scholarly journals Topography and Anatomical Variations of the Axillary Artery

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kiwook Yang ◽  
Hyunsu Lee ◽  
In-Jang Choi ◽  
Woonhyeok Jeong ◽  
Hong-Tae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Reference Line ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Number Of Branches

Knowledge of anatomical variations of the limb’s main arteries is significant for the clinicians. Thus, this study is aimed at examining the branching pattern and anatomical variations of the axillary artery. We conducted research on 59 upper limbs of adult human donated cadavers. All axillary artery branches’ origins were assessed, and the correlations between points of origins and variations of specific branches were evaluated. The average length of the axillary artery was found to be 11.22 cm, and this length was defined as reference line. Based on this reference line, the first, second, and third parts were 37.56%, 39%, and 30.05%, respectively. The STA was originated from 25.11%. The TAA and LTA were 42.67% and 54.82%, respectively. The SSA, ACHA, and PCHA were 64.72%, 83.89%, and 84.53%, respectively. The origin of LTA was correlated with that of SSA ( R = 0.473 , P < 0.05 ) and AHCA ( R = 0.307 , P < 0.05 ), respectively. And there was a positive correlation between AHCA and PHCA ( R = 0.705 , P < 0.05 ). The number of branches ranged from 3~6, and 9 types were shown. The most frequent branching pattern was common origin of the LTA and SSA (22/59). And AHCA and PHCA were originated together in 19 cases, and both patterns were combined in 12 cases. TTA and LTA branched together in 9 cases, and common trunk for the SSA, PHCA, and AHCA was found in 2 cases. According to this pattern, the origin of LTA and PCHA was significantly different. This information is particularly useful for surgeons and clinicians.

scholarly journals Variations in branching pattern of the axillary artery: a study in 40 human cadavers

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Astik ◽  
Urvi Dave
Keyword(s):  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Coronary Bypass ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Human Cadavers

BACKGROUND: Variations in the branching pattern of the axillary artery are a rule rather than an exception. The knowledge of these variations is of anatomical, radiological, and surgical interest to explain unexpected clinical signs and symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The large percentage of variations in branching pattern of axillary artery is making it worthwhile to take any anomaly into consideration. The type and frequency of these vascular variations should be well understood and documented, as increasing performance of coronary artery bypass surgery and other cardiovascular surgical procedures. The objective of this study is to observe variations in axillary artery branches in human cadavers. METHODS: We dissected 80 limbs of 40 human adult embalmed cadavers of Asian origin and we have studied the branching patterns of the axillary artery. RESULTS: We found variations in branching pattern of axillary artery in 62.5% of the limbs. Anatomical variations included: origin of lateral thoracic artery from the subscapular artery; absent thoracoacromial trunk and all its branches arose directly from the second part of the axillary artery; division of thoracoacromial trunk into deltoacromial and clavipectoral trunks, which were divided into all branches of thoracoacromial trunk; origin of subscapular, anterior circumflex humeral, posterior circumflex humeral and profunda brachii arteries from a common trunk from the third part of the axillary artery; and origin of posterior circumflex humeral artery from brachial artery in addition to third part of the axillary artery. CONCLUSIONS: The study was carried out to show important variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery, in order to orient the surgeons performing angiography, coronary bypass, and flaps in reconstructive surgeries.

scholarly journals Cadaveric Study of Anatomical Variations in the Musculocutaneous Nerve and in the Median Nerve

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Abhilasha Priya ◽  
Chandni Gupta ◽  
Antony Sylvan D'souza
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Kasturba Medical College ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lateral Cord

Introduction The musculocutaneous nerve and the median nerve are branches from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus with a root value of C5, C6, and C7. The medial root of the median nerve is a branch of the medial cord. The present study aims at observing any variations in these peripheral nerves, so that this knowledge can be utilized by surgeons, anesthesiologists, and orthopedicians during surgical procedures and nerve block. Materials and Methods The present study was carried on 30 adult embalmed cadavers (60 upper limbs) in the department of anatomy of the Kasturba Medical College , Manipal, India. The infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus was dissected, and any anatomical variations in the formation and in the branching pattern of the musculocutaneous nerve and of the median nerve were noted and photographs were taken. Results The median nerve was noted to be formed from 3 roots in 8 out of 60 dissected upper limbs (13.33%). The musculocutaneous nerve was absent in 5% of the dissected limbs, and communications between these 2 nerves were noted in 13.33% of the dissected limbs. Conclusions Noted variations of the nerves may be of help to surgeons operating in the axillas and in the arms.

scholarly journals Variant Branching Pattern of Axillary Artery: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swamy Ravindra Shantakumar ◽  
K. G. Mohandas Rao
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male Cadaver

During routine dissection of an approximately 50-year-old male cadaver for the undergraduate medical students at Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, we came across a variation in branching pattern of right axillary artery. The second part of axillary artery gave rise to a common trunk which divided into the subscapular and lateral thoracic arteries. The third part of right axillary artery gave rise to anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries. Variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery are important for the surgeons performing interventional or diagnostic procedures in cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Variations in the Axillary Artery Branching Pattern

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepshikha Singh ◽  
Minakshi Malhotra ◽  
Sneh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Pectoral Nerve ◽  
The Right

