scholarly journals Prophylactic Antibiotics for Urinary Tract Infections after Urodynamic Studies: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiao-yu Wu ◽  
Yu Cheng ◽  
Sheng-fei Xu ◽  
Qing Ling ◽  
Xiao-yi Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Urodynamic Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Aim. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to determine whether antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) after urodynamic studies (UDS). Methods. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Elsevier, ClinicalKey, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Wiley Online Library. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics with placebo or no treatment in preventing UTI after UDS were included. Two reviewers extracted data independently, and RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed by the Q test and I 2 test. Results. The final meta-analysis included 1829 patients in 13 RCTs. Compared with the placebo or no treatment group, prophylactic antibiotics could significantly reduce the risk of bacteriuria ( RR = 0.42 , 95% CI: 0.30-0.60) and the risk of symptomatic UTI ( RR = 0.65 , 95% CI: 0.48-0.88). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the risk of adverse events ( RR = 4.93 , 95% CI: 0.61-40.05). No significant heterogeneity or publication bias was found in this study. Conclusions. Current evidence showed that prophylactic antibiotics could reduce the risk of asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic UTI after UDS without increasing the incidence of adverse events.

Comparison between Ologen implant and Mitomycin C in trabeculectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Liu ◽  
Yali Du ◽  
Min Lei ◽  
Leyi Zhuang ◽  
Peng Lv
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Alternative Choice

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the biodegradable collagen matrix (Ologen) implant in trabeculectomy. Research design and methods We searched Pubmed, Cochrane library, Embase and Web of Science databases to find studies that met our pre-stated inclusion criteria. Reference lists of retrieved articles were also reviewed. The search was finished by February 2019. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were performed according to the Cochrane standards. Either a fixed or a random-effects model was used to calculate the overall combined risk estimates. The efficacy measures were the weighted mean differences (WMDs) for the intraocular pressure reduction (IOPR) and the glaucoma medications reduction, the odds ratio (OR) for the success rate and adverse events. Results Fifteen randomized controlled trials involved 682 eyes were included in the meta-analysis. There were no statistically differences between two groups in the IOPR at any time postoperatively. The MD of the IOPR was [MD= -0.45,95% Confidence Interval (CI), (-2.36,1.46), P=0.65] at one day, [MD= -0.82,95% CI, (-1.97, 0.33), P=0.16] at one week, [MD= -1.33, 95% CI,(-3.12, 0.47), P=0.15] at one month, [MD= 0.11,95% CI, (-1.87, 2.08), P=0.92] at three months, [MD= -0.60,95% CI, (-2.27, 1.06), P=0.48] at six months, [MD= -0.33,95% CI, (-1.99, 1.32), P=0.69] at one year, [MD= -0.13,95% CI, (-1.90, 1.65), P=0.89] at two years, [MD= 2.54,95% CI, (-2.83, 7.90), P=0.35] at three years, [MD= 3.04,95% CI, (-3.95, 10.03), P=0.39] at five years. There was no statistically significant difference between the Ologen groups and MMC groups concerned the complete success rate [OR=1.19, 95%CI, (0.83, 1.71), P=0.35]. With regard to the adverse events, no obvirously significance was observed. Seven studies reported the change of antiglaucoma medications. We found that the change of antiglaucoma medications is higher in MMC groups than that in Ologen groups [MD=-0.18, 95%CI, (-0.33, -0.03), P=0.02]. There is no significant difference in complications between the two groups. Conclusions From the current evidence, Ologen may be an alternative choice for trabeculectomy when considering the efficacy and safety. However, MMC might be the preferred choice concerned cost-effectiveness.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PERIOPERATIVE AND PROPHYLACTIC ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST THE INCIDENCE OF UTI AND SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS AFTER HYPOSPADIAS SURGERY

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raditya Kusuma ◽  
Johan Renaldo ◽  
Tarmono Djojodimedjo ◽  
Sunaryo Hardjowijoto
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Repair Operation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotics ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hypospadias Surgery

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of perioperative and prophylactic antibiotics against the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI) and surgical site infections (SSI) after hypospadias surgery (hypospadias repair operation). Materials & Methods: This study is an observational study of explanation with 24 hypospadias patients (2 groups) during the period of October 2015 to February 2016. Samples were divided into two groups, 12 patients received prophylactic antibiotics and 12 patients received perioperative antibiotics (random sampling). Inclusion criteria included patients with glandular hypospadias to proximal penile hypospadias, aged 6 months until 15 years and underwent hypospadias surgery with one surgical technique namely Tubularized Incised Plate (TIP). The examination of urine culture and evaluation of the wounds were performed on day 4, 10, and 20 day after surgery to determine the incidence of urinary tract infections and surgical site infections. Results: There is no significant difference in the incidence of UTI on on day 4, 10 and 20  in perioperative group and prophylaxis group with p=0.282 and p=0.500 at day 4 and 10  (p>0.05). There is no significant difference in the incidence of SSI on day 4, 10 and 20 in the group of perioperative antibiotic and prophylactic antibiotic with p=0.680 and p=0.217 at day 4 and 10 (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is no effect of the prophylactic antibiotic as well as perioperative antibiotic treatment on the incidence of UTI and SSI

scholarly journals Prevalence and Impact of Biofilms on Bloodstream and Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Henrique Pinto ◽  
Manuel Simões ◽  
Anabela Borges
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Statistical Confidence ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Tract Infections

