scholarly journals Comparison of In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Epaltes divaricata and Vetiveria zizanioides against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hasanga Rathnayake ◽  
Manikkuwadura Hasara Nethmini De Zoysa ◽  
Ruwani Punyakanthi Hewawasam ◽  
Weerasinghe Mudiyanselage Dilip Gaya Bandara Wijayaratne
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of hospital- and community-acquired infections worldwide. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the antibacterial activity of the two medicinal plants Epaltes divaricata and Vetiveria zizanioides against strains of MRSA which were isolated from patients with skin and soft tissue infections. Hexane, ethanol, and water extracts of E. divaricata (whole plant) and V. zizanioides (roots) were prepared. Clinical isolates of MRSA strains (n = 20) were used for the study. Bacterial susceptibility was tested using a disc diffusion assay. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by a broth microdilution method. Vancomycin was used as the positive control. Hexane, ethanol, and water extracts of E. divaricata showed inhibitory zones against MRSA. Except for water extract, both hexane and ethanol extracts of V. zizanioides showed inhibitory zones. MIC ranges of hexane, ethanol, and water extracts in E. divaricata were 0.012–0.32 mg/mL, 0.019–2.4 mg/mL, and 0.019–0.48 mg/mL, respectively. Respective MIC ranges of hexane and ethanol extracts of V. zizanioides were 0.003–0.032 mg/mL and 0.019–2.4 mg/mL. The hexane extract of V. zizanioides inhibited 55% of the selected MRSA strains at a relatively low MIC value of 0.012 mg/mL. The hexane extract of both plants demonstrated inhibition of 75% of MRSA strains at a MIC value of 0.064 mg/mL. Ethanol extract of V. zizanioides and E. divaricata, respectively, inhibited 70% and 45% of MRSA strains at the MIC of 0.096 mg/mL, whereas water extract of E. divaricata inhibited 80% of MRSA strains at the same MIC. Both E. divaricata and V. zizanioides were equally effective against MRSA at a MIC of 0.064 mg/mL. But V. zizanioides was more effective since the hexane extract inhibited more than 50% of MRSA strains at significantly a lower MIC value of 0.012 mg/mL. Fractionation, purification, and identification of active compounds will warrant further evaluation of the therapeutic potential of both plant extracts.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of different extract of medicinal plant Antirrihnum Orontium.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himayat Ullah ◽  
Shehzad Saleem ◽  
Wisal Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Zahid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Quaternary Base ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Antirrhinum Orontium is belonging to the family Plantaginacea commonly known as lesser snapdragon which is a flowering plant belong to genus Antirrhinum. It was traditionally used in treatment of Tumor, Eye inflammation and Ulcer. Antirrhinum Orontium is contain mostly tertiary alkaloids bases one of them is identified as 4-methyl-2, 6-naphthyridine and Choline is identified as quaternary base. The recent study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Ethyl acetate, Dichloromethane, Hexane and Water extracts of Antirrhinum Orontium, against the pathogen like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Both the Soxhlet and Maceration water extract were found most active from the other extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by using agar well diffusion method. The measured zone of inhibition for Soxhlet water extract is 21±0.05mm and Maceration water extract is 20±0.05mm against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus, while for gram negative Escherichia coli 23±0.05mm is measured for Soxlet and 21±0.05mm measured for Maceration water extracts

scholarly journals Two New Isoflavanones from the Roots of Erythrina variegata

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Tanaka ◽  
Ikunori Atsumi ◽  
Motori Hasegawa ◽  
Miyuki Hirata ◽  
Tatsuko Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Erythrina Variegata ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
New Compounds

Two new isoflavanones, eryvarins Y (1) and Z (2), together with three known compounds (3–5) were isolated from the roots of Erythrina variegata. The structures of 1 and 2 were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. The new compounds are peculiar isoflavanones, possessing both a 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl group and a 2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl group. Among the isolates, orientanol E (5) exhibited potent antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization and Antibiotics Combination Approach to Control the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strains Isolated from the Hospital Derived Fomites

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravin R Dudhagara ◽  
Anjana D Ghelani ◽  
Rajesh K Patel
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Key Words Antibiotics ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Combination Approach ◽  
Mic Value

