scholarly journals Deeper Sections: Its Frequency and Diagnostic Utility in Histopathology of Noncutaneous Small Biopsy Specimen in a Tertiary Hospital in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Gopal Lama ◽  
Paricha Upadhyaya ◽  
Smriti Karki ◽  
Anju Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Microscopic Findings ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Background. Biopsy is an important tool for accurate diagnosis of disease in histopathology which can be examined at multiple levels during microscopic examination. The initial sections may not be representative of the entire biopsy, which leads to frequent request for deeper sections. This study assessed the frequency and diagnostic utility of deeper sections in noncutaneous small biopsy specimens at a tertiary hospital. Material and Methods. All the formalin fixed noncutaneous small biopsy specimens received were processed for grossing followed by tissue processing and embedding. The paraffin-embedded blocks were cut into 3–5 µm sections, fixed in a glass slide, deparaffinised, and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain as per the standard protocol. Deeper sections were instructed based on microscopic findings of initial slides. The overall frequency of deeper section, its levels of cutting, tissue survival, and outcome were assessed and interpreted for the final diagnosis. Results. A total of 125 cases (26.9%) from 464 samples received were requested for deeper sections. The most frequent deeper sections were from cervix (72 cases) followed by stomach (18 cases) and endometrium (17 cases). The deeper sections were performed most frequently at 4 levels (17.8%) followed by 5 levels (14.8%) and 6 levels (13.3%). Deeper sections revealed nondiagnostic additional features in 28.2%, while 2.2% showed additional diagnostic features. Likewise, 2.2% had tissue segment loss. The overall mean level showing additional features was 6 levels. Tissue survival increased in 13% cases and 1.5% had decreased survival. The most common reason for requesting deeper section was to enhance sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of disease. Conclusions. Deeper sections often contribute to final diagnosis. Therefore, deeper sections on biopsies that cannot readily be diagnosed on routine levels are recommended regardless of size of the lesion and there should be uniformity in the practice of deeper sections across the globe.

scholarly journals Anatomopathological Assessment of the Diaphragm in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Sections

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Nucci ◽  
Wilson Jacob-Filho ◽  
Alexandre Busse ◽  
Laura Maifrino ◽  
Romeu de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Paraffin Block ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Introduction The analysis of frozen muscle biopsies has become a routine method in the evaluation of muscle structure in health and disease. However, the technique for frozen muscle specimens is not widely available in countries with limited medical facilities. The present study aimed to elucidate a reproducible formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) method for this type of analysis in postmortem muscles. Methods Diaphragm muscle was obtained within 1 hour of sudden death. Diaphragm strips were washed in saline solution, fixed in 10% formalin, frozen at 4°C in a refrigerator, and stored for 24 hours. Then, the tissue samples were processed into paraffin-embedded blocks. Transversal sections were cut from each paraffin block and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Picrosirius red, Verhoeff-Van Gieson, and Congo red for the qualitative analysis. Results Our analysis indicated a well-preserved muscle. Conclusion In summary, we demonstrate a simple technique for a reproducible FFPE method in postmortem muscle tissues.

scholarly journals Relationship between Angiogenic Squamous Dysplasia and Bronchogenic Carcinoma in Patients Undergoing White Light Bronchoscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Karimi ◽  
Forouzan Mohammadi ◽  
Kian Khodadad ◽  
Makan Sadr ◽  
Leila Seyfollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Light ◽  
Bronchogenic Carcinoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Formalin Fixed

