Maternal and Perinatal Outcome of Maternal Obesity at RSCM in 2014–2019

Obesity is a pandemic found in many countries. It is estimated that, in 2025, more than 21% of women in the world will suffer from obesity and its number keeps increasing yearly. Obesity in pregnancy is one of the important challenges in obstetric services given the prevalence and potential adverse effects on the mother and fetus. Obese women have a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, venous thromboembolism, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean delivery, and maternal death. The aim of this research is to determine the prevalence of maternal and perinatal complication in various obesity grades. This research was an observational descriptive study using the cross-sectional design. The inclusion criterion is obese pregnant women whose delivery was done in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSCM) from 2014 to 2019. The exclusion criterion in this study is the incomplete medical record. A total of 111 subjects were included in the study. Obesity grades in this study were based on World Health Organization (WHO) obesity, divided into 3 classifications which are obese I (30–34.9 kg/m2), obese II (35–39.9 kg/m2), and obese III (≥40 kg/m2). Maternal outcomes in this study were birth method, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and premature rupture of membrane (PROM). Perinatal outcomes in this study were preterm birth, birth weight, APGAR score, and postdelivery neonatal care. In this study, obese patients had a mean age of 31.23 years, mean gravida 2, parity 1, and abortion 0. Most of these patients used an intrauterine device (IUD) for family planning (74.8%). There were no differences in age, parity status, and family planning methods in each group of patients with different body mass index ( p > 0.05 ). Maternal characteristics are the majority of deliveries performed cesarean delivery (86.5%), cases of diabetes mellitus are more common in obese I patients (50%), preeclampsia is more prevalent in obese grade II patients (34,4%), and premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is more common in patients with obese II (52,4%). However, there was no difference in the prevalence of maternal outcomes between groups. There was a median gestational age of 37 weeks in all obesity grades, the highest percentage of preterm births owned by obese II patients (32,6%), the mean birth weight of babies tends to increase along with the weighting of the body mass index group, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) treatment rooms were mostly occupied from mother with obese II groups (18%). There was no difference in the first-minute and fifth-minute APGAR scores between study groups ( p > 0.05 ). There were no differences in perinatal outcomes between groups. There were no significant differences in maternal and perinatal outcomes prevalence between different obesity grades. However, the rate of maternal and perinatal complications in obese women is higher than the normal population, thus requiring sophisticated prevention and approach toward handling the pregnancy.

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Impact of Obesity on Perinatal Outcomes among Asthmatic Women

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2013/815143 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 345-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Meggie Thuot ◽

Marc-André Coursol ◽

Sonia Nguyen ◽

Vanessa Lacasse-Guay ◽

Marie-France Beauchesne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Body Mass ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Obese Women

BACKGROUND: Only one study has investigated the combined effect of maternal asthma and obesity on perinatal outcomes; however, it did not consider small-for-gestational age and large-for-gestational age infants.OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of obesity on perinatal outcomes among asthmatic women.METHODS: A cohort of 1386 pregnancies from asthmatic women was reconstructed using three of Quebec’s administrative databases and a questionnaire. Women were categorized using their prepregnancy body mass index. Underweight, overweight and obese women were compared with normal weight women. The primary outcome was the birth of a small-for-gestational-age infant, defined as a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age and sex. Secondary outcomes were large-for-gestational-age infants (birth weight >90th percentile for gestational age) and preterm birth (<37 weeks’ gestation). Logistic regression models were used to obtain the ORs of having small-for-gestational-age infants, large-for-gestational-age infants and preterm birth as a function of body mass index.RESULTS: The proportions of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese women were 10.8%, 53.3%, 19.7% and 16.2%, respectively. Obese asthmatic women were not found to be significantly more at risk for giving birth to small-for-gestational-age infants (OR 0.6 [95% CI 0.4 to 1.1]), large-for-gestational-age infants (OR 1.2 [95% CI 0.7 to 2.2]) or having a preterm delivery (OR 0.7 [95% CI 0.4 to 1.3]) than normal-weight asthmatic women.CONCLUSIONS: No significant negative interaction between maternal asthma and obesity on adverse perinatal outcomes was observed.

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Pre-prepregnancy body mass index and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh160411036r ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 145 (5-6) ◽

pp. 275-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vesna Rudic-Grujic ◽

Milkica Grabez ◽

Stela Stojisavljevic ◽

Budimka Novakovic ◽

Snjezana Popovic-Pejicic

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obese Women ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction/Objective. Not only do pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity increase the risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes but they also lead to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity in the Republic of Srpska and to investigate its association with hyperglycemia and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out during the period from February to October 2012 among 555 pregnant women in gestational period from 24 to 28 weeks. The criterion for exclusion from the sample was previously diagnosed type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Results. Before pregnancy, 20.39% of participants had increased body mass index, while 4.04 % [95% confidence interval (CI); 2.62?6.13] were obese. Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 10.91% (95% CI, 8.44?13.98) of them. The increase in body mass index by 1 increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus by 1.09 times [odds ratio (OR) = 1.09; 95% CI; 1.02?1.16]. Pregnant women who were overweight had a 4.88 times greater risk (OR = 4.88; 95% CI, 1.23?29.41) of developing gestational diabetes. Conclusion. Every fifth pregnant woman in this study was overweight or obese before pregnancy. The increase in body mass index by 1 increased the risk of gestational diabetes by 1.09 times (OR = 1.09; 95% CI; 1.02?1.16). Counselling is necessary for overweight and obese women planning pregnancy.