Objective: The emergence of antibiotic resistant Stphylococcus aureus strains have resulted in significant treatment difficulties which have imposed a burden on health care systems and simultaneously intensifying the need for new antimicrobial agents. Therefore, we have designed the study to determine the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern along with evaluation of antibiotic combination approach. Material & Methods: Isolation and identification of MRSA was carried out using Mannitol salt agar followed by Baird-Parker Agar and Vojel-Johnson Agar media. Strains were tested for the sensitivity against five β-lactum, two macrolide and one fluoroquinolone class of antibiotic. Further sensitivity was confirmed using 9 diverse- second and third generation antibiotics. MIC value of individual and mixture of antibiotics were measured using Mueller-Hinton broth. Results: Total 10 stains of S. aureus were isolated and characterised using standard biochemical tests. They were identified using on-line identification tool- GIDEON (Global Infectious Disease and Epidemiology Network). Almost 50% strains were reported having variable reaction against at least one or more antibiotic. By the use of augmentin (30μg), cephotaxime (30μg), ceftriaxone (30μg), cefuroxime (30μg), ciprofloxacin (5μg), clindamycin (2μg), gentamycin (10μg), lincomycin (2μg) and tobramycin (10μg) further susceptibility tesing was carried out which reveals absolute resistant in 70% of strains, whereas, remeaning strains were seen having variable responses against five antibiotics. However, with comparison to standard antibiotic zone of inhibition, all strains were categorized as a resistant. An individual application of ampicillin, tetracycline and amikacin required higher concentration to inhibited all the stains while combination of two or three antibiotics were identified having low MIC value. Combination of tetracycline with sulbactam and cefoperazone was found best to contol MRSA. Conclusion: Study highlights the wide spread presence of MRSA strains in fomites derived from hospital. These indicate the need of more precaution in clinic area to control the spread of the MRSA. Amalgamation of antibiotics is an effective remedy for MRSA infections and promising approach in developing country. Key Words: Antibiotics combination; fomites; MRSA; Staphylococcus aureus DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v2i2.4258 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 72-78

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Different Extract of Medicinal Plant Antirrihnum Orontium.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Himayat Ullah ◽  
Shehzad Saleem ◽  
Wisal Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Zahid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Quaternary Base ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Antirrhinum Orontium is belonging to the family Plantaginacea commonly known as lesser snapdragon which is a flowering plant belong to genus Antirrhinum. It was traditionally used in treatment of Tumor, Eye inflammation and Ulcer. Antirrhinum Orontium is contain mostly tertiary alkaloids bases one of them is identified as 4-methyl-2, 6-naphthyridine and Choline is identified as quaternary base. The recent study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Ethyl acetate, Dichloromethane, Hexane and Water extracts of Antirrhinum Orontium, against the pathogen like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Both the Soxhlet and Maceration water extract were found most active from the other extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by using agar well diffusion method. The measured zone of inhibition for Soxhlet water extract is 21±0.05mm and Maceration water extract is 20±0.05mm against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus, while for gram negative Escherichia coli 23±0.05mm is measured for Soxlet and 21±0.05mm measured for Maceration water extracts

scholarly journals KANDUNGAN TERPENOID DALAM DAUN ARA (Ficus carica L.) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP BAKTERI Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Endang Dwi Wulansari ◽  
Dewi Lestari ◽  
Mujahidah Asma Khoirunissa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
The Public ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

