scholarly journals Accumulation and Distribution of Natural Gas Reservoir in Volcanic Active Area: A Case Study of the Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation in the Dehui Fault Depression, Songliao Basin, NE China

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Fancheng Zeng ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Changmin Zhang ◽  
Guoyi Zhang ◽  
Jin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Yingcheng Formation ◽  
Pore Types

Tight gas sandstone and volcanic gas reservoirs have received global attention in the energy arena for further exploration and exploitation attempts. Considering the Yingcheng Formation of Dehui fault depression in the Songliao Basin as an example, this study focused on the accumulation and distribution of natural gas reservoirs in volcanic area in a fault depression basin. Volcanic activities occurred in the Yingcheng Formation, which is distributed centrally in the northwest of the study area. During the sedimentation of the Yingcheng Formation, fan-delta, lacustrine, and nearshore subaqueous fan facies were deposited. The source rocks of the Yingcheng Formation have high abundance of organic matter mainly in type III at high-overmature stages, indicating favorable conditions for gas production. The porosity of volcanic reservoir is 3.0%-14.8%, the permeability is 0.0004 mD-2.52 mD, and the pore types are mainly secondary dissolved pores and fractures. Besides, the porosity of the tight sandstone reservoir is 0.5%-11.2%, and the permeability is 0.0008 mD-3.17 mD. The pore types are mainly interparticle pores, with a small proportion of intraparticle pores and microfractures. The intrusion of late volcanic magma provided sufficient heat for the thermal maturity progression of organic matter in Yingcheng Formation and promoted the generation of natural gas in large quantities. Volcanic rocks formed at the early and middle stages of volcanic activities occupied the sedimentary space and hindered the development of sedimentary sand bodies to a certain extent. However, volcanic rocks can become the seal to promote the formation of tight sandstone gas traps. Comparing tight sandstone reservoirs with volcanic ones, the latter are less affected by compaction; thus, their petrophysical properties do not vary much with depth, showing more homogeneous characteristics. The pyroclastic rocks influenced by volcanic activity and the secondary pores formed by dissolution in the later stages also provide reservoir space for gas accumulation. Ultimately, the tight sandstone and volcanic rocks in the study area form a complex gas reservoir system, which can become a reference for exploration and exploitation of natural gas in other petroliferous fault depressions that are affected by volcanisms.

Analysis of the Accumulation Conditions for Volcanic Gas Reservoirs: A Case from Deep Yingcheng Formation, Southern Part of Songliao Basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Wei Chao Tian
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Volcanic Gas ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Yingcheng Formation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Reservoir Conditions

Volcanic gas reservoir in deep Southern Songliao Basin has became source for incremental oil and reserves. Due to the low degree of exploration, study on the accumulation condition for volcanic gas reservoir is insufficient, to some extent, influencing the effectiveness of exploration. In this paper, the accumulation conditions for volcanic gas reservoir have been analyzed systematically including the source rock conditions, reservoir conditions, sealing conditions, conducting conditions and trap conditions. The study results show that large-scale coal-bearing strata in Shahezi Formation can provide sufficient gas for volcanic gas reservoir: the fracture systems in deep volcanic rocks can communicate with the earlier developed pores, fractures and caves, forming good reservoir and flow space; It contains multiple rock types with good preservation condition, the mudstone in first member of Quan Formation is better regional seal. Mudstone in third and fourth member of Denglouku Formation and Shahezi Formation are favorable local seals, with good seal capability for volcanic rocks gas accumulation in Yingcheng Formation. ontains three types of transporting pathways: permeable formation, unconformity and fault.

scholarly journals Geochemical analysis and origin of gas in volcanic reservoirs in the Songliao Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhen Tao ◽  
Changwei Li ◽  
Weijiao Ma ◽  
Deliang Liu ◽  
Jingkui Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Volcanic Reservoirs

