scholarly journals KANDUNGAN TERPENOID DALAM DAUN ARA (Ficus carica L.) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP BAKTERI Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Endang Dwi Wulansari ◽  
Dewi Lestari ◽  
Mujahidah Asma Khoirunissa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
The Public ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

ABSTRACT Fig leaves (Ficus carica L.) are known to the public with many health benefits. The content of efficacious compounds in fig leaves such as terpenoids has potential as an antibacterial and needs to be known. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of terpenoid content in extracts and fractions of fig leaves (Ficus carica L.) on the growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria by contact bioautography. Extraction was carried out by stratified soxhletation with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Separation was carried out by coloum vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) method. The wells diffusion method is used as the antibacterial activity test, while the TLC contact bioautography test is carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of the terpenoid content in the extracts and fractions. Extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol of fig leaf (Ficus carica L.) have antibacterial activity against MRSA with a diameter of inhibitory zone 0.111 ± 0.003; 0.328 ± 0.026, 1.044 ± 0.115 cm, and show significant differences. Extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol of fig leaf (Ficus carica L.) contain terpenoids. The fraction of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of fig leaves (Ficus carica L.) contains terpenoid compounds which can provide antibacterial activity against MRSA by TLC contact bioautography. Keywords:       fig leaves, Ficus carica L., antibacterial, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus.  ABSTRAK Daun ara (Ficus carica L.) dikenal masyarakat dengan banyak manfaat dalam bidang kesehatan. Kandungan senyawa berkhasiat dalam daun ara seperti terpenoid berpotensi sebagai antibakteri dan perlu diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri kandungan terpenoid dalam ekstrak maupun fraksi daun ara (Ficus carica L.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) secara KLT bioautografi kontak. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara soxhletasi bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksana dan etil asetat. Pemisahan dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi kolom vakum cair (KVC). Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran, sedangkan uji bioautografi kontak dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri kandungan terpenoid dalam ekstrak dan fraksi. Ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol daun ara (Ficus carica L.) mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap MRSA dengan diameter zona hambat berturut-turut 0,111±0,003; 0,328±0,026, 1,044±0,115 cm, dan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan. Ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol daun ara (Ficus carica L.) mengandung terpenoid. Fraksi dari ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol daun ara (Ficus carica L.) mengandung senyawa terpenoid yang dapat memberikan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap MRSA secara KLT bioautografi kontak. Kata kunci : daun ara, Ficus carica L., antibakteri, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Arbutus pavarii Pamp against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and UHPLC-MS/MS Profile of the Bioactive Fraction

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1539
Author(s):  
Nawal Buzgaia ◽  
Tahani Awin ◽  
Fakhri Elabbar ◽  
Khaled Abdusalam ◽  
Soo Yee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Bioactive Fraction

Arbutus pavarii Pamp is a medicinal plant commonly used by local tribes in East Libya for the treatment of many diseases, such as gastritis, renal infections, cancer and kidney diseases. In this study, the antibacterial activity of the leaf and stem bark extracts of the plant against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as the metabolite profiles of the bioactive fractions, was investigated. The antibacterial activity was determined by disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), while the microbial reduction by the bioactive fraction was evaluated using time–kill test. The bioactive fraction was further subjected to ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis to putatively identify the chemical constituents contained therein. All the extracts and fractions showed different levels of antibacterial activity on the tested MRSA strains. The highest total antibacterial activity, i.e., 4007.6 mL/g, was exhibited by the crude leaf methanolic extract. However, the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf showed moderate to significant antibacterial activity against MRSA at low MIC (0.08–1.25 mg/mL). Metabolite profiling of this fraction using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS resulted in the putative identification of 28 compounds, which included phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols and flavonols. The results of this study showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Arbutus pavarii leaf possessed potential antibacterial activity against MRSA and hence can be further explored for pharmaceutical applications as a natural antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of crude extracts of Lawsonia inermis against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triveni A G ◽  
Suresh Kumar Mendem ◽  
Channapa T Shivannavar ◽  
Subhaschandra M Gaddad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Crude Extracts

 Objective:The continuous rise in the prevalence of multi drug resistance pathogens globally is threatening the treatment and management of infectious diseases. Ethno medicine plays a key role in the exploration for novel bioactive compounds. The present study evaluates the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the crude extracts of Lawsonia inermis against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Materials and methods: Shade dried and finely powdered leaves of the plant were extracted by maceration method using six solvents methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the extracts against MDR MRSA by agar cup diffusion and tube method respectively.Results: Methanol extract showed the highest antibacterial activity of 18mm compared to other extracts. Similarly, petroleum ether extract showed highest biofilm inhibition of 84.7%. Other solvent extracts also exhibited significant biofilm inhibition [n-Hexane-83.6%, Ethyl acetate -79.5%, Chloroform-79.2%, Acetone -77% and Methanol-77%].Conclusion: The leaf extracts of L. inermis have shown promising biofilm inhibitory activity and good antibacterial activity, which can be explored for the development of new drugs for the MDR pathogens. Keywords: Antibioticacivity, Antibiofilm activity, L.inermis, MRSA

scholarly journals In vitro Activity of Rambutan Binjai (Nephelium lappaceum) Peel Extract from Indonesia to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Tina Rostinawati ◽  
Ami Tjitraresmi ◽  
Myra Vania Wisnuputri
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Nephelium Lappaceum ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Peel Extract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most common bacteria causing nosocomial infections with high levels of resistance to available antibiotics. So, it is necessary to search for new compounds to solve this problem. Various studies showed antibacterial activity of rambutan peel but for Rambutan Binjai peel extract that are from Indonesia has never been studied against the MRSA. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity, the value of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using agar diffusion method. The concentration of rambutan peel ethanol extract at as much as 62.5 mg/ml showed the inhibitory diameter i.e 21.3 ± 2.4 mm. MIC and MBC were in the same range, which was between 0.98 (mg/ml) to 1.95 (mg/ml). The activity strength of tetracycline against the extract was at 1:50. This revealed that Rambutan Binjai peel extract had great potency as antibacterial agent to MRSA. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(2): 197-203, 2018 (December)