Variations in axillary artery branching pattern can lead to iatrogenic injuries during invasive procedures. Knowledge of the same is critical to prevent such events. Multiple bilateral variations were observed in the branching pattern of axillary artery. These variations were noted in a female cadaver, during routine undergraduate dissection in September 2019 in Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi. On the left side, an anomalous branch running with the medial pectoral nerve was found. A common stem arising from the 2nd part of left axillary artery divided to give the lateral thoracic artery, the subscapular artery and an alar artery. Another alar branch arose from the left subscapular artery before it bifurcated into thoraco-dorsal and circumflex scapular arteries. The right axillary artery gave an aberrant branch proximal to the lateral thoracic artery. A common trunk arising from the 2nd part of right axillary branched out to give the posterior circumflex humeral artery, the subscapular artery and an alar artery. The brachial artery divided 13.5 cm proximal to the intercondylar line of humerus on the left and 14.4 cm on the right side. On both sides, the ulnar artery arose proximally and the radial and common inter-osseous arteries continued as a common trunk and divided distally. This case study reports multiple bilateral axillary artery anomalies and complements to the existing knowledge of vascular anomalies. Comprehensive knowledge of these variations is essential from anatomical, radiological and surgical point of view. During surgeries involving axillary and pectoral group of lymph nodes, such variations should be kept in mind.

scholarly journals Abnormal Communication between Lateral Thoracic Artery and Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery – a Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Dinesh V. Kumar ◽  
Ramakrisnan Rajprasath ◽  
Prasad G. Bhavani
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Vascular Plexus ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
The World ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Arterial Anomalies

Variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery are observed by many anatomists all over the world. A unique bilateral variation in the axillary artery was observed during the routine dissection of the upper limbs on an approximately 65 year old male cadaver. An abnormal communicative channel was observed between lateral thoracic artery and anterior circumflex humeral artery. It passed between the two roots of median nerve. Arterial anomalies in the upper limb are due to defective remodelling of vascular plexus of the upper limb bud during embryogenesis. Knowledge of variations in axillary artery is quintessential for surgeons, radiologists and anaesthesiologists to avoid treacherous complications during procedures.

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY IN ADULT HUMAN CADAVERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2.3) ◽  
pp. 5371-5378
Author(s):  
Shoma Alban ◽  
◽  
Sujitha Jacinth ◽  
Jaipaul Y ◽  
Muniappan V ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Human Cadavers

CADAVERIC STUDY OF THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF THE AXILLARY ARTERY.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.K.V. Sirisha ◽  
T Jaya Chandra ◽  
Subhashini Rani ◽  
K Satish
Keyword(s):  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Medical College ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Axillary Region ◽  
Abnormal Anatomy ◽  
Artery Branch ◽  
Number Of Branches

Introduction: Deviations from the normal arterial pattern of the axillary artery is of immense in the medical science. Therefore, study is an attempt to know the normal and abnormal anatomy of the axillary artery. Materials and methods:  The present study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, GSL Medical College. The limbs were dissected retaining continuity with the trunk. Exposure of axillary artery and its branches were achieved as per standard procedures. The axillary artery was identified, the observations such as length of the artery, midpoint of the width of the artery were measured by keeping a thread along whole of its length, marked with India ink. Results: Total 50 cadavers were dissected. The average length of axillary artery was found to be 10.17 cm, range 7 – 11 cm, number of branches ranged 2 – 9. In 38% of dissections, number of branches encountered was 5, followed by 6 branches in 36% and 4 branches in 10%. In 28% of cases (14 out of 50) the 6 name branches were found arising independently from axillary artery. Conclusion: The knowledge of axially artery variations is of anatomical and surgical interest. This information is useful for the surgeons dealing with the axillary region especially in the case of reconstructive surgery. Key words: Axillary, Artery, Branch, Distance

Unilateral variation in branching pattern of Right Axillary Artery - A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Muraleedhar ◽  
Chandrasekar Kuppi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thoracoacromial Artery ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

The Axillary artery is the continuation of the subclavian artery and is a major artery of the upper limb. During the routine dissection for Undergraduate Ayurvedic Medical Students of Sharada Ayurvedic Medical College, Yadgir, Karnataka, India, in the Department of Anatomy, we come across a variation in branching pattern of second and third part of right axillary artery in male cadaver approximately 55 years of age. The first part of axillary artery was found to be normal. In the second part of axillary artery we observed two branches, first one is thoracoacromial artery arose as usual second branch given common trunk which is further divided into lateral thoracic artery and subscapular artery. Even third part of axillary artery gave one common trunk that terminated by bifurcating into Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery and Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery.

The Branching Pattern and Communications of the Musculocutaneous Nerve

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KRISHNAMURTHY ◽  
S. R. NAYAK ◽  
L. VENKATRAYA PRABHU ◽  
R. P. HEGDE ◽  
S. SURENDRAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Upper Arm

Anatomical variations of peripheral nerves are important and can help explain otherwise incomprehensible clinical findings. A study of 26 right and 18 left formalin-preserved upper limbs identified the fact that the musculocutaneous nerve is subject to considerable anatomical variation, including communication with the median nerve. A study of its branching pattern made us aware of why debility after trauma to the lateral aspect of the upper arm may be more than expected, and this study considers the clinical and surgical importance of these variations of the musculocutaneous nerve.

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