scholarly journals Ultrasound Parameters of Umbilical Artery Blood Flow Are Associated with Amniotic Fluid and Umbilical Artery Concentrations of Erythropoietin and Oxidative Stress Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jiewen Tao ◽  
JingWang ◽  
Weiqi Jiang ◽  
Qi Meng ◽  
Mingjuan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4 ◽  
Intrauterine Hypoxia ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

Intrauterine hypoxia is the most frequent adverse intrauterine condition that occurs under a variety of circumstances including preeclampsia, placental insufficiency, high-altitude pregnancy, and any inflammatory condition during pregnancy resulting from gestational diabetes or even maternal obesity. However, early diagnosis of intrauterine hypoxia is still a challenge. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the systolic to diastolic ratio (S/D), resistant index (RI), and pulse index (PI) of the umbilical artery (UmA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flows obtained from 46 pregnant women with intrauterine hypoxia and 80 normal pregnant women at 28-31, 32-36, and 37-41 gestational weeks. Results found that the S/D, RI, and PI of UmA and MCA blood flows at 28-31, 32-36, and 37-41 gestational weeks were all increased in hypoxic fetuses than in normal fetuses ( P < 0.05 ). The malondialdehyde (MDA) level was elevated but superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) activities were reduced in the UmA blood of pregnant women with intrauterine hypoxia compared with normal pregnant women ( P < 0.05 ). It was found that the NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) activities were increased in the UmA blood of pregnant women with intrauterine hypoxia compared with normal pregnant women ( P < 0.05 ). Results of ELISA methods showed that the expression level of survivin was lower but the expression levels of caspase-3, caspase-6, and caspase-9 were higher in the placental tissues of pregnant women with intrauterine hypoxia than those in normal pregnant women ( P < 0.05 ). The concentrations of erythropoietin in the amniotic fluid and UmA blood were increased in pregnant women with intrauterine hypoxia compared with normal pregnant women ( P < 0.05 ). The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the S/D, RI, and PI of UmA blood flow at 37-41 gestational weeks were positively correlated with the levels of Nox2, Nox4, and MAD and the UmA concentration of erythropoietin but negatively correlated with the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT ( P < 0.05 ). In summary, the study indicates that ultrasound parameters of the UmA blood flow including S/D, RI, and PI could serve as predictors of intrauterine hypoxia.

Adoption of Color Doppler Ultrasound in the Measurement of Fetal Hypoxia in Late Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-567
Author(s):  
Wenying Wu ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Peiming Feng ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Minghui Nie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Color Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia ◽  
Neonatal Asphyxia ◽  
Intrauterine Hypoxia ◽  
Peak Blood

Objective: In order to improve the detection rate of fetal hypoxia in the third trimester and reduce the probability of adverse pregnancy outcome, color doppler ultrasound (CDU), and contractions were used to assess the severity of fetal hypoxia. Methods: The 61 pregnant women diagnosed with intrauterine hypoxia in South District of The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from October 2017 to September 2019 were classified as the sick group. Meanwhile, the 61 normal pregnant women were selected as the control group. CDU was used to detect the relevant indexes of umbilical artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the two groups, including pulse index (PI), resistance index (RI), systolic peak blood flow velocity (S) and diastolic peak blood flow velocity (D). The Apgar scale was used to score neonatal status. According to the score results, newborns were divided into Apgar ≤ 7 group and Apgar > 7 group. The indexes of UA and MCA were compared between the two groups. The amniotic fluid status of pregnant women was assessed using the contractile stimulation test (CST). The rate of amniotic fluid pollution in pregnant women and the incidence of neonatal asphyxia were calculated. Pregnant women were grouped according to the CST score. The correlation between CST score and amniotic fluid pollution and neonatal asphyxia in pregnant women was analyzed. Results: First, the index of fetal UA was obviously higher than that of the control group, while the index of MCA was obviously lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Second, the indexes of fetal UA in Apgar ≤ 7 group were obviously higher than those in Apgar > 7 group, while those in MCA were obviously lower than those in Apgar > 7 group (P < 0.05). Third, the incidence of amniotic fluid pollution and neonatal asphyxia in low and middle groups of pregnant women was obviously higher than that in high groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion: This indicates that the CDU technology combined with uterine contraction stimulation experiment can assess the degree of intrauterine hypoxia in the late stage of pregnancy, which provides a feasible scheme for clinical detection of intrauterine hypoxia.

