scholarly journals Analysis of Combining Ability for Early Maturity and Yield in Rice (Genus: Oryza) at the Kenyan Coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Al-Imran Dianga ◽  
Kamau W. Joseph ◽  
Ruth N. Musila
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Kenyan Coast ◽  
Genus Oryza

The main challenges facing rain-fed rice farming in Kilifi County at the Kenyan coast are inadequate and erratic rainfall, inadequate skills, and poorly developed infrastructure. Of great importance is erratic rainfall that tends to depress towards the end of long rain season, leading to crop failure. Combining ability analysis is one of the most valuable tools used to ascertain gene action effects and help in selecting desirable parents for making crosses and coming up with high yielding and early maturing lines. Combining ability for early maturity and yield has not been studied at the Kenyan coast. This study aimed at determining and identifying good, general, and specific combiners for selecting better parents and better cross combinations in rice crops for developing high yield and short duration lines in rain-fed rice farming. Seven lines were subjected to half-diallel mating design at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Mtwapa, and at Bahari in Kilifi town. Evaluation for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) analysis was done. Combining ability variance and GCA and SCA effects were determined. Based on GCA effects, best parent for early maturity was Dourado Precoce, while for yield, Supaa, Komboka, and NERICA 10. SCA estimates indicated that best crosses for yield were D/S, D/N1, and K/N10, while the best performing cross for early maturity was D/N1.

scholarly journals Heterosis and Combining Ability Analysis of Fruit Yield, Early Maturity, and Quality in Tomato

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Zengbing Liu ◽  
Jingbin Jiang ◽  
Ai Ren ◽  
Xiangyang Xu ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis

Heterosis and combining ability are two important considerations in the utilization of heterosis, which can be used to generate excellent hybrid resource candidates and is very important in conventional hybrid breeding. In this study, the combining ability, heritability, and heterosis of eight major agronomic traits were analyzed in 10 tomato parents and 45 crosses between them. As well as TY-301, a recognized and official excellent variety that is currently selling well on the market was used as a control to conduct a control heterosis analysis, with the goal of selecting ideal parents with high combining ability and new hybrids with commodity value, high yield, early maturity, and high quality. The results showed that both additive and nonadditive genetic effects are involved in the expression of the traits and that the additive genetic effect is dominant in trait inheritance. Although general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were not correlated, and the strength of heterosis depends on SCA, the sum of the parental GCA values (GCAsum) did predict heterosis for some traits with higher predictive accuracy than did SCA. Compared with heterosis, GCAsum can better predict hybrid performance. Finally, the parent 17,969 was the breeding material with the best comprehensive trait performance, especially in yield. We screened a high-yielding candidate combination 17,927 × 17,969 and a precocious and good taste candidate combination 17,666 × 17,927. This information may play an important role in the selection of superior parents and hybrid combinations based on combining ability and heterosis analysis.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Yield and Its Components in Cacao

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geok Yong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Female Male Female ◽  
Bean Weight

Six Trinitario females of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) were crossed with nine Amazonian males in a factorial crossing design. The 54 hybrid progenies were used to estimate genetic variability due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for yield, pod production, pod weight, husk content, number of beans per pod, average bean weight, and pod value. The results demonstrated that GCA differed significantly for all characteristics from all three sources (Le., female + male, female, and male). SCA (female × male) was also significantly different for all characteristics. The ratio of GCA to SCA ranged from 7.1 for number of beans per pod to 25.7 for pod weight. This result suggested that a major portion of the genetic variability was additive in nature for these characteristics. Among the six Trinitarios, KA2-106 was the best female parent; it contributed high yield and all the desirable pod and bean characteristics into the hybrid progenies. Trinitario KA2-101 combined high pod production and yield, but tended to transmit below-average pod and bean characteristics to its progenies. Amazonians KEE6 and KEE12 were the two highest-yielding male parents, but had below-average bean number per pod and average bean weight. KEE42 and KEE43 combined high yield and transmitted good pod and bean characteristics to their progenies. Based on the GCA effects and the mean performance of the hybrid progenies, a multi-line cultivar consisting of 20 high-yielding crosses with good pod and bean characteristics is being produced in seed gardens for commercial planting.

