scholarly journals Effects of Diode, CO2, Er : YAG, and Er and Cr : YSGG on Titanium Implant Surfaces by Scanning Electron Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amir Moeintaghavi ◽  
Hossein Bagheri ◽  
Mahdie Yavari Pour ◽  
Shervin Shafiei ◽  
Hamidreza Moslemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Profile Area ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Surface Changes

This study aimed to determine the effects of various lasers on dental implants’ surface characteristics. Nine explanted dental implants were included. Two implants were randomly allocated to four intervention groups, namely, diode (2 W, 810 nm, 10 s), CO2 (2 W, 10600 nm, 10 s), Er : YAG (200 mJ/20 Hz, 2940 nm, 10 s), and Er, Cr : YSGG (200 mJ/20 Hz, 2780 nm, 10 s) groups and one control group. After laser irradiation, all implants were imaged with scanning electron microscopy. Qualitative changes on the surface of implants were evaluated. Quantitative surface changes at the threads and between the threads were assessed by software using depression and prominence plots. The paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Diode laser irradiation showed the least surface changes while the Er : YAG group showed the greatest surface changes. Furthermore, CO2 and Er : YAG laser irradiation significantly altered the mean profile area at the threads ( p < 0.05 ), while CO2 and Er, Cr : YSGG laser irradiation significantly altered the mean profile area between the threads ( p < 0.05 ). Diode laser irradiation does not alter the implant surface characteristics. However, the use of CO2, Er : YAG, and Er, Cr : YSGG lasers on titanium implant surfaces is discouraged as they damage the titanium implant surfaces.

scholarly journals Apical microleakage and SEM analysis of dentin surface after 980 nm diode laser irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel Anastácio Faria ◽  
Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel ◽  
Edson Alfredo ◽  
Danielle Cristine Furtado Messias ◽  
Yara Teresinha Correa Silva-Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Apical Leakage ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study evaluated the effect of 980-nm diode laser on apical microleakage and intraradicular dentin morphology. Roots of 110 mandibular incisors were used in the study: 92 for microleakage test and 18 for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Roots were randomly assigned to 3 groups according to the irrigating solution (water, NaOCl and NaOCl/EDTA) and were divided into 3 subgroups according to the laser irradiation protocol (without irradiation, irradiated at 1.5 W and irradiated at 3.0 W). Two specimens of each subgroup were prepared for SEM. The remaining roots were filled with AH Plus and gutta-percha. Apical leakage was assessed by ink penetration and data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey-Krammer test (α=0.05). SEM analysis showed intensification of changes with increase of laser power as well as variations according to the irrigating solution. Modified smear layer was observed in specimens treated with water and irradiated with laser. Roots irrigated with NaOCl/EDTA had lower levels of infiltration (0.17 ± 0.18 mm) differing significantly (p<0.05) from those of roots irrigated with water (0.34 ± 0.30 mm), but similar (p>0.05) to those irrigated with NaOCl (0.28 ± 0.29 mm). Non-irradiated roots had lower levels of infiltration (0.10 ± 0.14 mm), differing (p<0.05) from those irradiated at 1.5 W (0.32 ± 0.22 mm) and 3.0 W (0.37 ± 0.32 mm). The 980 nm diode laser modified dentin morphology and increased apical microleakage.

Forensic Identifications Aided by Scanning Electron Microscopy of Silicone-Epoxy Microreplicas of Calcified and Cornified Structures

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 678-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Sognnaes
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Extended Application ◽  
Tissue Surfaces ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Surface Changes

Sufficient experience has been gained during the past five years to suggest an extended application of microreplication and scanning electron microscopy to problems of forensic science. The author's research was originally initiated with a view to develop a non-destructive method for identification of materials that went into objects of art, notably ivory and ivories. This was followed by a very specific application to the identification and duplication of the kinds of materials from animal teeth and tusks which two centuries ago went into the fabrication of the ivory dentures of George Washington. Subsequently it became apparent that a similar method of microreplication and SEM examination offered promise for a whole series of problems pertinent to art, technology and science. Furthermore, what began primarily as an application to solid substances has turned out to be similarly applicable to soft tissue surfaces such as mucous membranes and skin, even in cases of acute, chronic and precancerous epithelial surface changes, and to post-mortem identification of specific structures pertinent to forensic science.

scholarly journals The force effects of two types of polyethylene terephthalate glyc-olmodified clear aligners immersed in artificial saliva

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Xiang ◽  
Xingxing Wang ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Yichen Xu ◽  
Menghan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Orthodontic Force ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractNumerous factors can influence the force exerted by clear aligners on teeth. This study aimed to investigate the stability of the force delivered by two different material appliances. 90 clear aligners with 2 materials and three different activations were designed and fabricated. Then, a device was employed to measure the force generated by the two types of PET-G material appliances immersed in artificial saliva for 0, 3, 7, 10, 14 days. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to observe the morphologic alterations on the aligner surfaces, respectively. The forces generated by different activation appliance exhibited differently, 0.0 mm < 0.1 mm < 0.2 mm. In addition, increasing the immersion times and the orthodontic force also decreased, but the forces decreased differently. Compared with the forces of conventional PETG appliances with 0.20 mm activation, the modified PETG appliances with the same activation exhibited significantly higher mean force. When comparing the mean force for modified PETG appliances after 10 and 14 days with conventional PETG appliances, the delivery forces exhibited significant differences (P < 0.05). The force delivered by both materials decreased obviously following artificial saliva immersion, and the force generated by modified aligners exhibited better stability than conventional aligners.