scholarly journals Correlation of Doppler assessment of fetal aortic isthmus with perinatal outcome in intrauterine growth restriction

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3780
Author(s):  
Bhoomika Tantuway ◽  
Y. M. Mala ◽  
Anju Garg ◽  
Reva Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Aortic Isthmus ◽  
Diastolic Velocity

Background: The objective of the present study was to find out association between aortic isthmus Doppler changes and perinatal outcome in growth restricted fetuses with placental insufficiency.Methods: It is a prospective case control study, cases were 43 pregnant women with fetal growth restriction (FGR) with abnormal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler while 43 pregnant women with FGR but normal UA doppler, matched with period of gestation were taken as control. The direction of blood flow in aortic isthmus studied which may be antegrade, absent or retrograde and correlation between qualitative parameters of umbilical artery, aortic isthmus and ductus venosus were studied. Quantitative parameters, PI and RI were also calculated. Patients were managed as per hospital protocols. Perinatal outcome and any adverse event e.g. stillbirth, neonatal death, respiratory distress syndrome, intensive care unit stay >14 days etc. was noted.Results: The number of intrauterine death (IUD) and still birth was increased in women with absent and retrograde flow in aortic isthmus, 66.7% and 71.4% respectively (p value <0.001). Retrograde blood flow in the aortic isthmus is consistently associated with absent or reverse end diastolic velocity in umbilical artery and ductus venosus.Conclusions: Doppler of aortic isthmus is an additional parameter to assess severity of FGR. It plays an important role in termination of preterm FGR fetuses.

scholarly journals Retinol transport proteins and concentrations in human amniotic fluid, placenta, and fetal and maternal sera

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sklan ◽  
I. Shalit ◽  
N. Lasebnik ◽  
Z. Spirer ◽  
Y. Weisman
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Plasma Retinol

1. The proteins binding retinol, and retinol concentrations, were determined in amniotic fluid, placental cytosol and in the fetal and maternal circulation.2. In non-pregnant women, plasma retinol was almost exclusively found in a transthyretin-retinol-binding-protein complex whereas, in pregnant women, retinol-binding-protein-bound retinol was observed not complexed to transthyretin. This latter fraction increased in concentration with fetal age. These two fractions were the major retinol-protein complexes in amniotic fluid and their relative amounts changed with progress of gestation.3. In fetal blood both of these fractions were again found, with higher proportions of retinol-binding- protein-bound retinol in the umbilical artery than in the umbilical vein.

RELATIONSHIP OF INTERLEUKIN-6 AND BLOOD FLOW IN THE UMBILICAL ARTERY DURING EXCERVATION OF MONO- AND MIXT-CYTOMEGALOVIRAL INFECTION IN THE SECOND TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Andrievskaya ◽  
A Milovanov ◽  
Igor Gorikov ◽  
Inna Dovzhikova ◽  
Nataliya Ishutina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In order to determine the role of a cytokine in the regulation of blood supply to the placenta, the relationship between interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum and blood flow in the umbilical artery in healthy pregnant women and during pregnancy complicated by exacerbation of mono- and mixed cytomegalovirus infection in the second trimester was studied

