scholarly journals Ultrafiltration Extract of Radix Angelica Sinensis and Radix Hedysari Attenuates Risk of Low-Dose X-Ray Radiation-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Juan Chang ◽  
Chengxu Ma ◽  
Huan Guo ◽  
Haiqiong Ran ◽  
Guolian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Angelica Sinensis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

The risk of radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) is a growing concern since recent advances in radiation therapy (RT) for cancer treatments have significantly improved the number of survivors. Radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis (RIMF) is the final pathological condition of RIHD and main change leading to serious cardiovascular complications following RT. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrafiltration extract of Radix Angelica Sinensis and Radix Hedysari (RAS-RH) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of cardiac fibroblasts after X-irradiation in vitro. The RAS-RH extract was from the Danggui Buxue decoction (DBD) in TCM. Primary cardiac fibroblasts were irradiated with 1 Gy X-ray to evaluate the effect of RAS-RH on the expression levels of cell proliferation, apoptosis, ROS, and fibrotic molecules. Our data demonstrated that X-irradiation at 1 Gy resulted in the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts; RAS-RH attenuated the myocardial fibrosis. Furthermore, X-ray radiation reduced the apoptosis of cardiac fibroblasts; RAS-RH accelerated the apoptosis of these cells after irradiation. In addition, the damage driven by ROS in primary cardiac fibroblasts after irradiation was weakened by RAS-RH and the expression of TGF-β1, Col1, and α-SMA increased after irradiation; RAS-RH decreased the expression of these makers. Overall, these data indicate that low-dose X-ray irradiation boosts myocardial fibrosis, and the effect of RAS-RH protects against fibrosis via attenuating the proliferation and accelerating the apoptosis of myocardial fibroblasts after X-irradiation.

scholarly journals Radix Angelica Sinensis and Radix Hedysari Ultrafiltration Extract Protects against X-Irradiation-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chengxu Ma ◽  
Xinke Zhao ◽  
Juan Chang ◽  
Huan Guo ◽  
Huiping Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Angelica Sinensis ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
Danggui Buxue Decoction

Radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis (RIMF) is the main pathological change associated with radiation-induced heart toxicity after radiation therapy in patients with thoracic tumors. There is an antifibrosis effect of Radix Angelica Sinensis and Radix Hedysari (RAS-RH) ultrafiltration extract from Danggui Buxue decoction (DBD) in X-irradiation-induced rat myocardial fibrosis, and this study aimed to investigate whether that effect correlated with apoptosis and oxidative stress damage in primary rat cardiac fibroblasts; further, the potential mechanisms were also explored. In this study, we first found that the RAS-RH antifibrosis effect was associated with the upregulation of microRNA-200a and the downregulation of TGF-β1/smad3 and COL1α. In addition, we also found that the antifibrosis effect of RAS-RH was related to the induction of apoptosis in primary rat cardiac fibroblasts and to the prevention of damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, primary rat cardiac fibroblasts exposed to X-ray radiation underwent apoptosis less frequently in the absence of RAS-RH. Therefore, RAS-RH has the ability to protect against fibrosis, which could be occurring through the induction of apoptosis and the resistance to oxidative stress in rats with X-irradiation-induced myocardial fibrosis; thus, in a model of RIMF, RAS-RH acts against X-irradiation-induced cardiac toxicity.

scholarly journals Myocardial fibrosis reversion via rhACE2-electrospun fibrous patch for ventricular remodeling prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeping Qiu ◽  
Jingwen Zhao ◽  
Fanyi Huang ◽  
Luhan Bao ◽  
Yanjia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Intramyocardial Injection ◽  
Undesirable Consequence ◽  
Adverse Remodeling

AbstractMyocardial fibrosis and ventricular remodeling were the key pathology factors causing undesirable consequence after myocardial infarction. However, an efficient therapeutic method remains unclear, partly due to difficulty in continuously preventing neurohormonal overactivation and potential disadvantages of cell therapy for clinical practice. In this study, a rhACE2-electrospun fibrous patch with sustained releasing of rhACE2 to shape an induction transformation niche in situ was introduced, through micro-sol electrospinning technologies. A durable releasing pattern of rhACE2 encapsulated in hyaluronic acid (HA)—poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) core-shell structure was observed. By multiple in vitro studies, the rhACE2 patch demonstrated effectiveness in reducing cardiomyocytes apoptosis under hypoxia stress and inhibiting cardiac fibroblasts proliferation, which gave evidence for its in vivo efficacy. For striking mice myocardial infarction experiments, a successful prevention of adverse ventricular remodeling has been demonstrated, reflecting by improved ejection fraction, normal ventricle structure and less fibrosis. The rhACE2 patch niche showed clear superiority in long term function and structure preservation after ischemia compared with intramyocardial injection. Thus, the micro-sol electrospun rhACE2 fibrous patch niche was proved to be efficient, cost-effective and easy-to-use in preventing ventricular adverse remodeling.