ABSTRACT Fig leaves (Ficus carica L.) are known to the public with many health benefits. The content of efficacious compounds in fig leaves such as terpenoids has potential as an antibacterial and needs to be known. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of terpenoid content in extracts and fractions of fig leaves (Ficus carica L.) on the growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria by contact bioautography. Extraction was carried out by stratified soxhletation with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Separation was carried out by coloum vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) method. The wells diffusion method is used as the antibacterial activity test, while the TLC contact bioautography test is carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of the terpenoid content in the extracts and fractions. Extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol of fig leaf (Ficus carica L.) have antibacterial activity against MRSA with a diameter of inhibitory zone 0.111 ± 0.003; 0.328 ± 0.026, 1.044 ± 0.115 cm, and show significant differences. Extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol of fig leaf (Ficus carica L.) contain terpenoids. The fraction of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of fig leaves (Ficus carica L.) contains terpenoid compounds which can provide antibacterial activity against MRSA by TLC contact bioautography. Keywords:       fig leaves, Ficus carica L., antibacterial, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus.  ABSTRAK Daun ara (Ficus carica L.) dikenal masyarakat dengan banyak manfaat dalam bidang kesehatan. Kandungan senyawa berkhasiat dalam daun ara seperti terpenoid berpotensi sebagai antibakteri dan perlu diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri kandungan terpenoid dalam ekstrak maupun fraksi daun ara (Ficus carica L.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) secara KLT bioautografi kontak. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara soxhletasi bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksana dan etil asetat. Pemisahan dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi kolom vakum cair (KVC). Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran, sedangkan uji bioautografi kontak dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri kandungan terpenoid dalam ekstrak dan fraksi. Ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol daun ara (Ficus carica L.) mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap MRSA dengan diameter zona hambat berturut-turut 0,111±0,003; 0,328±0,026, 1,044±0,115 cm, dan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan. Ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol daun ara (Ficus carica L.) mengandung terpenoid. Fraksi dari ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol daun ara (Ficus carica L.) mengandung senyawa terpenoid yang dapat memberikan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap MRSA secara KLT bioautografi kontak. Kata kunci : daun ara, Ficus carica L., antibakteri, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) Leaves Extracts Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Selvira Anandia Intan Maulidya ◽  
Doni Anshar Nuari ◽  
Shendi Suryana ◽  
Sumia Almarifah
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world and can be life-threatening as well. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) leaves ethanolic extract against MRSA's growth. Ageratum conyzoides leaves were extracted by ethanol and screened for their phytochemical constituent. Ethanolic extracts of A. conyzoides leaves were evaluated for their potential antibacterial activity using disc diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was determined using the agar dilution method. Phytochemical screening shows that the extracts contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids or triterpenoids. Ageratum conyzoides leaves extract shows a 25.1 mm inhibitory zone at 12.5% extract concentration with MIC value equivalents to 4.46 x 10-6 g of gentamicin. This study concludes that A. conyzoides leaves ethanolic extracts have potential antibacterial activity against MRSA.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity ofMulinum spinosumExtracts against Slime-ProducingStaphylococcus aureusand Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusIsolated from Nasal Carriers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Echenique Daniela ◽  
Chiaramello Alejandra ◽  
Rossomando Pedro ◽  
Mattana Claudia ◽  
Alcaráz Lucía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Flash Chromatography ◽  
Host Defenses ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Nasal carriers ofStaphylococcus aureusare important reservoirs with risk of developing endogenous infections or transmitting infections to susceptible individuals. Methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) are associated with higher rates of treatment failure. Some strains ofS. aureusproduce slime which is believed to make the microorganisms more resistant to antibiotics and host defenses. The antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate : n-hexane (EtOAc : HEX) extracts ofMulinum spinosum(5 : 95% EtOAc : HEX, 50 : 50% EtOAc : HEX, 70 : 30% EtOAc : HEX and mix 20 : 80/30 : 70% EtOAc : HEX, 50 : 50/70 : 30/100 : 0% EtOAc : HEX) were assayed against 3 slime-producingS. aureusstrains and 2 MRSA strains isolated from nasal carriers.S. aureusATCC 35556 slime-producing strain and MRSA ATCC 43300 strain were used as controls. The extracts were prepared using flash chromatography.M. spinosum5 : 95% AcOEt : HEX showed antibacterial effect against all slime-producing strains (MIC: 500 µg/mL) and the highest activity against MRSA strains (MIC: 500 to 1000 µg/mL). AllM. spinosumextracts assayed were active against slime-producingS. aureusand MRSA at doses between 500 and 4000 µg/mL. Both, slime-producingS. aureusand MRSA are highly contagious and hardly eradicated by antibiotic therapies. So, there is an increasing need to find new substances with the ability to inhibit these strains.

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