scholarly journals The possibility of clinical use for the oxidative stress marker in correlation with blood flow parameters in pregnancy-induced hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Dragica Draganovic ◽  
Branka Cancarevic-Djajic ◽  
Dragica Jojic ◽  
Vesna Ljubojevic ◽  
Jelena Todorovic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Flow ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Tbars Values ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Introduction: In pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) there is a disorder in placental blood flow which causes intrauterine fetal hypoxia, and oxidative stress has a significant role in this condition. The aims of this research were to analyze the relation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), as a marker of oxidative stress and absent end-diastolic flow (AEDF), as well as the relation of TBARS and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR). Methods: The research included 200 pregnant women in the gestation period from 28th to 40th, 100 were in a control group and 100 were with PIH. The CPR and TBARS were analyzed in all examined pregnant women. The CPR was calculated by dividing the Doppler indices of the middle cerebral artery by the umbilical artery. Results: Mean value of TBARS in the group with the PIH who had AEDF was in the interval of high values - 43.22 μmol/l. The result shows that through the application of Spearman’s coefficient, the correlation results in a statistically significant correlation between CPR and TBARS values: ρ = - 0.249, p = 0.0001. Conclusion: PIH has a very high level of oxidative stress, especially in pregnant women with absent end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery and pathologic CPR. The Spearman’s test results in statistical significance and negative correlation, which means that in higher TBARS values, values of CPR are lower and vice versa, which indicates a possibility of clinical application of TBARS.

Features of hemodynamics of the mother–placenta–fetus system in the first half of pregnancy after the assisted reproductive technologies application

2018 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
L.M. Vygivska ◽  
◽  
I.V. Maidannyk ◽  
O.O. Chorna ◽  
V.F. Oleshko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
The Right

Doppler study is one of the main methods for assessing the condition of placental blood circulation and fetal hemodynamics. Doppler blood flow in the uterine arteries demonstrates the broad capabilities of the method for predicting pregnancy complications such as gestosis, fetal development delay, preterm birth, as well as for diagnosing adverse perinatal consequences. However, there is still no clear opinion about the feasibility of using Doppler as a screening test, as well as about the optimal pregnancy period for this type of study. The objective: is to study the hemodynamic features in pregnant women after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) application in the dynamics of the first part of pregnancy. Materials and methods. 299 pregnant women were examined – the main group included 249 women whose pregnancy occurred as a result of ART application. The control group consisted of 50 pregnant women with spontaneous pregnancy and its physiological course. I group – 94 women with tubal-peritoneal factor of infertility, II group – 87 women with endocrine factor of infertility, III group - 68 women whose infertility was caused by the male factor. Doppler ultrasound examination of the uterine arteries, arteries of the umbilical cord and middle cerebral arteries of the fetus were conducted. Results. It was found that the highest intensity of hemodynamics in the uterine artery basin at 11–12 weeks of gestation was recorded in a group of patients with a physiological course of pregnancy. The systolic-diastolic ratio in the right and left uterine arteries in these patients was 1.9 (1.8–2.7) and 2.1 (1.9–2.6), respectively. In contrast to women in the control group, pregnant women after ART application analyzed indicators were higher (1.6–1.9 times; p<0.0001). The systolic-diastolic ratio in the right uterine artery in III group was 3.0 (2.4–3.5), I group – 3.3 (3.1–3.4). Similar data were obtained analyzing the curves of blood flow rates in the left uterine artery – 2.9 (2.1–3.5) and 3.0 (2.7–3.6), respectively. The highest peripheral resistance, both in the right (3.6 (3.4–3.7) and left (3.5 (3.2–3.8) uterine arteries, was naturally registered in pregnant women of II group. In 36 (72%) patients with uncomplicated course and successful gestation at 11–12 weeks of pregnancy, blood flow was not recorded in the intervellon space. In the vast majority – 50 (73.5%) pregnant women of I group, two types of blood flow were registered in the intervellar space: pulsating arterial and continuous venous. Only in 18 (26.5%) patients of this group the blood flow in intervellon space was not determined. As a result of the obtained data analysis, it was found that at 16-17 weeks of gestation, the highest intensity of blood flow in the uterine artery pool was recorded in the control group. Thus, the systolic-diastolic ratio of the right and left uterine arteries in these subjects was 1.6 (1.5–1.8) and 1.8 (1.6–2.0). In pregnant women of the main group, the indicators were significantly higher (1.2-2.0 times; p<0.0001). The systolic-diastolic ratio in the uterine arteries in group III was 2,1 (1,9–2,6); 2,2 (1,9–2,5), in the II group – 3,1 (2,5–3,3); 2,2 (1,9–2,5), in the I group – 2,6 (2,5–3,2); 2,7 (2,5–2,9). In contrast to the control group, in which the systolic-diastolic ratio in the fetal umbilical artery was 3.4 (3.3–3.5), in III group patients, there was a significantly higher intensity of umbilical blood flow (S/D – 3.3 (3.5–3.6), p=0.03). At the same time, feto-placental hemodynamics in II and I groups patients was characterized by a significant increase in the numerical values of blood flow in the umbilical arteries (S/D – 4.5 (4.4–4.7), p=0.0001 and 3.5 (3.5–3.6), p=0.03, respectively). In patients of the control group, the systolic-diastolic ratio of the middle cerebral artery of the fetus at 16–17 weeks of gestation was 3.4 (3.4–3.5), almost completely coinciding with the same indicator in the umbilical artery (S/D – 3.4 (3.3–3.5). Patients of group III had a higher blood flow intensity, as evidenced by significantly lower (S/D 3.2 (3.1–3.3), compared with the control group (S/D 3.4 (3.4–3.5) absolute values of the systolic-diastolic ratio. An increase in the intensity of blood flow in the fetal medial artery (against the background of increased vascular resistance in the umbilical artery) was also recorded in the group of subjects of group II (S/D – 2.8 (2.7–2.9). High absolute values of systolic-diastolic ratio in the indicated vessel (4.4 (4.3–4.5) were found in the fetuses of the examined group and group, which characterize a significant decrease in the intensity of cerebral blood flow, compared with all the analyzed groups. Conclusions. Thus, the results of the study allow us to attribute Doppler ultrasound to highly informative research methods that make it possible to predict hemodynamic changes in the mother-placenta-fetus system, depending on the type of infertility, take preventive measures and start correction in time. Keywords: pregnancy, assisted reproductive technologies, Doppler ultrasound, uterine arteries, systolic-diastolic ratio.