OBJECTIVE: To better understand the characteristic morphology of angiogenic squamous dysplasia (ASD) and its association with different types of common bronchogenic carcinomas using routine white light bronchoscopy.METHODS: Using a case-control design, 186 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of bronchial tissue (136 cases, 50 controls) obtained from patients who underwent routine nonfluorescence bronchoscopy between 2004 and 2005 were studied.RESULTS: ASD occurred at a higher frequency in patients with neoplastic lesions compared with those without neoplastic lesions (28 of 136 versus one of 50). ASD was also more prevalent in patients with squamous cell carcinoma compared with other neoplasms. Seventy six per cent of the ASD patients (22 of 29) smoked cigarettes. The morphology of ASD on hematoxylin and eosin- and CD31-stained sections was characterized by prominent microvasculature and capillary projections closely juxtaposed to variable degrees of dysplasia in all of the bronchogenic carcinoma specimens, and to metaplasia in one case in the control group.CONCLUSION: ASD is a unique morphological entity that should be considered by pathologists even on bronchoscopic biopsies from patients who undergo white light bronchoscopy. The presence of ASD may represent a risk biomarker of bronchogenic carcinoma in screening programs and in chemoprevention of lung cancer.

scholarly journals Quantitative radioimmunohistochemical measurements of p185(erbB-2) in frozen tissue sections.

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1251-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Reeves ◽  
J J Going ◽  
G Smith ◽  
T G Cooke ◽  
B W Ozanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Interstudy Variability ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Formalin Fixed

The relationship between expression of the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene and the biology of breast cancer has been investigated widely, most studies using immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. This technique is at best semiquantitative and there is a high degree of interstudy variability because of its subjective nature and poor methodological standardization. The relationship between the levels of expression and biology can be examined thoroughly only with an accurately quantitative technique. We have developed a radioimmunohistochemical assay to measure p185(erbB-2) in tissue biopsy specimens. The method involves incubating frozen sections with 125I-labeled monoclonal antibody, microautoradiograpy, and grain counting with image analysis. Sections of cell pellets with known c-erbB-2 levels are processed with each batch of samples as internal calibration standards. We have quantified c-erbB-2 expression in 60 breast carcinomas and compared the results with conventional immunohistochemistry. Radioimmunohistochemistry measured receptor levels throughout the range of expression in breast carcinomas, whereas conventional immunohistochemistry detected the protein only in the highest expressing tumors. The quantitative, objective data produced by radioimmunohistochemistry allow a more thorough evaluation of the relationship between c-erbB-2 expression and tumor biology. This technique may have applications in other fields where quantitative data is required and relevant monoclonal antibodies are available.

Canine Hepatitis Associated with Intrahepatic Bacteria in Three Dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Im ◽  
Derek P. Burney ◽  
Sean P. McDonough ◽  
Brigid Nicholson ◽  
Adam Eatroff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Formalin Fixed

ABSTRACT This case report describes the detection of intrahepatic bacteria in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded histopathological sections from three dogs with neutrophilic, pyogranulomatous, or lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis and cholangiohepatitis. In each of these cases, eubacterial fluorescence in situ hybridization enabled colocalization of intrahepatic bacteria with neutrophilic and granulomatous inflammation in samples that were negative for bacteria when evaluated by routine hematoxylin and eosin histopathology augmented with histochemical stains. Positive responses to antimicrobial therapy were observed in of 2 out of 2 patients that were treated with antimicrobials. These findings suggest that eubacterial fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded histopathological sections is more sensitive than conventional histochemical stains for the diagnosis of bacteria-associated canine hepatitis.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance and utility of very high-resolution ultrasonography in diagnosing giant cell arteritis of the temporal artery

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny K M Sundholm ◽  
Tom Pettersson ◽  
Anders Paetau ◽  
Anders Albäck ◽  
Taisto Sarkola
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Temporal Artery Biopsy ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Very High