Laser micromachining of Al2O3−TiC ceramics

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3206-3209 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Oliveira ◽  
R. Vilar ◽  
O. Conde ◽  
P. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Stationary Regime ◽  
Strong Variation ◽  
Irradiation Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Al2O3−34 wt.% TiC ceramics have been machined with a KrF (248 nm) excimer laser under normal atmosphere. In the initial steps of the irradiation process both the roughness and the removal rate present a strong variation with the number of pulses. After approximately 200 pulses the process reaches a stationary regime where the roughness and the removal rate become constant. Characterization of the machined areas by scanning electron microscopy showed that the variations in roughness and removal rate are related to the evolution of the surface topography of the samples. Also, as a consequence of laser irradiation, TiC and Al2O3 are partially transformed into TiO2, TiC0.7N0.3, and an Al–Ti solid solution.

scholarly journals Penetration of Different Impression Materials into Exposed Dentinal Tubules during the Impression Procedure

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Sinjari ◽  
Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽  
Edit Xhajanka ◽  
Sergio Caputi ◽  
Giuseppe Varvara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scanning Electron

Adhesive restorations have been shown to guarantee excellent performance and longevity, although this comes with some disadvantages. Among these, the vulnerability of dentine to different agents has been widely evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible penetration of impression materials into freshly cut dentine. Dentine from 27 teeth was impressed with polyether (Impregum Penta L) (nine teeth) and with polyvinyl siloxane (Aquasil Ultra LV) (nine teeth). The surface of nine teeth after the impressions were used as the control. Specifically, the extroflections caused by the imprinting of the dentinal tubules on the impression material, the so-called impression tags, were measured. Furthermore, the presence of the material inside the tubules was examined. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed material tags for all of the experimental groups. The mean lengths (±SD) were 22.6 (±11.0) µm for polyether, 21.8 (±12.8) µm for polyvinyl siloxane and 11.3 (±7.0) µm for the tooth control, with mean diameters (±SD) of 2.8 (±0.5), 2.4 (±0.7) and 3.1 (±0.7) µm, respectively. Fractal analysis showed fractal dimensions of 1.78 (±0.03), 1.77 (±0.03) and 1.71 (±0.03), respectively. These data demonstrated that the impression materials can remain inside the dentinal tubules, which can adversely affect the adhesive procedures.

scholarly journals Viability of Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum Conidia on Exoskeletons of Three Coleopteran Species

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1085-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Stewart ◽  
S. Halik ◽  
D. R. Bergdahl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vector Potential ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Juglans Cinerea ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Butternut Canker

Butternut canker, caused by Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum, is the primary cause of decline of butternut (Juglans cinerea). Conidia of the fungus have been isolated from several insect species. The vector potential of three species of Coleoptera, Astylopsis macula, Eubulus parochus, and Glischrochilus sanguinolentus, was studied during 2001 and 2002. Beetles were collected, rinsed, and artificially inoculated with conidia. All three species carried viable conidia up to 16 days. The mean number of conidia carried per beetle in 2001 was as follows: 3.21 million at 0 h to 11,371 at 384 h for A. macula; 3.91 million at 0 h to 57 at 384 h for E. parochus; and 355,742 at 0 h to 314 at 384 h for G. sanguinolentus. In 2002, the numbers were: 1.42 million at 0 h to 2,814 at 384 h for A. macula; 1.29 million at 0 h to 85 at 384 h for E. parochus; and 72,342 at 0 h to 0 at 192 h for G. sanguinolentus. Using scanning electron microscopy, conidia were observed on the abdomen, thorax, and legs of artificially inoculated individuals of each species and on the thorax and abdomen of field-collected A. macula and E. parochus. These data suggest that all three species are potential vectors of S. clavigignenti-juglandacearum; however, A. macula and E. parochus may be more effective vectors.

THE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY OF QUARTZ IN SELECTED SOILS FROM ALBERTA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. W. BLACK ◽  
M. J. DUDAS
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Physical Weathering ◽  
Silica Precipitation ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study compared the surface morphology of quartz grains from A and C horizons of a Chernozem, Luvisol and a Solonetz. Observations and chemical determinations were based on scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis of fine sand separates. Features indicative of glacial and eolian transport, physical weathering by low energy subaqueous impact, and chemical dissolution and silica precipitation dominated surface characteristics. Most surface morphological features were of an inherited origin since they were common to solum and parent material samples. Quartz dissolution features were not uniquely associated with solum samples and apparently not of pedogenic origin. Key words: Scanning electron microscopy, quartz, pedogenesis, surface morphology, weathering classification

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