scholarly journals Analysis of Digital Image Watermarking Techniques through Hybrid Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbuba Begum ◽  
Mohammad Shorif Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Hybrid Methods ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Image Watermarking ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Transform Domains

Digital image watermarking is an attractive research area since it protects the multimedia data from unauthorized access. For designing an efficient and robust digital image watermarking system, the trade-off among imperceptibility, robustness, capacity, and security must be maintained. Various studies regarding this concern have been performed to ensure these requirements by hybridizing different domains, such as spatial and transform domains. In this paper, we have presented an analytical study of the existing hybrid digital image watermarking methods. At first, we have given a standard framework for designing a hybrid method that ensures the basic design requirements of watermarking for various applications. After a brief literature review, we compared and analyzed the complexity of several existing hybrid methods in a tabular form. The limitations and applications of these methods are also highlighted. Finally, we summarized the challenges of the existing methods and concluded the study by giving future research directions.

scholarly journals Digital Image Watermarking Techniques: A Review

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbuba Begum ◽  
Mohammad Shorif Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Image Authentication ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Image Watermarking ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Future Research Directions

Digital image authentication is an extremely significant concern for the digital revolution, as it is easy to tamper with any image. In the last few decades, it has been an urgent concern for researchers to ensure the authenticity of digital images. Based on the desired applications, several suitable watermarking techniques have been developed to mitigate this concern. However, it is tough to achieve a watermarking system that is simultaneously robust and secure. This paper gives details of standard watermarking system frameworks and lists some standard requirements that are used in designing watermarking techniques for several distinct applications. The current trends of digital image watermarking techniques are also reviewed in order to find the state-of-the-art methods and their limitations. Some conventional attacks are discussed, and future research directions are given.

Digital Image Authentication

2012 ◽  
pp. 102-128
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Chia-Hung Wei
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Image Authentication ◽  
Fragile Watermarking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Digital Fingerprints

Digital image authentication refers to all the techniques performing anti-falsification, digital image copyright protection, or access control. A large number of DIA techniques have been developed to authenticate digital images, including cryptography-based digital image authentication (CBDIA) techniques and data-hiding-based digital image authentication (DHBDIA) techniques. This paper not only provides some practical applications on image authentication, but also describes general frameworks of image watermarking and the general techniques, including robust watermarking, fragile watermarking, and semi-fragile watermarking. This paper also addresses the potential issues on future research directions, including managing the PRNU database, development of advanced PRNU-based blind authentication techniques, and search for digital fingerprints.

A Review on Thermally Assisted Machining

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuting Lei ◽  
Frank Pfefferkorn
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Controlled Delivery ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Numerical Work ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Hard And Brittle Materials ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Future Research Directions

Thermally assisted machining (TAM) involves the use of a heating source to elevate the workpiece temperature at the cutting zone to facilitate the material removal process. TAM has evolved over the years with the emergence of new heating sources and the need to machine newly developed hard and brittle materials. In recent years, the main activities in this research area have been focused on laser assisted machining (LAM) at both the macro and micro scale, largely because of focused and controlled delivery of energy that can be achieved with a laser. This paper attempts to provide an overview of research in the general area of TAM, with an emphasis on LAM at the macro scale. Both experimental and theoretical/numerical work will be presented in this review. The challenges and progresses made so far will be detailed. And finally, future research directions in this area will be discussed.

Research in urban logistics: a systematic literature review

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 908-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lagorio ◽  
Roberto Pinto ◽  
Ruggero Golini
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Citation Network Analysis ◽  
Continuous Progress ◽  
Future Research Directions

Purpose The last decades have witnessed an increased interest in urban logistics originating from both the research and the practitioners’ communities. Sustainable freight transports today are on the political, social and technological agenda of many actors operating in urban contexts. Due to the extent of the covered areas and the continuous progress in many fields, the resulting body of research on urban logistics appears quite fragmented. From an engineering management perspective, the purpose of this paper is to present a systematic literature review (SLR) that aims to consolidate the knowledge on urban logistics, analyse the development of the discipline, and provide future research directions. Design/methodology/approach The paper discusses the main evidence emerging from a SLR on urban logistics. The corpus resulting from the SLR has been used to perform a citation network analysis and a main path analysis that together underpin the identification of the most investigated topics and methodologies in the field. Findings Through the analysis of a corpus of 104 articles, the most important research contributions on urban logistics that represent the structural backbone in the development of the research over time in the field are detected. Based on these findings, this work identifies and discusses three areas of potential interest for future research. Originality/value This paper presents an SLR related to a research area in which the literature is extremely fragmented. The results provide insights about the research path, current trends and future research directions in the field of urban logistics.

HR Outsourcing Literature Review: Decisions, Outcome and Its Future Research Directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Sim
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Human Resource Outsourcing ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Insight Into

<p>This study aims to systematically synthesize more than 20 years of human resource outsourcing (HRO) studies in a way that is meaningful, concise and, useful to HRO researchers and practitioners. Using<b> </b>grounded coding technique blended with integrative literature review, empirical papers published from 1997 to 2018 are examined. This is the first HRO literature review using such techniques to answer three key research questions: What has the existing empirical academic literature revealed about the determinants of HRO decisions and outcomes? What are the key issues emerged from the literature? What are the gaps in knowledge which warrant future HRO research? Other than providing a comprehensive insight into an emerging research area, this review also contributes to laying an important foundation for the initial descriptive HRO theory development. 36 dependent variables and 99 independent variables over 449 relationships were coded.</p>

Heterostructured semiconductor nanowire arrays for artificial photosynthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Liu ◽  
Chuang Han ◽  
Zi-Rong Tang ◽  
Yi-Jun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Photosynthesis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Nanowire Arrays ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Semiconductor Nanowire ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Insight Into

A critical summary and insight into recent advances in artificial photosynthesis over heterostructured semiconductor nanowire arrays have been presented, which concisely describe the current status and possible future research directions in this promising research area.

HR Outsourcing Literature Review: Decisions, Outcome and Its Future Research Directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Sim
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Human Resource Outsourcing ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Insight Into

<p>This study aims to systematically synthesize more than 20 years of human resource outsourcing (HRO) studies in a way that is meaningful, concise and, useful to HRO researchers and practitioners. Using<b> </b>grounded coding technique blended with integrative literature review, empirical papers published from 1997 to 2018 are examined. This is the first HRO literature review using such techniques to answer three key research questions: What has the existing empirical academic literature revealed about the determinants of HRO decisions and outcomes? What are the key issues emerged from the literature? What are the gaps in knowledge which warrant future HRO research? Other than providing a comprehensive insight into an emerging research area, this review also contributes to laying an important foundation for the initial descriptive HRO theory development. 36 dependent variables and 99 independent variables over 449 relationships were coded.</p>

Narrative Review of Game AI 2000 Onwards and Future Research Directions

2022 ◽  
pp. 192-203
Author(s):  
Rajat Gera ◽  
Priyanka Chadha
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
High Citation ◽  
Game Ai ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Future Research Directions

The purpose of the chapter is to structure and synthesize the research findings in Gaming AI till date by reviewing the research articles published in high citation, indexed, and peer reviewed journals. Eighteen articles were extracted through systematic process of search and exclusion and inclusion criteria adopted for the study. The selected papers were categorized according to the simulation for AI and AI-based simulation model, and AI applications from literature was reviewed, and conclusions were drawn. Research in Gaming AI is fragmented and unrelated as regards geographical, methodological, and disciplinary aspects. Gaming AI is an emerging research area which is gaining interest in recent years though very little quantitative or qualitative research has been undertaken till date. Recommendations on future research directions were made.

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