scholarly journals Dynamics of the O. felineus Infestation Intensity and Egg Production in Carcinogenesis and Partial Hepatectomy in the Setting of Superinvasive Opisthorchiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vitaly G. Bychkov ◽  
Ludmila F. Kalyonova ◽  
Elena D. Khadieva ◽  
Semen D. Lazarev ◽  
Ilgiz R. Lukmanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Infestation Intensity ◽  
Intensity Of Invasion

Clinical and experimental studies have shown that opisthorchii tend to evade tumour growth foci to colonize more distant areas of the liver. When modelling tumours with various carcinogens in the setting of superinvasive opisthorchiasis, the intensity of invasion is reduced both before the formation of neoplasms (>120 days) and after the development of tumours of various histogeneses (liver, pancreas, and stomach) (>240 days). Egg production was observed to increase with the decrease in the number of parasites in the liver. The smallest changes in the infestation intensity indicators and egg production were observed in the experimental stomach tumours (p>0.05). A partial hepatectomy in the setting of opisthorchiasis did not affect the number of parasites in the ecological niche (liver) or the production of eggs by the helminth. With the deterioration of the vegetation state, parasite clumps of opisthorchii increase egg production under the conditions of distress.

THE OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF SALMONELLA TYPES IN FOWL: II. STUDIES OF ARTIFICIAL S. BAREILLY AND S. ORANIENBURG INFECTIONS IN HENS

1947 ◽  
Vol 25f (6) ◽  
pp. 316-325
Author(s):  
F. E. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Similar Nature ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Oral Inoculation

Experimental studies carried out on a limited number of hens infected orally with S. bareilly indicated that occasionally such hens may lay contaminated eggs. Using the estimated numbers of S. bareilly in the feces as the criterion of infection, considerable variation in susceptibility was evident, the carrier period ranging from 5 to 40 days. The organisms were recovered from the intestinal tract and in one instance from the spleen. The apparent development of resistance to repeated oral inoculation was demonstrated. Experiments of a similar nature were made with hens infected orally with S. oranienburg. No contaminated eggs were found, though in this case low egg production resulting from some of the hens moulting reduces the significance of this finding. Fecal counts were lower than those obtained from the S. bareilly infected hens. S. bonariensis was isolated from the feces of two hens during this experiment.

scholarly journals Poultry welfare in terms of poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) impact and control

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Аleksandar Pavlicevic ◽  
Ivan Pavlovic ◽  
Radomir Ratajac ◽  
Danica Popovic ◽  
Branislav Davidovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Infestation Intensity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Economic Damages

Technological solutions and environmental conditions have a significant impact on infestation intensity and the problems around D. gallinae control. Changes in keeping laying hens in EU, in terms of D. gallinae influence, have not led to the welfare of the layers. On the contrary, they have contributed to the spreading of disease, have worsened conditions for control and accentuated harmful consequences. Apart from the poultry, these changes have also had a negative impact on the welfare of humans, through a toxicological and zootonic risk, and economic damages. Conventional cages so far provide the most appropriate environment for D. gallinae control. Opportunities for improving, even solving the problem of D. gallinae control in egg production do exist, however they require a changing the entire approach hitherto.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a novel topical combination of esafoxolaner, eprinomectin and praziquantel against adult cat flea Ctenocephalides felis and flea egg production in cats

Parasite ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tielemans ◽  
Prescillia Buellet ◽  
David Young ◽  
Alta Viljoen ◽  
Julian Liebenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ctenocephalides Felis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cat Flea ◽  
Larval Hatching ◽  
Adult Cat

