scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Yield and Its Components in Cacao

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geok Yong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Female Male Female ◽  
Bean Weight

Six Trinitario females of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) were crossed with nine Amazonian males in a factorial crossing design. The 54 hybrid progenies were used to estimate genetic variability due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for yield, pod production, pod weight, husk content, number of beans per pod, average bean weight, and pod value. The results demonstrated that GCA differed significantly for all characteristics from all three sources (Le., female + male, female, and male). SCA (female × male) was also significantly different for all characteristics. The ratio of GCA to SCA ranged from 7.1 for number of beans per pod to 25.7 for pod weight. This result suggested that a major portion of the genetic variability was additive in nature for these characteristics. Among the six Trinitarios, KA2-106 was the best female parent; it contributed high yield and all the desirable pod and bean characteristics into the hybrid progenies. Trinitario KA2-101 combined high pod production and yield, but tended to transmit below-average pod and bean characteristics to its progenies. Amazonians KEE6 and KEE12 were the two highest-yielding male parents, but had below-average bean number per pod and average bean weight. KEE42 and KEE43 combined high yield and transmitted good pod and bean characteristics to their progenies. Based on the GCA effects and the mean performance of the hybrid progenies, a multi-line cultivar consisting of 20 high-yielding crosses with good pod and bean characteristics is being produced in seed gardens for commercial planting.

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

scholarly journals Association between Griffing's diallel and the adaptability and stability of Eberhart and Russel

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleso Antônio Patto Pacheco ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Manoel Xavier dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
F1 Cross

The objective of the present work was to provide a methodology to study the inheritance of adaptability and stability through the breakdown of Eberhart and Russell regression coefficients and regression deviations in effects due to the mean and additive genetic effects (gi's and gj's) as well as dominance effects (sij's) of Griffing´s methodology, when the diallel is conducted in several environments. It was concluded that the adaptability and stability parameters are determined in the same manner as are genetic effects. So an F1 cross inherits half the general combining ability (GCA) mean effect from each parent, while the effects due to specific combining ability (SCA) are subjected to the same considerations relative to sij's, i.e., they are dependent on specific combinations.

scholarly journals Using scab resistant donors in apple breeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 600-603
Author(s):  
B. Gelvonauskis ◽  
D. Gelvonauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Selection Of

Apple cultivars were crossed according to the half-diallel and topcross mating design. Apple scab resistance of seedlings was estimated by using a 0–5 scale: 0 – no infection on leaves, 5 – more than 75% of leaf area infected. Percentage of scab resistant seedlings in crosses involving cultivars Prima varied from 35.8% to 67.6%, involving cultivars Florina and Arbat – 51.9–59.5% and 53.5–72.5%, respectively. Significant differences for resistance to scab were found among the crosses. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant. The significance of GCA for scab resistance shows that genetic variability exists for this trait and selection should result in genetic progress, because the mean square for GCA was larger than that calculated for SCA. Therefore, selection of parents on its phenotype should be effective for development of resistant apple cultivars. The significant SCA estimates indicate that a large number of resistant seedlings from particular crosses should be selected.

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS IN THE CULTIVATED STRAWBERRY

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. S. SPANGELO ◽  
R. WATKINS ◽  
C. S. HSU ◽  
S. O. FEJER
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

General and specific combining abilities were analyzed for total, marketable, early, and late yield, and for flower stalk number in a diallel cross of eight strawberry cultivars. Data were recorded from individual seedlings restricted to two runner plants, thereby eliminating variability resulting from differences in plant density. General and specific combining abilities for the five characters were highly significant. Estimates of general combining ability effects taken alone were, in general, of little value in predicting the order of desirability of individual crosses.

GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS IN SMOOTH BROMEGRASS. I. YIELD

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Koon Tan ◽  
Geok-Yong Tan ◽  
P. D. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Half Diallel

Twenty-one progenies and the parents of a 7 × 7 half diallel cross of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) were evaluated at four locations in Alberta in each of two years, for genetic variation and genetic by environment interactions in the expression of their yield potentials. Years, locations and their interactions were highly significant in the combined analysis of variance. Combining ability analysis revealed that general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were both important in the expression of yield, including spring, fall and annual yield, whereas GCA was more important than SCA for yield per area. Although the genotype × environment interactions were all highly significant, variation accounted for by combining ability effects was generally higher than the interaction effects of GCA and SCA respectively, with environments. High average GCA effects for spring, fall and annual yield were demonstrated for the clones UA5, UA9 and B42. These together with the high average SCA effects suggested that the three clones could be included in a synthetic to develop high yielding cultivars. The results suggested that recurrent selections involving multi-location and multi-year testing seems necessary in breeding for high yielding bromegrass cultivars in Alberta.

