scholarly journals Natural Killer T (NKT) Cells and Periodontitis: Potential Regulatory Role of NKT10 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez ◽  
Emilio A. Cafferata ◽  
Nicolás I. Díaz ◽  
Miguel A. Peña ◽  
Luis González-Osuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Th17 Lymphocytes ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Potential Regulatory Role ◽  
Natural Killer T

Natural killer T (NKT) cells constitute a unique subset of T lymphocytes characterized by specifically interacting with antigenic glycolipids conjugated to the CD1d receptor on antigen-presenting cells. Functionally, NKT cells are capable of performing either effector or suppressor immune responses, depending on their production of proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Effector NKT cells are subdivided into three subsets, termed NKT1, NKT2, and NKT17, based on the cytokines they produce and their similarity to the cytokine profile produced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocytes, respectively. Recently, a new subgroup of NKT cells termed NKT10 has been described, which cooperates and interacts with other immune cells to promote immunoregulatory responses. Although the tissue-specific functions of NKT cells have not been fully elucidated, their activity has been associated with the pathogenesis of different inflammatory diseases with immunopathogenic similarities to periodontitis, including osteolytic pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. In the present review, we revise and discuss the pathogenic characteristics of NKT cells in these diseases and their role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis; particularly, we analyze the potential regulatory role of the IL-10-producing NKT10 cells.

Role of NKT cells in the digestive system. IV. The role of canonical natural killer T cells in mucosal immunity and inflammation

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. G1-G8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Wingender ◽  
Mitchell Kronenberg
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Mucosal Tissues ◽  
And Function ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Killer T Cells ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Natural Killer T

Lymphocytes that combine features of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells are named natural killer T (NKT) cells. The majority of NKT cells in mice bear highly conserved invariant Vα chains, and to date two populations of such canonical NKT cells are known in mice: those that express Vα14 and those that express Vα7.2. Both populations are selected by nonpolymorphic major histocompatibility complex class I-like antigen-presenting molecules expressed by hematopoietic cells in the thymus: CD1d for Vα14-expressing NKT cells and MR1 for those cells expressing Vα7.2. The more intensely studied Vα14 NKT cells have been implicated in diverse immune reactions, including immune regulation and inflammation in the intestine; the Vα7.2 expressing cells are most frequently found in the lamina propria. In humans, populations of canonical NKT cells are found to be highly similar in terms of the expression of homologous, invariant T cell antigen-receptor α-chains, specificity, and function, although their frequency differs from those in the mouse. In this review, we will focus on the role of both of these canonical NKT cell populations in the mucosal tissues of the intestine.

scholarly journals Natural Killer Dendritic Cells Enhance Immune Responses Elicited byα-Galactosylceramide-Stimulated Natural Killer T Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Won Lee ◽  
Hyun Jung Park ◽  
Nayoung Kim ◽  
Seokmann Hong
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cells ◽  
Natural Killer T

Natural killer dendritic cells (NKDCs) possess potent anti-tumor activity, but the cellular effect of NKDC interactions with other innate immune cells is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the interaction of NKDCs and natural killer T (NKT) cells is required for the anti-tumor immune responses that are elicited byα-galactosylceramide (α-GC) in mice. The rapid and strong expression of interferon-γby NKDCs afterα-GC stimulation was dependent on NKT cells. Various NK and DC molecular markers and cytotoxic molecules were up-regulated followingα-GC administration. This up-regulation could improve NKDC presentation of tumor antigens and increase cytotoxicity against tumor cells. NKDCs were required for the stimulation of DCs, NK cells, and NKT cells. The strong anti-tumor immune responses elicited byα-GC may be due to the down-regulation of regulatory T cells. Furthermore, the depletion of NKDCs dampened the tumor clearance mediated byα-GC-stimulated NKT cellsin vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that complex interactions of innate immune cells might be required to achieve optimal anti-tumor immune responses during the early stages of tumorigenesis.

Participatory role of natural killer and natural killer T cells in atherosclerosis: lessons learned from in vivo mouse studiesThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled Young Investigator's Forum.

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart C. Whitman ◽  
Tanya A. Ramsamy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Natural Killer T

Atherosclerosis is a multifactor, highly complex disease with numerous aetiologies that work synergistically to promote lesion development. One of the emerging components that drive the development of both early- and late-stage atherosclerotic lesions is the participation of both the innate and acquired immune systems. In both humans and animal models of atherosclerosis, the most prominent cells that infiltrate evolving lesions are macrophages and T lymphocytes. The functional loss of either of these cell types reduces the extent of atherosclerosis in mice that were rendered susceptible to the disease by deficiency of either apolipoprotein E or the LDL (low density lipoprotein) receptor. In addition to these major immune cell participants, a number of less prominent leukocyte populations that can modulate the atherogenic process are also involved. This review will focus on the participatory role of two “less prominent” immune components, namely natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells. Although this review will highlight the fact that both NK and NKT cells are not sufficient for causing the disease, the roles played by both these cells types are becoming increasingly important in understanding the complexity of this disease process.

scholarly journals Natural Killer T Cells in Various Mouse Models of Hepatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jun Guan ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Jingwen Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Liver Injuries ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Natural Killer T

Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a key component of innate immunity. Importantly, a growing body of evidence indicates that NKT cells play an integral role in various acute and chronic liver injuries. NKT cells participate in the progression of an injury through the secretion of cytokines, which promote neutrophil infiltration and enhance Fas ligand (FasL) and granzyme-mediated NKT cytotoxic activity. Therefore, examining the role of NKT cells in hepatic disease is critical for a comprehensive understanding of disease pathogenesis and may provide insight into novel approaches for treatment. For more than a century, mouse models that imitate the physiopathological conditions of human disease have served as a critical tool in biological and medical basic research, including studies of liver disease. Here, we review the role of NKT cells in various mouse models of hepatitis.

scholarly journals Regulatory Role of Natural Killer T Cells in Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Lehuen ◽  
Celine Tard ◽  
Ophelie Rouxel
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Natural Killer T Cells ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Killer T Cells ◽  
Natural Killer T

scholarly journals Role of Natural Killer T (NKT) Cells in Type II Diabetes-Induced Vascular Injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 8322-8332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Lv ◽  
Yun Gao ◽  
Tantan Dong ◽  
Libo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Vascular Injuries ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Natural Killer T

scholarly journals Identification and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of CD1d-Restricted Macaque Natural Killer T Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (14) ◽  
pp. 8153-8158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Motsinger ◽  
Agnes Azimzadeh ◽  
Aleksandar K. Stanic ◽  
R. Paul Johnson ◽  
Luc Van Kaer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Siv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Natural Killer T

ABSTRACT Natural killer T (NKT) cells express a highly conserved T-cell receptor (TCR) and recognize glycolipids in the context of CD1d molecules. We recently demonstrated that CD4+ NKT cells are highly susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and are selectively depleted in HIV-infected individuals. Here, we identified macaque NKT cells using CD1d tetramers and human Vα24 antibodies. Similar to human NKT cells, α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer)-pulsed dendritic cells activate and expand macaque NKT cells. Upon restimulation with α-GalCer-pulsed CD1d+ cells, macaque NKT cells secreted high levels of cytokines, a characteristic of these T cells. Remarkably, the majority of resting and activated macaque NKT cells expressed CD8, and a smaller portion expressed CD4. Macaque NKT cells also expressed the HIV-1/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) coreceptor CCR5, and the CD4+ subset was susceptible to SIV infection. Identification of macaque NKT cells has major implications for delineating the role of these cells in nonhuman primate disease models of HIV as well as other pathological conditions, such as allograft rejection and autoimmunity.

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