scholarly journals Research Progress on Corrosion of Equipment and Materials in Deep-Sea Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sheng Chen ◽  
Liping Qiu ◽  
Shaofang Sun ◽  
Junyi Yang ◽  
Qinghua Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Field ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms

The deep sea is the frontier of materials research in the 21st century. Owing to the particularity of pressure (15–120 MPa), hydrothermal temperature (90–400°C), and explosive fluid (strong H2S) in the deep-sea hydrothermal field environment, the research on the corrosion mechanism of service materials in this environment under the coupling action of many harsh factors is almost blank. It has become the bottleneck of equipment and material research and development for China to explore the deep sea. This paper reviews the research progress of corrosion mechanisms of deep-sea environmental materials at home and abroad, and forecasts the research trend and difficulties in this field, especially in the deep-sea hydrothermal field. At the same time, it points out the urgency of the construction of harsh environment materials platform and its relevance to the discipline construction of marine college.

scholarly journals Mechanism and Influencing Factors of REY Enrichment in Deep-Sea Sediments

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Jiangbo Ren ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Fenlian Wang ◽  
Gaowen He ◽  
Xiguang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Bottom Current ◽  
Knowledge Map ◽  
P2o5 Content ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments ◽  
Potential Resource ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Sediment Interface

Deep-sea sediments with high contents of rare-earth elements and yttrium (REY) are expected to serve as a potential resource for REY, which have recently been proved to be mainly contributed by phosphate component. Studies have shown that the carriers of REY in deep-sea sediments include aluminosilicate, Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides, and phosphate components. The ∑REY of the phosphate component is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those of the other two carriers, expressed as ∑REY = 0.001 × [Al2O3] − 0.002 × [MnO] + 0.056 × [P2O5] − 32. The sediment P2O5 content of 1.5% explains 89.1% of the total variance of the sediment ∑REY content. According to global data, P has a stronger positive correlation with ∑REY compared with Mn, Fe, Al, etc.; 45.5% of samples have a P2O5 content of less than 0.25%, and ∑REY of not higher than 400 ppm. The ∑REY of the phosphate component reaches n × 104 ppm, much higher than that of marine phosphorites and lower than that of REY-phosphate minerals, which are called REY-rich phosphates in this study. The results of microscopic observation and separation by grain size indicate that the REY-rich phosphate component is mainly composed of bioapatite. When ∑REY > 2000 ppm, the average CaO/P2O5 ratio of the samples is 1.55, indicating that the phosphate composition is between carbonate fluoroapatite and hydroxyfluorapatite. According to a knowledge map of sediment elements, the phosphate component is mainly composed of P, Ca, Sr, REY, Sc, U, and Th, and its chemical composition is relatively stable. The phosphate component has a negative Ce anomaly and positive Y anomaly, and a REY pattern similar to that of marine phosphorites and seawater. After the early diagenesis process (biogeochemistry, adsorption, desorption, transformation, and migration), the REY enrichment in the phosphate component is completed near the seawater/sediment interface. In the process of REY enrichment, the precipitation and enrichment of P is critical. According to current research progress, the REY enrichment is the result of comprehensive factors, including low sedimentation rate, high ∑REY of the bottom seawater, a non-carbonate depositional environment, oxidation conditions, and certain bottom current conditions.

scholarly journals A review on the production, structure, bioactivities and applications of Tremella polysaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 205873842110005
Author(s):  
Xia Ma ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Yan He ◽  
Chuntao Zhai ◽  
Chengliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Production Structure ◽  
Health States ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Active Natural

Tremella polysaccharide is known to be structurally unique and biologically active natural products, abundant and versatile in activities and applications in food industry, daily chemical industry and medicine industry. In order to improve the industrialisation of Tremella polysaccharide, the limitations of preparation and structure-activity relationship of Tremella polysaccharide were reviewed in this paper. The research progress of Tremella polysaccharide in the past 20 years was summarized from the sources, preparation methods, molecular structure, activity and application, and the research trend in the future was also prospected. The application prospect of Tremella polysaccharide in against multiple sub-health states was worth expecting.