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THORNINESS AND YIELD TRAITS IN GOOSEBERRY

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. S. SPANGELO ◽  
C. S. HSU ◽  
S. O. FEJER ◽  
R. WATKINS
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Genetic Barrier ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
One Year

Combining ability and interrelationships among four characters were studied in six gooseberry (Ribes grossularia) progenies produced by crossing each of two thornless to three large-fruited cultivars. Measurements were recorded for four consecutive years for fruit yield and 100-berry weight, and for one year for thorniness and plant height. General and specific combining abilities were significant and their interactions with years were not significant for fruit yield and berry weight, and general combining ability was significant for thorniness. Genotypic correlations agreed closely with the phenotypic correlations. Significant positive correlations were obtained between fruit yield with berry weight and plant height. The nonsignificant correlations between thorniness with fruit yield, berry weight and plant height suggest no genetic barrier to combining thornlessness with these traits.

scholarly journals KERAGAMAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGIS DAN A G RONOMISP LA SMA NUTFAH KLON HARAPAN KAKAO LOKAL SULAWESI SELATAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAHARDI SAHARDI ◽  
FADJRY DJUFRY
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Yield ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Kakao (<em>Theobroma cacao</em> L.) merupakan komoditas perkebunan <br /> yang   memegang   peranan   penting   dalam   perekonomian   Indonesia. Sulawesi Selatan merupakan daerah sentra produksi kakao dan telah berkembang berbagai varian klon kakao lokal.  Sulawesi Selatan memiliki potensi menghasilkan klon-klon kakao unggul, yang berpotensi daya hasil tinggi, memiliki ketahanan/toleransi terhadap hama penggerek buah kakao, penyakit busuk buah dan vascular streak dieback. Klon kakao lokal yang telah dikembangkan oleh petani belum pernah dilakukan karakterisasi baik morfologi maupun genetik.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi karakter morfologi dan agronomi klon lokal harapan yang tersebar pada petani di Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari – Desember 2013 di Kabupaten Luwu dan Luwu Utara, Sulawesi Selatan. Untuk mendapatkan klon-klon harapan kakao lokal, dilakukan observasi langsung   pada   sentra   produksi   kakao.   Sumber   informasi adalah Pemerintah daerah (dinas terkait), penyuluh pertanian, tokoh masyarakat dan petani.    Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter morfologi utama klon  harapan  kakao  lokal  yang  didapat  saat  pelaksanaan  observasi. Analisis kemiripan karakter morfologi antar klon dan pengelompokan serta dendogram dilakukan dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 21.0. Hasil eksplorasi diperoleh sejumlah 30 klon harapan kakao lokal.  Hasil analisis karakter morfologi terhadap 30 aksesi klon unggul harapan kakao lokal di Sulawesi Selatan, menunjukkan keragaman yang sempit.  Hal ini mengisyaratkan bahwa perlu upaya lain untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik.</p><p>Kata kunci:  <em>Theobroma  cacao</em>  L.,  keragaman,  morfologi,  agronomi, plasma nutfah</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Morphological and Agronomics Diversity of Cocoa Characteristics    Local Promising Clones Germplasm in South Sulawesi </p>Cocoa (<em>Theobroma cacao  </em>L.) is one of  important estate crops <br /> commodities which plays a role on Indonesian economy. South Sulawesi <br /> has a potency to generate superior clones of cocoa. A number of local <br /> cocoa clones   from   South   Sulawesi   has   been   recommended   in <br /> rehabilitation and rejuvenation in  the implementation of cocoa “Gernas” <br /> (National Cocoa Planting Action). Sulawesi   Cocoa local clones have a <br /> potency of high yield, resistance to pest or main  diseases such as cocoa <br /> pod borer, black pod disease and vascular streak dieback which were still <br /> widespread among cocoa plantation. Although variation accured in cocoa <br /> local clones, but there had been no study on both  morphological and <br /> genetic. The objective of the research was to observe morphological  and <br /> agronomis characters of local cocoa  promising clones that has been <br /> planted by the farmers in South Sulawesi. This research  was conducted <br /> from  February - Desember 2013 in Luwu District and North Luwu, in <br /> South Sulawesi. To find local cacao clones  used direct observation in <br /> cocoa production centers. The information sources obtained from local <br />government (relevant agencies). Agricultural extension, prominent societyleader and the farmers. The Observation was conducted on morphologicalcharacters,  and  the  results  were  analysed  on  characters  resemblancebetween clones. Statistic anlyses for the Grouping and dendogram wasgene rated  by SPSS vertion 21.0. In South Sulawesi. The result from theanalyses of morphological characters   indicated  low genetic variability in 30 accessions of local cocoa clones in South Sulawesi. To such  low ingenetic diversity, Indicated  the need of another effort to broadan  geneticvariability<p>Keywords:   <em>Theobroma   cacao</em>  L.,   genetic   variability,   morphology, agronomy, germplasm</p>