Volcanic reservoirs are extensive in the Songliao Basin and mainly include intermediate-basic rocks in the northern part, intermediate-acidic rocks in Xujiaweizi in the southern part, and acidic rocks in the Jinglin block. The natural gas in the volcanic reservoirs of the Songliao Basin has a wide range of compositions, with alkanes being dominant in most cases, although carbon dioxide is dominant in some wells. Generally, the gas in the volcanic rocks near deep faults has high contents of carbon dioxide, whereas the natural gas in volcanic rocks far from faults has low carbon dioxide contents. The gas in the volcanic reservoirs is of multiple origins, including abiogenic gas of probable mantle origin (generally found in wells with high carbon dioxide contents) and organic gas mainly derived from organic matter in the basin. The abiogenic alkanes have δ13C values in the order of δ13C1 > δ13C2 > δ13C3 > δ13C4, which is opposite that of alkanes of organic origin. The 3He/4He ratios of the fluid inclusions from the volcanic reservoirs range from 0.286 × 10−6 to 7.33 × 10−6, with an average of 2.48 × 10−6, and the R/Ra ratios range from 0.26 to 5.24, with most values being greater than 1.0, indicating mixed origins of noble gases from the crust and the mantle. The gas in fluid inclusions from the volcanic reservoirs has δ13C1 values ranging from −17.1 to −28.7‰ (PDB), δ13C2 values ranging from −23.4 to −32.4‰ (mostly approximately −25‰), and δ13Cco2 values ranging from −10.97 to −21.73‰, which are significantly different from the isotopic compositions of the gas in the present reservoirs, suggesting that some abiogenic alkanes may have been charged into the reservoirs during the geologic history of the basin. The early charged CO2 is mainly organic in origin, while the abiogenic CO2 was charged during the main accumulation period, producing a mix of origins for the gas in the volcanic reservoirs of the Songliao Basin. The abiogenic alkanes, He, and CO2 in the natural gas indicate the addition of some abiogenic gas to the gas. According to the relationship between the distribution and attitude of volcanic rocks and faults, we found that the abiogenic gas reservoirs are located near fault zones, whereas the organic and mixed gas reservoirs are located far from fault zones. The geochemical study of natural gas is helpful in determining the origin and spatial distribution patterns of gas in deep volcanic reservoirs and for directing further gas exploration in the Songliao Basin.

scholarly journals Reservoir characteristics in the Cretaceous volcanic rocks of Songliao Basin, China: A case of dynamics and evolution of the volcano-porosity and diagenesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Sun ◽  
Dakang Zhong ◽  
Weijia Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Pyroclastic Rock ◽  
Rock Composition ◽  
Volcanic Tuff ◽  
Volcanic Breccia ◽  
Pore Evolution ◽  
Diagenetic Evolution ◽  
Pore Types ◽  
Volcanic Reservoirs

To explain the strong spatial heterogeneity of volcanic reservoirs porosity in the Songliao Basin and provide new ideas for predicting good volcanic reservoirs in other similar basins, the relationship between the pore evolution process and lithology of volcanic reservoirs has been described in this article. With the description and interpretation of core, thin section, scanning electron microscope, and the results of mercury injection experiment, this article clarifies the lithology, pore types, and pore structure features of the volcanic reservoirs in the Songliao Basin. The rocks of volcanic reservoirs in study area contain pyroclastic rock and volcanic lavas. The most common lithologies are rhyolite, volcanic breccia, and volcanic tuff. The pore size, morphology, and structure vary greatly between these three lithologies, the reason of which we think is the different volcanic eruption process as well as rock composition and its structure. The digenetic evolution of rhyolite includes gas dissipation of magmatic condensation; vesicles fulfilling by hydrothermal fluid; kaolinization and sericitization of feldspar phenocrysts; carbonation, devitrification, and recrystallization of felsic matrix; and finally, the dissolution of feldspar phenocrysts and felsic matrix. As for volcanic breccia, it usually go through the compaction, quartz and calcite filling the original pores between volcanic breccias, and dissolution of mineral debris together with tuff matrix. Similar with the rhyolite, volcanic tuff also undergoes the carbonation and kaolinization of felsic matrix, the dissolution of feldspar and felsic matrix, and compaction. Due to these comprehensive processes, a comprehensive analysis of volcanic rock lithology, which can indicate lithology distribution vertically and horizontally, is very necessary during volcanic reservoirs evaluation and prediction. These detailed analyses will help explorers to find potential reservoirs by distinguishing the diagenetic evolution and pore characteristic of volcanic reservoirs.

Economic Comparison of Alternatives for a Stranded Offshore Gas Reservoir

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (08) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Chris Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Pricing Models ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Pipe Length ◽  
Offshore Technology ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
Natural Gas Industry