scholarly journals Combining Ability And Heterosis In Snakegourd (Tricosanthes Cucurminata L)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
R Podder ◽  
MG Rasul ◽  
AKMA Islam ◽  
Mak Mian ◽  
JU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Fruit Diameter

A half diallel set of five parents and their 10 F1’s were studied to determine the combining ability and magnitude of heterosis for eight important characters in snakegourd at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during April to July, 2004. Combining ability analysis revealed that both general and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the characters except fruit diameter and fruit yield per plant. Predominance of additive gene action was noted for all the characters except days to first female flower where non-additive gene action was predominant. Parent P1 was the best general combiner for fruit yield and some yield contributing characters. Among the crosses P2  X P3, P1  X P2 and P1  X P4 were the best specific combiner for fruit yield and some of yield contributing characters. Both positive and negative heterosis was obtained of which few hybrids showed desirable and significant values. P2  X P5 showed the highest significant mid parental heterotic value for earliness and high yield whereas, P1  X P2, P2  X P3, P2  X P5 and P3  X P4 showed the highest significant better parent heterotic effect for earliness and high yield. Key words: Snakegourd (Trichosanthes cucurminata L.); combining ability; heterosis; fruit yieldDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9318 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 1-6, 2010

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis in 10 Strawberry Genotypes Used in Breeding Cultivars for Tolerance to Verticillium Wilt

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Masny ◽  
Edward Żurawicz ◽  
Kris Pruski ◽  
Wiesław Mądry
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Genetic Transmission ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Strawberry Breeding ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Made In

General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects of 10 strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) cultivars (Darselect, Selvik, Elianny, Figaro, Sonata, Susy, Salsa, Albion, Charlotte, and Filon) for severity of verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae) were estimated. Progeny consisting of 45 F1 full-sib families from the crosses made in a half diallel mating design according to the IV Griffing’s method was evaluated in two field experiments conducted in 2009 and 2010 on a soil heavily infested with V. dahliae inoculum. Each hybrid family was represented by 60 seedlings (four replicates of 15 plants each). The analysis of variance revealed significant (P < 0.01) GCA and SCA effects of the parental cultivars for the verticillium wilt severity in plants. This suggests that genetic additive and non-additive effects are involved in the inheritance of strawberry tolerance to verticillium wilt. In 2009, a significant negative GCA effect (P < 0.05) for the verticillium wilt severity in plants was found in ‘Selvik’, ‘Filon’, and ‘Sonata’, indicating genetic transmission of tolerance from parents to the offspring. On the other hand, a significant (P < 0.05) and positive for the verticillium wilt severity GCA effect was found for ‘Figaro’ in 2009, indicating the transmission from this parent to its offspring relatively high susceptibility to the wilt. Only in one hybrid family, ‘Albion’ × ‘Charlotte’, was the SCA effect significantly positive (P < 0.05) for verticillium wilt severity in plants, whereas two other hybrid families—‘Selvik’ × ‘Salsa’ and ‘Sonata’ × ‘Albion’—showed significantly negative SCA effects (P < 0.05). Three of 10 evaluated genotypes (i.e., ‘Selvik’, ‘Filon’, and ‘Sonata’) were found to be the most valuable parents to the strawberry breeding program for tolerance to verticillium wilt. The least suitable cultivar for this purpose was ‘Figaro’.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR DIFFERENT YIELD COMPONENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) INBRED LINES

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
F. M. A. Haydar ◽  
N. K. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Half Diallel