Esafoxolaner, a purified enantiomer of afoxolaner with insecticidal and acaricidal properties, is combined with eprinomectin and praziquantel in NexGard® Combo, a novel topical endectoparasiticide formulation for cats. The efficacy of this novel formulation against adult and immature stages of Ctenocephalides felis fleas was tested in four experimental studies. Two studies were designed to test adulticide efficacy, one to test inhibition of immature stages, and one to test both adulticide efficacy and inhibition of immature stages. In each study, cats were randomly allocated to a placebo control group or to a novel formulation group treated once at the minimum recommended dose. Cats were experimentally infested weekly for one to two months with unfed C. felis originating from North America or Europe. For adulticide efficacy evaluations, live fleas were counted 24 h after treatment and after subsequent weekly infestations. For immature stages, flea eggs were collected and counted weekly for evaluation of egg production inhibition and incubated for larval hatching evaluation. In the three studies testing adult fleas, curative efficacies, 24 h after treatment, were 92.1%, 98.3% and 99.7%; preventive weekly efficacies, 24 h after weekly infestations, remained higher than 95.5% for at least one month. In the two studies testing immature stages, egg production and larval hatching was significantly reduced for at least one month. These studies provide robust evidence of efficacy of the novel formulation against experimental adult flea infestations and for the prevention of environmental contamination by immature flea stages, for at least one month.

scholarly journals Share, but unequally: a plausible mechanism for emergence and maintenance of intratumour heterogeneity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (150) ◽  
pp. 20180820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
D. Thirumalai
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Intratumour Heterogeneity ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

Intratumour heterogeneity (ITH), referring to the coexistence of different cell subpopulations in a single tumour, has been a major puzzle in cancer research for almost half a century. The lack of understanding of the underlying mechanism of ITH hinders progress in developing effective therapies for cancers. Based on the findings in a recent quantitative experiment on pancreatic cancer, we developed a general evolutionary model for one type of cancer, accounting for interactions between different cell populations through paracrine or juxtacrine factors. We show that the emergence of a stable heterogeneous state in a tumour requires an unequal allocation of paracrine growth factors (public goods) between cells that produce them and those that merely consume them. Our model provides a quantitative explanation of recent in vitro experimental studies in pancreatic cancer in which insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) plays the role of public goods. The calculated phase diagrams as a function of exogenous resources and fraction of growth factor producing cells show ITH persists only in a narrow range of concentration of exogenous IGF-II. Remarkably, maintenance of ITH requires cooperation among tumour cell subpopulations in harsh conditions, specified by lack of exogenous IGF-II, whereas surplus exogenous IGF-II elicits competition. Our theory also quantitatively accounts for measured in vivo tumour growth in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The predictions for GBM tumour growth as a function of the fraction of tumour cells are amenable to experimental tests. The mechanism for ITH also provides hints for devising efficacious therapies.

scholarly journals Продуктивність та забійні якості перепелів при використанні різних джерел метоніну в раціонах

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
M. Sychov ◽  
A. Chsherbina
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
National University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

<p>The authors have investigated the effect of different sources of metonin in the diets of quails on their productivity and carcass quality. Experimental studies were carried out with Pharaoh quails in Problematic Research Laboratory of Feed Additives in the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The experiment was carried out by method of groups-analogues. Compound feed were fed in dry crumbled form; young birds were fed in a group. The daily amount of compound feed was divided in two parts – morning and evening rations with different sources of metonin (<em>DL-</em> metonin<em>,</em> <em>L-</em>metonin <em>and МНА)</em>).</p><p>We have found that compound feed with the <em>L-</em>metonin contributes to live body weight increase by 5.3% or 13 g, average daily growth by 5.9 % or 0.37 g, reduces feed conversion by 2.1%, increases the mass of not gutted carcass, semi gutted carcass and gutted carcass of 12.5 (6.2%), 12.5 (6.2%), and 10.5 g (6.4%); increases the mass of pectoral muscles and muscles of the pelvic limbs by 7.37 and 6.49 g (18.2% and 24.5%) and mass of liver by 0.94 g. Use of diets with<em> </em>MНA and DL-methionine did not significantly effect the productivity and carcass quality, whereas entry to the diet of MNA increased feed conversion by 5.4%. During the study period the safety of livestock which was fed with different sources of metonin ranged from 93 to 96%.</p><p>We believed the further research are needed to examine the impact of different sources of metonin on the egg production of egg-laying quails, morphological and chemical composition of eggs and their hatching quality.</p>

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