scholarly journals Aflatoxin M1 in Milk Worldwide from 1988 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nader Salari ◽  
Mohsen Kazeminia ◽  
Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽  
Rostam Jalali ◽  
Masoud Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Animal Milk ◽  
Review Study

Background. Aflatoxins are found in various types of food and animal feed. Food contamination with aflatoxin toxin is of particular importance today. Various studies have reported different prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in animal milk. Therefore, due to the importance of this toxin, its role in health, and lack of general statistics about it worldwide, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in milk worldwide with a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Methods. In this review study, national and international databases were extracted from SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI) between January 1988 and February 2020. A random effects model was used for analysis, and heterogeneity of studies with an I2 index was investigated. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (version 2). Results. The prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in milk worldwide from January 1988 to February 2020 in 122 articles with a sample size of 18921 was 79.1% (95% CI: 75.5–82.3%). Regarding the heterogeneity based on metaregression, there was a significant difference between the effect of the year of study (p≤0.001) and sample size (p≤0.001) with the prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in animal milk. Conclusion. The results of this study show that the prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in milk is high worldwide. Therefore, considering the importance of the milk group and its products, special measures should be taken to protect the ration from aflatoxin molds and milk quality.

scholarly journals Dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children’s worldwide, 1995 to 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kazeminia ◽  
Alireza Abdi ◽  
Shamarina Shohaimi ◽  
Rostam Jalali ◽  
Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis

Abstract Background Early childhood caries (ECC) is a type of dental caries in the teeth of infants and children that is represented as one of the most prevalent dental problems in this period. Various studies have reported different types of prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children worldwide. However, there has been no comprehensive study to summarize the results of these studies in general, so this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children in different continents of the world during a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods In this review study, articles were extracted by searching in the national and international databases of SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI) between 1995 and December 2019. Random effects model was used for analysis and heterogeneity of studies was evaluated by using the I2 index. Data were analyzed by using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Version 2) software. Findings In this study, a total of 164 articles (81 articles on the prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth and 83 articles on the prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth) were entered the meta-analysis. The prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth in children in the world with a sample size of 80,405 was 46.2% (95% CI: 41.6–50.8%), and the prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth in children in the world with a sample size of 1,454,871 was 53.8% (95% CI: 50–57.5%). Regarding the heterogeneity on the basis of meta-regression analysis, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children in different continents of the world. With increasing the sample size and the year of study, dental caries in primary teeth increased and in permanent teeth decreased. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the prevalence of primary and permanent dental caries in children in the world was found to be high. Therefore, appropriate strategies should be implemented to improve the aforementioned situation and to troubleshoot and monitor at all levels by providing feedback to hospitals.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of  Job stress among Iranian nurses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Isfahani ◽  
Marzieh Arefy ◽  
Saeed Peyravi ◽  
Rasoul Corani Bahador ◽  
Mahnaz Afshari
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Organizational Productivity

Abstract Background: Job stress is the most important factor in reducing organizational productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to identify prevalence of job stress among nurses in Iran.Methods: This study was conducted using a meta-analysis. All published articles on prevalence of job stress among nurses in Iran until July 2018 were searched and collected using PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, CINAHL, PsychInfo, Scopus, Magiran, IranMedex and SID and Bibliography section of the retrieved papers and related journals. Finally, 22 empirical studies were reviewed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.Results: The overall prevalence of job stress in Iranian nurses was 49.5% (95% CI 41.9%-59.1%). The highest job stress was recorded in Tehran in 2016, 96.4% (95% Cl: 90.3%-98.7%) and the lowest job stress was found in Kashan in 2011, 2.5% (95% Cl: 6.0%-1.0%). Significant statistical correlation was observed between job stress, year and sample size (p<0/05).Conclusion: job stress affects about half of nursing staff in Iran; thus, managers and policymakers should take serious measures to reduce prevalence of job stress among nurses.

scholarly journals Assessing the Clinical Improvement in Patients with COVID-19 using Lopinavir-Ritonavir: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 448-459
Author(s):  
Rania M. Magadmi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Viral Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Review Manager ◽  
Anti Viral Therapy

Aims: Globally the focus is towards finding an effective treatment for COVID-19 patients in order to suppress the spread of this pandemic disease. An antiviral combination of lopinavir-ritonavir is considered to be effective in treating COVID-19 patients. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the clinical improvements of lopinavir-ritonavir in COVID-19 patients. Study Design: a systematic review study was conducted and articles published since December 2019 were included. The statistical analysis of quantitative data was performed using Review Manager (RevMan) to generate forest plots. Results: The study showed that there was no significant difference in COVID-19 patients treated with lopinavir-ritonavir or in combination with anti-viral therapy or other conventional methods. Conclusion: the use of lopinavir-ritonavir resulted in greater adverse consequences among COVID-19 patients. It further recommends conducting meta-analysis studies with a greater number of studies to highlight the clinical improvement associated with the use of Lopinavir-ritonavir.