Research progress in materials-oriented chemical engineering in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 917-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Yongsheng Han ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Jiexin Wang ◽  
Yiqun Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Engineering Development ◽  
Recent Advances

Abstract Materials-oriented chemical engineering involves the intersection of materials science and chemical engineering. Development of materials-oriented chemical engineering not only contributes to material research and industrialization techniques but also opens new avenues for chemical engineering science. This review details the major achievements of materials-oriented chemical engineering fields in China, including preparation strategies for advanced materials based on the principles of chemical engineering as well as innovative separation and reaction techniques determined by new materials. Representative industrial applications are also illustrated, highlighting recent advances in the field of materials-oriented chemical engineering technologies. In addition, we also look at the ongoing trends in materials-oriented chemical engineering in China.

Toward Ceramic Anticorrosion Coatings: A Review

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3560 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 895-917
Author(s):  
Kaixuan Ye ◽  
Zili Li
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anticorrosion Coatings ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms ◽  
First Time ◽  
Significant Attention

Ceramic coatings have attracted significant attention for anticorrosion application, given the chemical stability. Although many satisfactory results have been achieved, there is no review on the latest research progress of ceramic anticorrosion coatings. For the first time, this paper systematically reviews the lastest advances of ceramic anticorrosion coatings. First, the preparation technologies of ceramic coatings are described in detail. Toughening, as the key to the anticorrosion of ceramic coatings, is also highlighted. The corrosion mechanisms of ceramic coatings are also illustrated. The paper concludes with some doubts of ceramic coatings and outlining the trend for future research.

Research Progress of Fluoride-Containing Acrylate Derivatives and their Application on Textile

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Hao Hua Ye ◽  
Zhan Xiong Li ◽  
Guo Qiang Chen ◽  
Shao Qiang Zhou ◽  
Jian He Cai
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Acrylate Monomers

The research progress of fluorine-containing acrylate monomers and their polymers has been discussed. These monomers were classified systematically according to chemical structure, such as perfluoroalkylinyl esters monomers, methyl trifluoroacrylate monomers, and so on. The synthesis of fluorinate acrylate and their polymerization were introduced. In addition, the features of these fluoride-containing chemicals were discussed as well as their applications on fabrics and research trend.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Microbial Communities in Crustal Fluids in a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Field of the Suiyo Seamount

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Kato ◽  
Michiyuki Nakawake ◽  
Junko Kita ◽  
Toshiro Yamanaka ◽  
Motoo Utsumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Field ◽  
Crustal Fluids

The Effect of Water Vapour and Sulphur on Corrosion Mechanisms of Steels

2008 ◽  
Vol 595-598 ◽  
pp. 841-849
Author(s):  
Satu Tuurna ◽  
Sanni Yli-Olli ◽  
Liisa Heikinheimo
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Metal Surface ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Boiler Furnace ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Kraft Recovery Boilers ◽  
Recovery Boilers ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms ◽  
Test Atmosphere

It is well known that water vapour accelerates oxidation; however different gas conditions and material compositions affect the mechanism. The paper addresses this issue from two different application areas; biomass and kraft recovery boilers. In these applications water vapour and sulphur are simultaneously affecting the corrosion mechanism, though the mechanisms are different. Low-alloyed steels were exposed to an atmosphere containing different amounts of water vapour at temperatures of 420, 550 and 600°C. Under oxidising conditions increasing water content generally accelerates oxidation. However, presence of SO2 in moist atmosphere retards oxidation at high temperatures. The phenomenon is seen at low temperatures with higher chromium contents. Stainless steel 304L was tested in an atmosphere containing hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide with and without water vapour at a temperature of 440°C to simulate elevated kraft recovery boiler furnace conditions. The tests showed that water vapour in the test atmosphere produces a protective spinel oxide on the metal surface. In tests without water vapour, the initial scales at metal surface were different sulphur compounds and intensive sulphidation occurred. The effect of water vapour on the sulphidation mechanism is addressed in the paper through the described tests and thermodynamic modelling.

Distribution, phylogenetic diversity and physiological characteristics of epsilon-Proteobacteria in a deep-sea hydrothermal field

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1619-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Nakagawa ◽  
Ken Takai ◽  
Fumio Inagaki ◽  
Hisako Hirayama ◽  
Takuro Nunoura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Hydrothermal Field
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