Abstract Objective Very-high resolution US (VHRU; 55 MHz) provides improved resolution and could provide non-invasive diagnostic information in GCA of the temporal artery. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic utility of VHRU-derived intima thickness (VHRU-IT) in comparison to high-resolution US halo-to-Doppler ratio (HRU-HDR) in patients referred for temporal artery biopsy. Methods VHRU and HRU of the temporal artery were performed before a biopsy procedure in 78 prospectively recruited consecutive patients who had received glucocorticoid treatment for a median of 8 days (interquartile range 0–13 days) before imaging. Based on the final diagnosis and biopsy findings, the study population was divided into the following four groups: non GCA (n = 40); clinical GCA with no inflammation on biopsy (n = 15); clinical GCA with inflammation limited to adventitia (n = 9); and clinical GCA with transmural inflammation (TMI; n = 11). Results Both VHRU and HRU were useful for identifying subjects with TMI, with VHRU outperforming HRU (area under curve: VHRU-IT 0.99, 95% CI 0.97, 1.00; HRU-HDR 0.74, 95% CI 0.52, 0.96; P=0.026). The diagnostic utility for diagnosing clinical GCA (negative biopsy) or inflammation limited to the adventitia was poor for both VHRU and HRU-HDR. From 5 days after initiation of glucocorticoid treatment, VHRU-IT was increased in eight of nine patients, whereas HRU-HDR was positive in three of seven patients. Both methods showed excellent inter-observer agreement (Cohen’s κ: VHRU-IT 0.873; HRU-HDR 0.811). Conclusion In suspected GCA, VHRU allows non-invasive real-time imaging of TMI manifestations of the temporal artery wall. VHRU-derived intimal thickness measurement seems to be more sensitive than the halo sign and HRU-HDR in detecting TMI in patients with prolonged glucocorticoid treatment.

scholarly journals Ganglion Cytology: A Novel Rapid Method for the Diagnosis of Equine Dysautonomia

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-247
Author(s):  
Chiara Piccinelli ◽  
Rachel Jago ◽  
Elspeth Milne
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Postmortem Diagnosis ◽  
Grass Sickness ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Cranial Cervical Ganglion

Equine dysautonomia (grass sickness) is characterized by autonomic neuronal degeneration and is often fatal. As outbreaks occur, rapid diagnosis is essential but confirmation currently requires histological examination. This study evaluated diagnostic accuracy of cytological examination of cranial cervical ganglion (CCG) scrapings for dysautonomia diagnosis. CCG smears from 20 controls and 16 dysautonomia cases were stained with May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG), hematoxylin and eosin (HE), and cresyl fast violet (CFV), with HE-stained histological sections of CCG as gold standard for diagnosis. Examining all 3 stains together, the sensitivity and specificity were 100%. Occasional individual smears (4/107, 3.7%) were nondiagnostic due to low cellularity, and in a few individual smears the final diagnosis was correct but more tentative (CFV: 5/33 [15.1%], HE: 2/34 [5.9%], and MGG: 4/36 [11.1%]), due to low cellularity or suboptimal cell morphology. CCG cytology was considered reliable for rapid postmortem diagnosis of equine dysautonomia, particularly using MGG.

scholarly journals Bleaching melanin in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded melanoma specimens using visible light: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Pigoli ◽  
Lucia Rita Gibelli ◽  
Mario Caniatti ◽  
Luca Moretti ◽  
Giuseppe Sironi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Ffpe Samples ◽  
Bright Field Microscopy ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Fluorescent Molecules ◽  
Formalin Fixed

In fluorescence microscopy, light radiation can be used to bleach fluorescent molecules in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, in order to increase the ratio between signal of interest and background autofluorescence. We tested if the same principle can be exploited in bright field microscopy to bleach pigmented melanoma FFPE sections together with cell morphology maintenance. After dewaxing and rehydration, serial FFPE sections of a feline diffuse iris melanoma, a canine dermal melanoma, a gray horse dermal melanoma and a swine cutaneous melanoma were irradiated with visible light for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days, prior to Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Complete bleaching was obtained after 1-day treatment in feline and swine melanomas, while 2 and 3 days were required in canine and equine neoplasms, respectively. In all treated samples, cell morphology was maintained. Photo-induced bleaching combined with immunohistochemistry was tested after a 3-day photo-treatment using five different markers. According to the literature, in all samples neoplastic cells stained positive for vimentin, S100 and PNL2, while negative for FVIII and pancytokeratin. In conclusion, visible light can be effectively exploited to bleach pigmented melanoma FFPE sections prior to perform routine histochemical and immunohistochemical stains.

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