Activated human N-ras oncogene enhances x-irradiation repair of mammalian cells in vitro less effectively at low dose rate

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. FitzGerald ◽  
C. Daugherty ◽  
K. Kase ◽  
L. A. Rothstein ◽  
M. McKenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ras Oncogene ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
X Irradiation

Mouse one-cell embryos undergoing a radiation-induced G2 arrest may re-enter S-phase in the absence of cytokinesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Jacquet ◽  
J Buset ◽  
J Vankerkom ◽  
S Baatout ◽  
L de Saint-Georges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calyculin A ◽  
Embryonic Cells ◽  
G2 Arrest ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Chromosome Fragments ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Mouse Zygotes ◽  
The One

PCC (premature chromosome condensation) can be used for visualizing and scoring damage induced by radiation in the chromatin of cells undergoing a G1 or G2 arrest. A method involving the fusion of irradiated single embryonic cells with single MI oocytes was used to induce PCC in mouse zygotes of the BALB/c strain, which suffer a drastic G2 arrest after X-irradiation (dose used 2.5 Gy). Other G2-arrested embryos were exposed in vitro to the phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A. Both methods furnished excellent chromosome preparations of the G2-arrested embryos. The mean number of chromosome fragments did not change significantly during G2 arrest, suggesting that zygotes of this strain are unable to repair DNA damage leading to such aberrations. Forty to fifty percent of the irradiated embryos were unable to cleave after G2 arrest and remained blocked at the one-cell stage for a few days before dying. PCC preparations obtained from such embryos suggested that about 30% of them had undergone a late mitosis not followed by cytokinesis and had entered a new DNA synthesis. These results are discussed in the light of recent observations in irradiated human cells deficient in the p53/14-3-3sigma pathway.Key words: PCC, embryo, oocyte, calyculin A, G2 arrest, cytokinesis.

scholarly journals Biological Entanglement–Like Effect After Communication of Fish Prior to X-Ray Exposure

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932581775006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmel Mothersill ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Jiaxi Wang ◽  
Andrej Rusin ◽  
Cris Fernandez-Palomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bystander Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Signal Production ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis ◽  
Radiation Induced Bystander Effect ◽  
Proteomic Responses

The phenomenon by which irradiated organisms including cells in vitro communicate with unirradiated neighbors is well established in biology as the radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE). Generally, the purpose of this communication is thought to be protective and adaptive, reflecting a highly conserved evolutionary mechanism enabling rapid adjustment to stressors in the environment. Stressors known to induce the effect were recently shown to include chemicals and even pathological agents. The mechanism is unknown but our group has evidence that physical signals such as biophotons acting on cellular photoreceptors may be implicated. This raises the question of whether quantum biological processes may occur as have been demonstrated in plant photosynthesis. To test this hypothesis, we decided to see whether any form of entanglement was operational in the system. Fish from 2 completely separate locations were allowed to meet for 2 hours either before or after which fish from 1 location only (group A fish) were irradiated. The results confirm RIBE signal production in both skin and gill of fish, meeting both before and after irradiation of group A fish. The proteomic analysis revealed that direct irradiation resulted in pro-tumorigenic proteomic responses in rainbow trout. However, communication from these irradiated fish, both before and after they had been exposed to a 0.5 Gy X-ray dose, resulted in largely beneficial proteomic responses in completely nonirradiated trout. The results suggest that some form of anticipation of a stressor may occur leading to a preconditioning effect or temporally displaced awareness after the fish become entangled.

scholarly journals In vitro generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes against radiation- and radiation leukemia virus-induced tumors. III. Suppression of anti-tumor immunity in vitro by lymphocytes of mice undergoing radiation leukemia virus-induced leukemogenesis.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 1473-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Yefenof ◽  
A Meidav ◽  
E Kedar
Keyword(s):  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Cytotoxic Responses

Adult C57BL/6 mice exposed to fractionated irradiation or inoculated with the radiation leukemia virus (RadLV), develop high incidence (80-100%) of lymphatic leukemias within 3-6 mo. RadLV-induced lymphomas can elicit cytotoxic responses in vitro in lymphocytes of preimmunized syngeneic mice, a reaction that is dependent on the expression of membrane-associated viral antigenicity. As soon as 5 d after RadLV inoculation, and during the entire leukemogenic process, suppressor T cells are detectable in the spleen that are capable of specifically abrogating generation of syngeneic anti-tumor cytotoxic cells in vitro. Mice exposed to fractionated x irradiation do not develop suppressor cells and their splenocytes may be stimulated in vitro to generate cytotoxicity toward RadLV-induced leukemias. These findings suggest that although RadLV has been isolated from radiation-induced leukemias, x-ray- and RadLV-induced leukemogenesis do not seem to involve a common viral etiology, and that induction of suppressor cells during RadLV leukemogenesis may be essential for tumor progression.

Inhibition of the iNOS Pathway in Inflammatory Macrophages by Low-Dose X-Irradiation In Vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Hildebrandt ◽  
Gabriela Loppnow ◽  
Jutta Jahns ◽  
Marion Hindemith ◽  
Ulf Anderegg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophages
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