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK n-HEKSAN, ETIL ASETAT DAN ETANOL KULIT BATANG KAYU EBONI (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DIFUSI

KOVALEN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Sumitriasih ◽  
Ahmad Ridhay ◽  
Indriani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

A study was conducted on the antibacterial activity test on n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts of ebony bark (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) using a diffusion method. The purpose of this research is to know the antibacterial activity of ebony bark against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria using n-hexane, ethyl acetate dan ethanol. The method of extraction used in this research was maceration method with three polarity levels of solvent. The antibacterial activity test was performed by diffusion-well test. The results showed that ethyl acetate extract gave the highest inhibition of 26.14 mm in gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and ethanol extract of 25.97 mm in gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Keywords: Ebony (Diospyros celebica. Bakh), Tree Bark, Inhibitory, Antibacterial

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Rhipsalis baccifera and Drymoglossum piloselloides against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumanii.

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
S. D. Kugaperumal ◽  
R. D. De Silva ◽  
T. D. Karunarathne ◽  
C. P. Gunasekara ◽  
D. N. A. W. Samarakoon
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii are known to cause delayed healing of infections in both acute and chronic wounds. Plants are a natural source of novel antimicrobials and many new drugs are derived from plants, as plants contain phytochemicals that have antimicrobial activity. Sri Lanka is a tropical country with a wide variety of plant species, many of which were identified as possessing medicinal qualities and have been used by traditional medicinal practitioners in the treatment of various diseases and ailments. Dressings made of Rhipsalis baccifera and Drymoglossum piloselloides have been used to treat wounds by Sri Lankan traditional medicine practitioners. This study determined the antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of R. baccifera and D. piloselloides against MRSA and Multidrug-resistant A. baumanii. Aqueous and methanolic extractions of both plants were done by maceration. Their antibacterial properties were checked against MRSA and A. baumanii by the well diffusion method. The effectiveness of the extract was further tested against factors like temperature and storage time. R. baccifera (aqueous extract) exhibited antimicrobial properties against MRSA but no activity against A. baumanii. The antibiotic activity against MRSA was increased after two months of storage at 4°C. D. piloselloides exhibited no antibiotic activity against both MRSA and A. baumanii. The methanolic extracts did not demonstrate any antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals THE ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITY OF HIBISCUS SABDRIFFA L. AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-631
Author(s):  
Jaddoa & Gharb
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

The current study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of ethanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx against locally isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at different concentrations were started from 0.078 to 40 mg/ml. The extract was prepared by soaked calyces powder of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. with 80% ethanol in the Soxhlet extraction unit, and then it was aseptically filtered. The antibacterial activity was tested by agar diffusion method and broth microdilution method, this method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of extract, while the antibiofilm activity was determined by using 96-well polystyrene microtiter plates. The results revealed that the ethanolic extract has antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner, the average diameter zone of inhibition observed against MRSA isolates ranged from 14±0.5 mm to 20±0.5 mm Moreover, at sub-inhibitory concentration, this extract developed an isolate-specific antibiofilm effect and presented highly significant (P< 0.05) variability in biofilm formation before and after addition of ethanolic extract, Mr1, and Mr7 isolates were gave the lowest and highest antibiofilm activity, respectively. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of H. sabdariffa L. calyx is a promising alternative medication that can be used to treat the infection caused by MRS.

scholarly journals A Molecular Insight into the Synergistic Mechanism of Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) with β-Lactam Antibiotics against Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3206
Author(s):  
Lorina I. Badger-Emeka ◽  
Promise Madu Emeka ◽  
Hairul Islam M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Insight Into

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is detrimental to hospitalized patients. With diminishing choices of antibiotics and the worry about resistance to colistin in synergistic combined therapy, there are suggestions for the use of herbal derivatives. This investigation evaluated the synergistic effects of Nigella sativa (NS) in combination with beta-lactam (β-lactam) antibiotics on extreme drug-resistant (XDR) MRSA isolates. NS concentrations of 10, 7.5, 5.0, 2.5, 1.0, and 0.1 µg/mL, alone and in combination with β-lactam antibiotics, were used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of MRSA isolates by the well diffusion method. Time–kill assays were performed using a spectrophotometer, with time–kill curves plotted and synergism ascertained by the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to gain insight into the mechanism of action of treated groups. Isolates were inhibited by the NS concentrations, with differences in the zones of inhibition being statistically insignificant at p < 0.05. There were statistically significant differences in the time–kill assay for the MRSA isolates. In addition, NS combined with augmentin showed better killing than oxacillin and cefuroxime. The mechanism of action shown by the SEM and TEM results revealed cell wall disruption, which probably created interference that led to bacterial lysis.

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