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MATERNAL OBESITY AND OBSTETRIC OUTCOME IN PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING PNS SHIFA KARACHI

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71isuppl-1.2837 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽

pp. S245-49

Author(s):

Rabiah Anwar ◽

Kashif Razzaq ◽

Naheed Parveen

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Body Mass ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Obese Women ◽

Failed Induction

Objective: To evaluate the impact of obesity on maternal and neonatal outcome. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Pakistan Naval Ship, Shifa HospitalKarachi, from Nov 2016 to Oct 2017. Methodology: All singleton pregnant women of normal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and obese women having ≥30 body mass index, delivering newborn at 28-42 weeks of gestation were included. Comparison of antenatal complications and neonatal outcomes was done among both groups. Results: Obese women significantly developed gestational hypertension (OR=7.4 95% CI, 4.84-11.4), preeclampsia (OR=2.22 95% CI, 1.36-3.6), gestational diabetes mellitus (OR=5.2; 95% CI, 3.57-7.58), labor induction (OR= 2.79 95% CI, 2.03-3.84), failed induction of labor (OR = 5.3 95% CI, 8.05-29.38), cesarean delivery (OR=1.89 95% CI, 1.41-2.5), large for gestational age newborn (OR=3.97 95% CI, 2.87-5.50). But there was no statistically significant difference in small for gestational age newborn (OR=0.91 95% CI, 0.42-1.98), new born with APGAR score ≤7 after 5 min after delivery (OR=2.168 95% CI, 0.97-4.82) among obese and normal weight pregnant women. Conclusion: There is increased risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, failed induction of labor, dystocia, cesarean delivery and large for gestational age newborns in obese women.Keywords: , , , , ,

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From infancy to pregnancy: birth weight, body mass index, and the risk of gestational diabetes

European Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s10654-012-9721-7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 799-805 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ylva Trolle Lagerros ◽

Sven Cnattingius ◽

Fredrik Granath ◽

Ulf Hanson ◽

Anna-Karin Wikström

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Body Mass

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738: Effects of body mass index on perinatal outcomes in women with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2015.10.786 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 214 (1) ◽

pp. S387 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bethany Sabol ◽

Jonathan Snowden ◽

Morgan Swank ◽

Antonia Frias ◽

Elliot Main ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass ◽

Perinatal Outcomes

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Association between pre‐pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Journal of Diabetes Investigation ◽

10.1111/jdi.13723 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Saito ◽

Sumitaka Kobayashi ◽

Atsuko Ikeda‐Araki ◽

Sachiko Ito ◽

Chihiro Miyashita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Gestational Weight

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the PREGNANCY OUTCOMES DO INFLUENCE BY EXTREMES OF BODY MASS INDEX

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i2.4841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 690-93

Author(s):

Lubna Razzak ◽

Ramna Devi ◽

Sana Tariq ◽

Anchal Seetlani ◽

Sara Jamshed

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Body Mass ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Maternal Outcomes

Objective: To investigate whether extreme of body mass index (BMI) is associated with pregnancy outcomes. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Hamdard University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from Feb 2019 to Jan 2020. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1000 women delivered in between February 2019 to January 2020. BMI is categorized into four groups according to the Asian-Pacific cutoff points as underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–22.9 kg/m2), overweight (23–24.9 kg/m2), and obese (>25 kg/m2). Maternal outcomes measured were pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, delivery by cesarean section, instrumental delivery, anemia, postpartum hemorrhage and fetal outcome included small for gestational age and large for gestational age. Logistic regression model was used to adjust the confounder. Maternal outcomes were evaluated with relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. Results: In results, 13%, 54%, 22%, 9% and 2% were underweight, normal body mass index, overweight, obese and morbidly obese categories respectively. The gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, labour induction, frequency of cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage increased linearly with increasing body mass index and expressed as adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) respectively: 10.0 (95% CI 3.5, 28.7), 5.3 (95% CI 2.0, 14.1), 2.7 (95% CI 1.1, 6.8), 4.9 (95% CI 2.8–8.8), 2.5 (95% CI 0.31– 20.6). The anemia and small for gestational age were found in underweight group with adjusted odd ratio2.47 (95% CI 1.6– 3.6), 4.6 (95% CI 2.6, 8.1) respectively........

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The Effect of Adequate Gestational Weight Gain among Adolescents Relative to Adults of Equivalent Body Mass Index and the Risk of Preterm Birth, Cesarean Delivery, and Low Birth Weight

Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.jpag.2015.03.003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 502-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michele Houde ◽

Elias M. Dahdouh ◽

Vanessa Mongrain ◽

Elise Dubuc ◽

Diane Francoeur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Gestational Weight

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Effect of body mass index on fetal outcome in pregnancy

Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research ◽

10.18231/j.ijogr.2021.073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 350-355

Author(s):

Somya Jindal ◽

Rachna Chaudhary ◽

Vandana Dhama ◽

Shakun Singh ◽

Vijay Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Body Mass ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Fetal Outcome ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Meconium Staining ◽

Nicu Admission

Maternal body mass index during pregnancy is one of the important parameter which gives us the clue regarding fetal complications. The objectives of this study were to study distribution of antenatal patients in underweight, normal, overweight (and obese) categories according to booking BMI, to examine the association of BMI with perinatal outcomes in singleton pregnancies. This prospective Study was conducted over a period of 1 year from July 2019 to June 2020 on antenatal women attending O.P.D in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in LLRM Medical College. The enrolled patients were divided into three equal groups(n=50) according to their BMI. In all the groups perinatal outcome was assessed. The mean baby birth weight for whole study group was 2.807 kg with standard deviation of 0.44. Birth weight found to be related to maternal BMI and mother with low BMI have babies with low birth weight and vice versa.14% of babies born to mothers belonging to underweight BMI group required NICU admission due to reasons like meconium staining, low birth weight, birth asphyxia. 10% babies born to mothers who were overweight were admitted in NICU while 0% of babies born to women with normal BMI got admitted in NICU. Higher prevalence of complications to fetus when BMI is not in the recommended normal range.

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