This study sought to assess the prevalence and impact of biofilms on two commonly biofilm-related infections, bloodstream and urinary tract infections (BSI and UTI). Separated systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies were carried out in PubMed and Web of Sciences databases from January 2005 to May 2020, following PRISMA protocols. Studies were selected according to specific and defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The obtained outcomes were grouped into biofilm production (BFP) prevalence, BFP in resistant vs. susceptible strains, persistent vs. non-persistent BSI, survivor vs. non-survivor patients with BSI, and catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) vs. non-CAUTI. Single-arm and two-arm analyses were conducted for data analysis. In vitro BFP in BSI was highly related to resistant strains (odds ratio-OR: 2.68; 95% confidence intervals-CI: 1.60–4.47; p < 0.01), especially for methicillin-resistant Staphylococci. BFP was also highly linked to BSI persistence (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.28–5.48; p < 0.01) and even to mortality (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.53–2.74; p < 0.01). Candida spp. was the microorganism group where the highest associations were observed. Biofilms seem to impact Candida BSI independently from clinical differences, including treatment interventions. Regarding UTI, multi-drug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains of Escherichia coli, were linked to a great BFP prevalence (OR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.30–6.54; p < 0.01 and OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.33–5.86; p < 0.01). More in vitro BFP was shown in CAUTI compared to non-CAUTI, but with less statistical confidence (OR: 2.61; 95% CI: 0.67–10.17; p < 0.17). This study highlights that biofilms must be recognized as a BSI and UTI resistance factor as well as a BSI virulence factor.

MP44-16 INCIDENCE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AFTER URODYNAMIC STUDIES IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 191 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Van Batavia ◽  
Jennifer J. Ahn ◽  
Julia B. Finkelstein ◽  
Andrew J. Combs ◽  
Sarah M. Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Urodynamic Studies ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Kinesio Taping for Balance Function after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijuan Hu ◽  
Dongling Zhong ◽  
Qiwei Xiao ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. With the increasing social and economic burdens of balance impairment after stroke, the treatment for balance impairment after stroke becomes a major public health problem worldwide. Kinesio taping (KT) as a part of clinical practice has been used widely in the treatment of balance impairment after stroke. However, the clinical effects of KT for balance function have not been confirmed. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects and safety of KT for balance impairment after stroke. Methods. We conducted a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of KT for balance impairment after stroke. We searched the following databases: (1) English databases: EMBASE (via Ovid), MEDLINE (via Ovid), the Cochrane library, PubMed, and PEDro; (2) Chinese databases: China Biology Medicine (CBM), Wan Fang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and VIP. Besides, hand searches of relevant references were also conducted. We systematically searched from the inception to December 2018, using the keywords (Kinesio, Kinesio Tape, tape, or Orthotic Tape) and (stroke, hemiplegia, or hemiplegic paralysis) and (balance or stability). The search strategies were adjusted for each database. The reference lists of included articles were reviewed for relevant trials. For missing data, we contacted the authors to get additional information. Results. 22 RCTs involved 1331 patients, among which 667 patients in the experimental group and 664 patients in the control group were included. Results of meta-analysis showed that, compared with conventional rehabilitation (CR), there was significant difference in Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD=4.46, 95%CI 1.72 to 7.19, P=0.001), Time Up and Go Test (TUGT) (MD=-4.62, 95%CI -5.48 to -3.79, P < 0.00001), functional ambulation category scale (FAC) (MD=0.53, 95%CI 0.38 to 0.68, P < 0.00001), Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-L) (MD=4.20, 95%CI 3.17 to 5.24, P < 0.00001), and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) (MD=-0.38, 95%CI -0.49 to -0.27, P < 0.00001). The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference between KT and CR with ≤4 weeks treatment duration (< 4 weeks: MD=5.03, 95%CI -1.80 to 11.85, P=0.15; =4 weeks: MD=4.33, 95%CI -1.50 to 10.15, P=0.15), while there was significant difference with more than 4-week treatment duration (MD=4.77, 95%CI 2.58 to 6.97, P < 0.0001). Conclusions. Based on current evidence, KT was more effective than CR for balance function, lower limb function, and walking function in poststroke patients. Longer treatment duration may be associated with better effects. However, more well-conducted RCTs are required in the future.

scholarly journals Oral D mannose in the prevention and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Porru ◽  
Annalisa De Silvestri ◽  
Edda Buffa ◽  
Catherine Klersy ◽  
Barbara Gardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Recurrent Utis ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

The results of several studies reveal that antibiotics may promote treatment resistance by causing alterations in the intestinal flora. The development of a gut reservoir of resistant bacteria promotes the development of UTIs through autoinfection. This review aims to address clinical reliability, efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with oral D mannose for the prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (RUTI) in females. A comprehensive MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane search was performed for English language reports published before December 2018 using the term “recurrent urinary tract infections and D mannose” was carried out. We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials from January 2010 to December 2018. Eligible studies did not include non-oral therapy, local (vaginal) treatment in women with recurrent UTIs. We identified eligible original articles. A few limitations of the review are the heterogeneity of the available studies, their different rational and aim, the assumption of D mannose for prophylaxis or treatment of recurrent UTIs. Oral D mannose performs well in the prevention of UTIs recurrences, significant improvement of urinary symptoms was observed, the disease- free time was longer in the groups of patients under prophylaxis with D mannose in comparison with control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin (PAC) etc. The review has limitations, as the studies are heterogeneous, the meta-analysis requires classifications that can also be arbitrary. Furthermore, single-arm studies are not included. Some of the authors found this evidence inconclusive, which results as a limitation of the study. D mannose prolonged the recurrence-free interval of recurrent UTIs, thus reducing the prolonged or cyclical use of antibiotics, improving clinical symptoms, with a significant difference between treatment and control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin). However, most clinical trials used an association of different substances commingled with D mannose, dosages and regimens of D mannose were different. For this reason, the evidence of the efficacy of D mannose remains low.

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