The  present  study  was  carried  out  to  determine  the  combining  ability  of  yield and yield components by crossing six diverse maize  inbred lines in a half diallel mating design. Fifteen F1 progenies along with their six parents were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. GCA to SCA ratios were less than one for plant height, cob diameter, cob length and number of kernels row/cob indicating a preponderance of additive over non additive gene action. The crosses P1×P2, P3×P5 and P5×P6 were exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for yield and cob diameter, number of row/cob and number of grains/cob of yield contributing characters. The parents P1 (IL4), P3 (IL18)and P5 (IL23 were good general combiner for grain yield and yield attributing characters. It can be concluded that these parental lines can be desirable parents for hybrids as well as for inclusion in breeding program, since they may contribute favorable alleles in the synthesis of new varieties.

scholarly journals Combining yield, earliness and plant height in a single genotype: a proposal for breeding in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Larissa Pereira Ribeiro ◽  
Flávio Dessaune Tardin ◽  
Cícero Beserra de Menezes ◽  
Aisy Botega Baldoni ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Teodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Favorable Alleles ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
The Cross

Grain sorghum production has expanded during the off-season when rainfall oscillates and becomes insufficient. Aiming to obtain better adapted cultivars, breeding programs have sought new combinations of hybrids with earliness, high grain yield, and ideal plant height for harvesting. This study aimed to estimate de combining ability of grain sorghum lines, proposing a breeding strategy, to identify hybrids gathering high yield, earliness, and desired plant height. Thirty-six hybrids from crosses of 12 lines were evaluated at two sites in the Brazilian region known as Cerrado biome. The evaluated traits were: days to flowering, plant height, and grain yield. For the diallel analysis, Method 4 of Griffing adapted to partial diallel was adopted. By combining ability analysis, we identified promising lines to be used as parents to obtain more yielding, early, and ideal height hybrids. The findings allowed us to propose a breeding strategy, in which complex crosses should be performed to gather favorable alleles in new restorer and male-sterile lines. The hybrids 7, 9, 19, and 22 are the most suitable for growing in the evaluated sites. Highlights: Combining ability analysis allows the identification of promising parents to be used in grain sorghum breeding program. Favorable alleles for each trait are contained in different parents, which makes gene pyramiding a necessary strategy to simultaneously gathering earliness, plant height suitable for harvesting, and high yield in a single hybrid. To improve the R lines, the cross between M2 (good donor for shorter height) x M5 (good donor for earliness) should be performed, and the hybrid resulting from M2xM5 can be crossed with the M4 line (good donor for high grain yield). The hybrid generated by the cross F1-B x F4-B (high earliness) should be crossed with the hybrid derived from F6-B x F5-B (shorter height), and the hybrid resulting should be crossed with the hybrid generated by F2-B x F3-B (high grain yield).

Determining genetic combining ability, heterotic potential and gene action for yield contributing traits and Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (YVMV) resistance in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Monech.]

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Anjan Das ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Harshawardhan Choudhary ◽  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
Yogesh P. Khade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis

Abstract Breeding for resistance to biotic stress and higher yield is a continuous process. Thus, the identification of desirable parents with good combining ability and nature of gene action for the target trait is of utmost importance. Hence, in this present investigation, 10 lines and three testers of Okra were crossed in line × tester mating design to generate 30 testcross progenies and their evaluation along with parents and check in a randomized complete block design with three replications. To depict the true picture of genetic variation among the parental genotypes, molecular diversity analysis was also carried out using genomic-simple sequence repeats before crossing to ascertain that sufficient variability is present among the parents. The molecular analysis grouped the parental genotypes into four clusters (I–IV). The analysis of variance revealed that all the treatments were significant for most of the traits. The combining ability analysis suggested Pusa A-4 as the best general combiner for earliness, Pusa Bhindi-5 for high yield, and DOV-92 for fruit length, plant height, yield per plant, and coefficient of infection for Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus Disease resistance. Similarly, the specific combining ability analysis suggested that the cross combinations DOV-92 × Pusa Bhindi-5 followed by DOV-92 × Pusa A-4 and DOV-92 × Pusa Sawani exhibit high economic heterosis for yield per plant as well as for disease resistance. Finally, estimation of the degree of dominance and predictability ratio was also worked out which indicated the prevalence of non-additive gene action for most of the traits pointing towards sufficient scope for heterosis breeding in Okra.

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