scholarly journals Efficacy of pinaverium bromide in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175628482110337
Author(s):  
Serhat Bor ◽  
Philippe Lehert ◽  
Adriana Chalbaud ◽  
Jan Tack
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pinaverium Bromide ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Spasmolytic agents are an attractive first line treatment option for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Pinaverium bromide (pinaverium) has antispasmodic effects on gastrointestinal smooth muscle and can relieve major IBS symptoms, but an up-to-date meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of pinaverium with placebo is lacking. The aim is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of pinaverium compared with placebo for IBS treatment. Methods: All placebo-controlled trials evaluating pinaverium for IBS treatment were included, up to October 2019. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by overall patient IBS symptoms. Individual symptoms were also evaluated. The effect of pinaverium versus placebo was expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR). Odds ratio (OR) and number needed to treat (NNT) were also calculated. Results: Eight studies were included for analysis. Pinaverium treatment had a beneficial effect on overall IBS symptom relief with a positive SMD of 0.64 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.45–0.82, p < 0.0001] and a positive RR of 1.75 (1.26–2.43, p < 0.0008). No significant difference was found by publication year, gender, age, methodological quality score (MQS), or sample size. No publication bias was detected. OR was 3.43 (2.00–5.88, p < 0.0001), and NNT was 4. Pinaverium also demonstrated a beneficial treatment effect for abdominal pain, stool change, and bloating improvement or resolution. Conclusion: Pinaverium is superior to placebo for the treatment of IBS symptoms, irrespective of patient age or gender, study publication year, sample size, or MQS. The NNT in this meta-analysis is amongst the lowest for studies and meta-analyses of antispasmodics versus placebo in IBS.

scholarly journals Blumgart anastomosis reduces the incidence of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlu Li ◽  
Ailin Wei ◽  
Ning Xia ◽  
Liangxia Zheng ◽  
Dujiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pancreatic Fistula ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anastomosis Group ◽  
Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pancreatic Texture

Abstract Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most serious complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Recently, Blumgart anastomosis (BA) has been found to have some advantages in terms of decreasing POPF compared with other pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) using either the duct-to-mucosa or invagination approach. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the safety and effectiveness of BA versus non-Blumgart anastomosis after PD. The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Library were systematically searched for studies published from January 2000 to March 2020. One RCT and ten retrospective comparative studies were included with 2412 patients, of whom 1155 (47.9%) underwent BA and 1257 (52.1%) underwent non-Blumgart anastomosis. BA was associated with significantly lower rates of grade B/C POPF (OR 0.38, 0.22 to 0.65; P = 0.004) than non-Blumgart anastomosis. Additionally, in the subgroup analysis, the grade B/C POPF was also reduced in BA group than the Kakita anastomosis group. There was no significant difference regarding grade B/C POPF in terms of soft pancreatic texture between the BA and non-Blumgart anastomosis groups. In conclusion, BA after PD was associated with a decreased risk of grade B/C POPF. Therefore, BA seems to be a valuable PJ to reduce POPF comparing with non-Blumgart anastomosis.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for preventing recurrence of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxi Li ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Dongling Zhong ◽  
Lihong Shi ◽  
Yijie Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Trial Sequential Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pooled Sample

Abstract Background: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been increasingly applied to clinical management of relapse of depression. However, the uncertainties of MBCT versus active-control conditions (ACCs) in reducing relapse rate in subjects with recurrent depression exist. This systematic review and meta-analysis intend to compare the effects of MBCT versus ACCs in reducing relapse of depressive disorder. Methods: Electronic search of relevant literatures was performed on major medical databases. Randomized controlled trials evaluating MBCT versus ACCs for recurrent depressive disorder among adults were included. Risk of bias evaluation, meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis and evidence rating of all extracted information were conducted by two independent reviewers. Results: Six trials with 1061 participants were deemed eligible for meta-analysis. Low risk of bias was found across the 6 studies and no heterogeneity was found among them. There was no significant difference between MBCT and ACCs in reducing relapse rate in patients with recurrent depressive disorder. The pooled sample size did not meet the inquired information size of trial sequential analysis which indicated that the result may be false negative. A total of 25 adverse events were formally recorded, but none were attributed to intervention. The quality of evidence was moderate due to the inadequate pooled sample size. Conclusions: There was no significant difference between MBCT and ACCs in reducing relapse rate in patients with recurrent depressive disorder based on the available evidence. Future research will be needed to obtain a more explicit conclusion.