scholarly journals Propionyl- l -Carnitine Improves Postischemic Blood Flow Recovery and Arteriogenetic Revascularization and Reduces Endothelial NADPH-Oxidase 4–Mediated Superoxide Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonietta Stasi ◽  
Maria Giovanna Scioli ◽  
Gaetano Arcuri ◽  
Giovan Giuseppe Mattera ◽  
Katia Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Superoxide Production ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4

scholarly journals New Approaches to Treatment of Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanar Kurmangali
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Port System

Introduction. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality due to placental insufficiency. Currently, one of the new approaches to treating this disease is the injection of nutrients to the fetus through intravascular port-systems (catheters).Objective. To assess the impact of nutrient injections as treatment to fetuses with severe growth retardation.Materials and methods. Pregnant women with IUGR (abdominal circumference (AC) < 5th percentile) with the absence of diastolic flow in the umbilical artery and a fetal gestational age of less than 30 weeks were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group included six pregnant women who had an intravascular port-system for the infusion of nutrients (amino acids and glucose) in the umbilical vein of the fetus for 14 ± 3 days. The control group consisted of eight patients who received only traditional dynamic monitoring and delivery at the optimum time of pregnancy. Fetal status was assessed using ultrasound equipment Accuvix V20 (Medison, South Korea) by examining indicators of biometry and Doppler study of blood flow in utero, umbilical arteries, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus with fetal vascular resistance index calculation - pulsatility index (PI). Criteria for blood flow disturbances in the vessels were considered PI values above normal values for their gestational age, which were defined as absence or reverse blood flow in a diastole in the umbilical artery.Results. In a comparative analysis of the two groups, the treatment led to a 44.7% increase in AC of the fetus (121.0 ± 11.5 mm and 219.3 ± 18.3 mm, respectively, p ˂ 0.001). In all cases, the profile of blood flow in the umbilical artery had a positive diastolic component. As a result, there was a 45.3% decrease in PI in the umbilical artery (2.14 ± 0.54 and 1.17 ± 0.15, respectively, p < 0.05). Average fetal weight in the study group was not significantly higher than the control group (1,120.3 ± 213.6 g and 909.6 ± 131.4 g, p > 0.05).Conclusion. Thus, injection of nutrients to the fetuses through intravascular port-system improved placental perfusion and metabolism, which has the potential for improved fetal growth. This, in turn, promoted full-term pregnancy and improved perinatal outcomes in fetal pathology.