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30732, “Economic Feasibility Study of Several Usage Alternatives for a Stranded Offshore Gas Reservoir,” by Khoi Viet Trinh, SPE, and Rouzbeh G. Moghanloo, SPE, University of Oklahoma, prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4–7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. This paper compares economics of a floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) project with those of an onshore LNG plant and gas-to-wire (GTW) processes. Sensitivity analyses and tornado charts are used to evaluate the importance of various uncertain parameters associated with FLNG construction and operation. This study will be helpful for future considerations in using FLNG to convert offshore gas reservoirs previously considered stranded into economically viable resources. The results from this economic model can play a key role in the future of the natural gas industry and energy market in West Africa. Assumptions Before presenting different economic scenarios, the following assumptions must be established: * The pipeline will have the correct diameter, pressure rating, and metallurgy to transport produced gas. Only the pipe length will be considered a variable. * Operating expenses (OPEX) of both onshore LNG and FLNG will be the same. Realistically, however, OPEX of FLNG will be different from that of onshore LNG. * A subsidy from the Nigerian government has been obtained for the onshore LNG plant. * The electricity price is assumed to be $0.25/kWh. * An assumed upstream cost of $2/Mscf to cover onshore LNG gas pretreatment is assumed. * The onshore LNG plant and FLNG will have the same lifespan. However, in reality, availability of FLNG can be lower than that of onshore LNG. Pricing Models FNLG. Because of the relative recency of FNLG, few pricing models have been readily available. For the complete paper, Shell’s Prelude project is the basis for pricing of FLNG. Prelude costs averaged out to approximately $14 billion, which will be used as the cost of the facility for the FLNG scenario in the economic analysis.

Analysis of Tight Gas Reservoir Forming Condition in Gulong-Changjiaweizi Region, Northern Songliao Basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 2478-2483
Author(s):  
Xue Juan Zhang ◽  
Shuang Fang Lu ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Tight Gas ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Gas Accumulation ◽  
Gas Source ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Tight Gas Reservoir ◽  
Sandstone Reservoir

This paper makes systematic analysis of geological factors of natural gas accumulation in Denglouku formation of Gulong-Changjiaweizi region, including reservoir characteristics, gas source condition, source-reservoir relationship, structural condition, etc. It turned out that K1d2 in Gulong-Changjiaweizi region is generally typical tight sandstone reservoir with low porosity and permeability due to the poor physical properties. The gas source rock of K1d2 formation has larger gas producing capacity.The relationship between source rock and reservoir shows as interbed interfinger or directly contiguity contact, which is beneficial for large-area gas accumulation. The gas generation area of source rock in this region is always in the center and slow downdip direction of Gulong depression with a smaller dip angle on the adjacent tight sandstone reservoir, where faults are rare. The result of comprehensive analysis shows that K1d2 formation in Nothern Songliao Basin and its neighboring layers could be considered as a favorable target of the tight gas reservoir study in Northern Songliao Basin due to its favorable geological conditions of deep basin tight gas reservoir generation, such as tight reservoir, sufficient gas source, communicating source-reservoir relationship and constant flattened structure.

Spatial and temporal distributions of the late Mesozoic volcanic successions and their controlling effects on the Changling fault depression of the Songliao Basin, northeast China

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1194-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Chang ◽  
Xuanlong Shan ◽  
Jian Yi ◽  
Tiantian Du ◽  
Yue Qu
Keyword(s):  
Partial Melting ◽  
Fractional Crystallization ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Basic Magma ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Late Mesozoic ◽  
Yingcheng Formation ◽  
Well Data

Volcanic successions, including their spatial, temporal, tectonic, and geochemical attributes, were identified based on well data, 2D and 3D seismic data, U–Pb isotopic ages, and major and trace element data from the Changling fault depression of the Songliao Basin in northeastern China. Three eruption cycles developed in the Changling fault depression: K1h (Huoshiling Formation) (124–118 Ma), K1yc1 (first member of the Yingcheng Formation) (115–106 Ma), and K1yc3 (third member of the Yingcheng Formation) (106–102 Ma). These three eruption cycles comprised seven eruption stages. The volcanic successions in every eruption cycle were bimodal and evolved from basic to acidic. The magma of the basic and intermediate rocks in these cycles was derived from partial melting of the asthenosphere. In K1yc1 and K1yc3, partial melting of the newly formed basic rocks in the lower crust formed the high-SiO2 acidic magma. In addition, fractional crystallization of basic magma formed the small-scale intermediate–acidic magma. In K1h, the most likely origin of the acidic magma was fractional crystallization of basic magma. During the early stage of the fault depression, the volcanic rocks of K1h were controlled primarily by the boundary fault activity. In K1yc1 and K1yc3, basic–intermediate rocks were distributed widely along syngenetic faults, and acidic rocks were concentrated in areas where the syngenetic faults had their largest amplitudes. Multiple cycles and stages of the volcanic successions were controlled by magmatic evolution, and the spatial distribution was controlled by basin tectonics.

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