scholarly journals The Impact of Recipient Demographics on Outcomes from Living Donor Kidneys: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5556
Author(s):  
Maria Irene Bellini ◽  
Mikhail Nozdrin ◽  
Liset Pengel ◽  
Simon Knight ◽  
Vassilios Papalois
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Russian Science Citation Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background and Aims: Recipient demographics affect outcomes after kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess, for kidneys retrieved from living donors, the effect of recipient sex, ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) on delayed graft function (DGF) and one-year graft function, incidence of acute rejection (AR), and recipient and graft survivals. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. EMBASE and MEDLINE databases were searched using algorithms through Ovid. Web of Science collection, BIOSIS, CABI, Korean Journal database, Russian Science Citation Index, and SciELO were searched through Web of Science. Cochrane database was also searched. Risk of bias was assessed using the NHBLI tools. Data analysis was performed using Revman 5.4. Mean difference (MD) and risk ratio (RR) were used in analysis. Results: A total of 5129 studies were identified; 24 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analysed. Female recipients were found to have a significantly lower serum creatinine 1-year-post renal transplantation (MD: −0.24 mg/dL 95%CI: −0.18 to −0.29 p < 0.01) compared to male recipients. No significant difference in survival between male and female recipients nor between Caucasians and Africans was observed (p = 0.08). However, Caucasian recipients had a higher 1-year graft survival compared to African recipients (95% CI 0.52−0.98) with also a lower incidence of DGF (RR = 0.63 p < 0.01) and AR (RR = 0.55 p < 0.01). Recipient obesity (BMI > 30) was found to have no effect on 1-year recipient (p = 0.28) and graft survival (p = 0.93) compared to non-obese recipients although non-obese recipients had a lower rate of DGF (RR = 0.65 p < 0.01) and AR (RR = 0.81 p < 0.01) compared to obese recipients. Conclusions: Gender mismatch between male recipients and female donors has negative impact on graft survival. African ethnicity and obesity do not to influence recipient and graft survival but negatively affect DGF and AR rates.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of hydrocolloid dressings versus other dressings in the healing of pressure ulcers in adults and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele Soares Pott ◽  
Marineli Joaquim Meier ◽  
Janislei Giseli Dorociak Stocco ◽  
Karla Crozeta ◽  
Janyne Dayane Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Retrieval System ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrocolloids in the healing of pressure ulcers in adult and older adult patients.METHOD: systematic review with meta-analysis, based on the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook. The search was undertaken in the databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Cochrane Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science and the Scientific Electronic Library Online.RESULTS: 646 primary studies were identified, 69 were evaluated and nine were selected, referring to the use of the hydrocolloid dressing in healing; of these, four studies allowed meta-analysis. There was no statistically significant difference between the hydrocolloid group and the foams group (p value=0.84; Odds Ratio 1.06, CI 95% 0.61-1.86). A slight superiority of the polyurethane dressings was observed in relation to the hydrocolloid dressings.CONCLUSION: the evidence is not sufficient to affirm whether the efficacy of hydrocolloid dressings is superior to that of other dressings. It is suggested that clinical randomized trials be undertaken so as to ascertain the efficacy of this intervention in the healing of pressure ulcers, in relation to other treatments.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kazeminia ◽  
Nader Salari ◽  
Masoud Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common type of DM and accounts for 90% of the cases. One of the most important complications of type 2 DM is cardiovascular complications, which are the most common cause of mortality in patients with DM. Various studies have reported different incidence rates of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 DM. However, no comprehensive review of previous studies has been done. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. In this review, studies were first extracted searching domestic and international databases including SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI), published between 2001 and September 2019. The random effects model was adopted for the analysis, and heterogeneity of the extracted studies was investigated with the I2 index. The data collected from the extracted studies were analyzed using a comprehensive meta-analysis (Version 2) software. Results. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 DM in Iran in 17 studies with a sample size of 9656 was 37.4% (95% CI: 31.4-43.8). Based on meta-regression, there was a significant difference on the effect of year of conducting the study and sample size with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 DM in Iran (p≤0.001). Conclusion. The results of this study indicated that there was a high prevalence rate of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 DM in Iran. Therefore, appropriate strategies should be taken to improve this situation and trace and supervise it at all levels, providing feedback to hospitals.

scholarly journals The Impact of Calcitriol on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Cumulative Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8882
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Attar ◽  
Mushriq Abid ◽  
Arkadiusz Dziedzic ◽  
Mustafa M. Al-Khatieeb ◽  
Maisa Seppala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Inadequate Sample Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

A cumulative review with a systematic approach aimed to provide a comparison of studies’ investigating the possible impact of the active form of vitamin D3, calcitriol (CTL), on the tooth movement caused by orthodontic forces (OTM) by evaluating the quality of evidence, based on collating current data from animal model studies, in vivo cell culture studies, and human clinical trials. Methods: A strict systematic review protocol was applied following the application of the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). A structured search strategy, including main keywords, was defined during detailed search with the application of electronic database systems: Medline/Pubmed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. In addition, a search was carried out with the use of ClinicalTrials.gov search in order to include ongoing or recently completed trials. The Oxford Level of Evidence and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was utilized to critically evaluate the risk of bias and relative quality of studies included. Meta-analysis with the use of RevMan5 software, random effect, and inverted variable method allowed the quantification of cumulative results. Results: Twenty-seven studies were identified which fulfilled inclusion criteria, including two clinical studies. The assessed level of evidence was variable and inconsistent, predominantly being moderate or low due to a significant difference in study design, sample size, and study protocols. Data synthesis rendered from meta-analysis involving various CTL doses demonstrated slight discrepancies in tooth movement between control and experimental groups (mean difference = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.01–0.53, std mean difference = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.09–0.89), as well as relatively moderate heterogenicity. Conclusions: Although it has been suggested that CTL could accelerate OTM in animal studies and clinical context, these scarce data were supported by a low level of evidence and the studies were carried out using inadequate sample size. Well-powered RCT studies would help to overcome the lack of robustness of the research.

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