Effectiveness the perfusion of Endometrial and Subendometrial and Endometrial volume on the endometrial receptivity of FET Cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Vajihe Hazari ◽  
Fatemeh Sarvi ◽  
Ashraf Alyasin ◽  
Marzieh Agha-Hosseini ◽  
Sedigheh Hosseinimousa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endometrial Volume ◽  
Endometrial Blood Flow

Objective: this study was effects of endometrial and subendometrial blood perfusion and endometrial volume on endometrial receptivity in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Materials and methods: This prospective observational cohort study, that on infertile women who referred for FET to Shariati Hospital and Omid Infertility Clinic in Tehran (Iran) .112 patients selected among eligible women with good quality embryos. After homogenization, participants underwent endometrial preparation for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) according to a similar routine protocol. On the day of the FET, they underwent a thorough ultrasound examination for possible effective parameters. Subsequently, one to two good quality blastocysts were transferred, and the pregnancy outcomes were monitored. Results: In vitro fertilization (IVF) was performed on 112 patients with a mean age of 33.93±4.93 years. Although, serum β-HCG level was used to confirm pregnancy. Accordingly, out of 112 participating patients, 50 (44.6%) became pregnant after IVF. Based on the results of this study, the endometrial blood flow was significantly different between the two groups of pregnant and non-pregnant women, so that a higher pregnancy rate was observed in participants with multi-focal and spare endometrial blood flows (P<0.05). Additionally, a significant relationship between endometrial blood flow and pregnancy outcome so that there was more ongoing pregnancy rates in those with multi-focal and spare endometrial blood flows (P<0.05). But the endometrial variables of volume, length, width, thickness and pattern were not significantly different between the two groups of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Moreover, contextual parameters had no significant relationship with pregnancy outcome (P>0.05). Endometrial measurement indices were also ineffective on pregnancy outcomes and no significant difference was there between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Collectively, the endometrial blood flow can play an effective role in improving pregnancy event and its stability after IVF, but the endometrial volume was unable to predict pregnancy event and its stability after IVF.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Functional Condition of a Fetus of Pregnancy in Chronic Pyelonephritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 80-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sh.G. Kadimova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

Aim of this study was to investigate the condition of the fetus and feto placental system in chronic pyelonephritis by identifying features in the feto- placental blood flow and middle cerebral artery system. Patients and methods.  We examined 68 pregnant women with chronic pyelonephritis and 50 healthy pregnant women as a control group . The study conducted a qualitative assessment of fetus and placental blood flow and blood flow in the middle cerebral artery of the fetus . The data on the condition of  feto- placental blood flow and blood flow in the middle cerebral artery in the examined pregnant and control group show a higher incidence of elevated systolic and diastolic performance ratio in the umbilical artery in patients with chronic pyelonephritis than somatically healthy women. Results. Studies have shown that the most accurate and informative indicator of violations feto- placental circulation is an increase in the umbilical artery  whose value ( 2.9 and above) reflects the high degree of suffering of the fetus on a background of chronic pyelonephritis. Conclusions. Diagnostically significant is the indicator of the middle cerebral artery blood flow, which reflects the mechanism of enhancement of cerebral circulation in chronic hypoxia due to violation of feto- placental circulation in patients with renal disease.Key words: placentary insufficiency, nephritic pathology, pregnancy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document