scholarly journals Regulation of Laminaria Polysaccharides with Different Degrees of Sulfation during the Growth of Calcium Oxalate Crystals and their Protective Effects on Renal Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Wei-Bo Huang ◽  
Guo-Jun Zou ◽  
Gu-Hua Tang ◽  
Xin-Yuan Sun ◽  
Jian-Ming Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Caox Crystal ◽  
Nmr Techniques ◽  
Ft Ir

The original Laminaria polysaccharide (LP0) was sulfated using the sulfur trioxide-pyridine method, and four sulfated Laminaria polysaccharides (SLPs) were obtained, namely, SLP1, SLP2, SLP3, and SLP4. The sulfated (–OSO3–) contents were 8.58%, 15.1%, 22.8%, and 31.3%, respectively. The structures of the polysaccharides were characterized using a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. SLPs showed better antioxidant activity than LP0, increased the concentration of soluble Ca2+ in the solution, reduced the amount of CaOx precipitation and degree of CaOx crystal aggregation, induced COD crystal formation, and protected HK-2 cells from damage caused by nanometer calcium oxalate crystals. These effects can inhibit the formation of CaOx kidney stones. The biological activity of the polysaccharides increased with the content of –OSO3−, that is, the biological activities of the polysaccharides had the following order: LP0 < SLP1 < SLP2 < SLP3 < SLP4. These results reveal that SLPs with high –OSO3− contents are potential drugs for effectively inhibiting the formation of CaOx stones.

cDNA macroarray analysis of genes in renal epithelial cells exposed to calcium oxalate crystals

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhito Miyazawa ◽  
Kinue Aihara ◽  
Ryosuke Ikeda ◽  
Manabu T. Moriyama ◽  
Koji Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cdna Macroarray ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Macroarray Analysis

Urate Does Not Influence the Formation of Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Whole Human Urine at pH 5·3

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Hallson ◽  
G. A. Rose ◽  
S. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Quantitative Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stones ◽  
Oxalate Crystals

1. Samples of fresh human urine were treated with immobilized uricase to lower urate concentration. Urate was added to yield low, normal and high urate samples. 2. Each sample was rapidly evaporated at pH 5.3 to standard osmolality and the yield of calcium oxalate crystals measured either by semi-quantitative microscopy or fully quantitative radioisotope techniques. 3. Increase of urinary urate did not increase the calcium oxalate crystals formed and may even have had an opposite effect. 4. Allantoin was without significant effect upon calcium oxalate crystal formation. 5. These data provide no support for the suggestion that reducing urate concentrations in the urine may be of value in treatment of patients with calcium oxalate stones.

Cyclooxygenase 2 and prostaglandin E2regulate the attachment of calcium oxalate crystals to renal epithelial cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 936-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhito Miyazawa ◽  
Yoshitaka Takahashi ◽  
Nobuyo Morita ◽  
Manabu T Moriyama ◽  
Takeo Kosaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oxalate Crystals

Calcium oxalate crystal formation in a species of Hyphoderma (basidiomycetes)

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
H. J. Arnott ◽  
K. D. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Fungal Hyphae

Calcium oxalate crystals are often found in association with fungal hyphae. In examining leaf litter samples with the use of scanning electron microscopy, Graustein et al. demonstrated that hyphae of some basidiomycetes are often encrusted with conspicuous calcium oxalate deposits and postulated that these crystals were formed when oxalate released by the fungus precipitated with free calcium ions in the environment. Studies by Arnott and Arnott and Webb, however, showed that at least some calcium oxalate crystals produced by these fungi arose within the fungal cell wall. These studies revealed that the crystals were enclosed within a thin layer of wall material during development, and it was hypothesized that the growth of the crystals is under direct control of the fungal cell.

Inclusion of proteins into calcium oxalate crystals precipitated from human urine: a highly selective phenomenon

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1589-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
I R Doyle ◽  
R L Ryall ◽  
V R Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract The abundance of protein in the matrix of calcium oxalate uroliths has fueled speculation regarding its role in stone genesis. In this study, we wanted to characterize the composition of the proteins associated with early stages of calcium oxalate crystallization in urine. Calcium oxalate crystallization was induced in urine from healthy men and women by the addition of an oxalate load. The crystals were harvested and demineralized, and the proteins remaining were separated and characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. Most urinary proteins were not detected in the crystals or were present in only small quantities. The most abundant urinary macromolecule, Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, was notably absent from the crystal extracts. The predominant protein associated with the crystals, a previously unknown urinary constituent that we call crystal matrix protein (CMP; molecular mass, 30,000 Da), was more prevalent in the crystals derived from female urine. We conclude that most urinary proteins play no direct role in calcium oxalate crystal formation. However, the protein CMP exhibits a remarkable affinity for calcium oxalate crystals and may be important in stone pathogenesis.

Matrix Modulates Uptake of Calcium Oxalate Crystals and Cell Growth of Renal Epithelial Cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Goswami ◽  
Pravin C. Singhal ◽  
John D. Wagner ◽  
Morton Urivetzky ◽  
Elsa Valderrama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oxalate Crystals
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