scholarly journals Combining Ability And Heterosis In Snakegourd (Tricosanthes Cucurminata L)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
R Podder ◽  
MG Rasul ◽  
AKMA Islam ◽  
Mak Mian ◽  
JU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Fruit Diameter

A half diallel set of five parents and their 10 F1’s were studied to determine the combining ability and magnitude of heterosis for eight important characters in snakegourd at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during April to July, 2004. Combining ability analysis revealed that both general and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the characters except fruit diameter and fruit yield per plant. Predominance of additive gene action was noted for all the characters except days to first female flower where non-additive gene action was predominant. Parent P1 was the best general combiner for fruit yield and some yield contributing characters. Among the crosses P2  X P3, P1  X P2 and P1  X P4 were the best specific combiner for fruit yield and some of yield contributing characters. Both positive and negative heterosis was obtained of which few hybrids showed desirable and significant values. P2  X P5 showed the highest significant mid parental heterotic value for earliness and high yield whereas, P1  X P2, P2  X P3, P2  X P5 and P3  X P4 showed the highest significant better parent heterotic effect for earliness and high yield. Key words: Snakegourd (Trichosanthes cucurminata L.); combining ability; heterosis; fruit yieldDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9318 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 1-6, 2010

scholarly journals Hybrid tea-roses under controlled light conditions. 4. Combining ability analysis of variance for percentage of flowering in F1 populations.

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
D.P. de Vries ◽  
L. Smeets ◽  
L.A.M. Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Flowering Ability

F1 populations of the hybrid tea-roses Sonia, Baccara, Ilona, Prominent and Zorina were grown in a growth room under 8 W/m2 at 20 deg C with an 8 h day. The inheritance of flowering ability under low irradiance was mainly controlled by additive gene action. Prominent and Zorina had a good general combining ability for flowering under low irradiance. [For part 3 see HcA 49, 5235]. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Components of Cocoa Populations (Theobroma cacao L.) in Seedling Phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Agung Wahyu Susilo ◽  
Sobir ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Adinda Wuriandani
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Genetic Components

Seedling is often used as planting material and rootstock for clonal propagation in cocoa. Seedling as cocoa planting material came form superior parents or crosses of superior parents. The research aimed to estimate the genetic components of cocoa morphological characters using the North Carolina II mating design. Three female parent genotypes, namely KW 516, Sulawesi 3, and TSH 858, were crossed with two male parent genotypes, namely ICCRI 09 and Scavina 6. Observed variables consisted of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, root volume, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, root:shoot ratio at 16 weeks after showing. General combining ability (GCA) value showed Sulawesi 3 as the best female parent, and Scavina 6 as the best male parent. Specific combining ability (SCA) values showed TSH 858 x Scavina 6, KW 516 x ICCRI 09, and Sulawesi 3 x ICCRI 09 as the best crosses. Sulawesi 3 x ICCRI 09 seedlings had good vigor and met the criteria for transplanting. Cocoa morphological characters were affected by dominant gene action except for root volume. Keywords: seedling, North Carolina II, general combining ability, specific combining ability

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