff success rate, and the secondary users’ performance requirements. Simulation results show that the proposed spectrum handoff scheme outperforms the state-of-the-art spectrum handoff algorithms based on predictive decision in terms of the convergence rate, the handoff success rate and the system throughput.

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