Saline Water Impact on Water Use Efficiency of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Using Drip Irrigation

Water shortage is a real problem in many parts of the world and finding alternative solutions such as the application of saline water in cropping systems is highly appreciated. Research on drip irrigation and soil salinity is still inadequate, and their effect on crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE) is a huge challenge for small farmers. The present study was conducted in Malir, a semiarid region in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The purpose was to estimate the effects of two different qualities of irrigation water including fresh quality water (IT1 0.56 dS m−1) and saline groundwater (IT2 2.89 dS m−1) on WUE using drip irrigation technology in 2018–19. The experimental design was complete randomized block design (RCBD) with two treatments of irrigation: (1) freshwater (IT1) with 0.56 dS m−1 electrical conductivity and (2) saline water (IT2) with 2.89 dS m−1 electrical conductivity. The average biomass and crop yield under IT1 were 10.2 t.ha−1 and 7.4 t.ha−1, respectively, and were found higher than those under IT2 (7.3 t−1 and 4.2 t.ha−1, respectively). Hence, both the treatments remained equally effective in season 1 as compared to season 2 ( p ≤ 0.05 ). The WUE of bitter melon under IT1 was 1.60 and 1.56 kg.m−3 in seasons 1 and 2, respectively, and was higher than those under IT2 which were observed 1.21 and 1.07 kg.m−3 in seasons 1 and 2, respectively.

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Yield of green beans subjected to continuous and pulse drip irrigation with saline water

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n7p476-481 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 476-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Willian F. de Almeida ◽

Vital P. da S. Paz ◽

Ana P. C. de Jesus ◽

Jucicléia S. da Silva ◽

Karoline S. Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Saline Water ◽

Green Bean ◽

Water Salinity ◽

Green Beans ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Bean Yield

ABSTRACT In view of the imminent need for efficient water use and the search for adequate management techniques to reduce the effect of salinity on plants, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of continuous and pulses drip irrigation with saline water on green bean yield and water use efficiency. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with treatments distributed in a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement. The first factor was type of drip irrigation, i.e., continuous or pulse, while the second factor was the levels of water salinity (electrical conductivity of 0.3, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1), with five replicates, and two plants per replicate, totaling 50 experimental units. The following variables were analysed: production of pods per pot, water use efficiency and the electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract. According to the results, significant effect of the interaction and decreasing linear fits in response to salinity occurred for all variables studied. It was possible to note that pulse drip irrigation reduced the negative effects of irrigation water salinity on green bean yield and increased water use efficiency.

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Cultivation of CNPA G3 sesame irrigated with saline water and fertilized with nitrate-N and ammonium-N

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n1p14-20 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 14-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Geovani S. de Lima ◽

Adaan S. Dias ◽

Lauriane A. dos A. Soares ◽

Hans R. Gheyi ◽

José P. Camara Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Saline Water ◽

Early Maturation ◽

Nitrate N ◽

Ammonium N ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Delayed Flowering

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation with saline water and fertilization with nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) ratios on growth, flowering, water consumption and water use efficiency of the sesame cv. CNPA G3. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks in a 5 x 5 factorial with three replicates, referring to five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water - ECw (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) (200/0, 150/50, 100/100, 50/150, 0/200 mg kg-1) ratios. Irrigation with saline water above 0.6 dS m-1 inhibited the growth, delayed flowering and promoted early maturation of capsules of sesame, cv. CNPA G3. The proportion of 0/200 mg kg-1 of NO3--N/NH4+-N promoted the greatest increase relative to stem diameter and height of sesame plants. Water consumption decreases with increasing ECw and was significantly lower in plants fertilized with the proportion of 0/200 of NO3--N/NH4+-N. The interaction between ECw levels and ammonium/nitrate proportions significantly affect water use efficiency, and the highest value was obtained with ECw of 0.6 dS m-1 and fertilization with 150:50 mg kg-1 of NO3--N and NH4+-N.

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Gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments in bell pepper irrigated with saline water

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n1p38-43 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 38-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hidelblandi F. de Melo ◽

Edivan R. de Souza ◽

Heitor H. F. Duarte ◽

Jailson C. Cunha ◽

Hugo R. B. Santos

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Water Use ◽

Photosynthetic Pigments ◽

Saline Water ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Gas Exchange Parameters ◽

Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT The tools that evaluate the salinity effects on plants have great relevance as they contribute to understanding of the mechanisms of tolerance. This study aimed to evaluate gas exchanges and the contents of photosynthetic pigments in bell peppers cultivated with saline solutions (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) prepared using two sources: NaCl and a mixture of Ca, Mg, K, Na and Cl salts, in randomized blocks with a 6 x 2 factorial scheme and 4 replicates, totaling 48 experimental plots. The net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (A/Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE), besides chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids were evaluated. The gas exchange parameters were efficient to indicate the effects of salinity. All photosynthetic pigments decreased with increased electrical conductivity, and the chlorophyll a is the most sensitive to salinity, while the water use efficiency increased with the increment of electrical conductivity.

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Effect of Drip Irrigation with Saline Water on Water Use Efficiency and Quality of Watermelons

Water Resources Management ◽

10.1023/b:warm.0000004917.16604.2c ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 395-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Lei Tingwu ◽

Xiao Juan ◽

Li Guangyong ◽

Mao Jianhua ◽

Wang Jianping ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Saline Water ◽

Use Efficiency

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Pan evaporation and sensor based approaches of irrigation scheduling for crop water requirement, growth and yield of okra

Journal of Agrometeorology ◽

10.54386/jam.v23i4.142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 389-395

Author(s):

VIKAS SHARMA ◽

P.K. SINGH ◽

S.R. BHAKAR ◽

K.K. YADAV ◽

S.S. LAKHAWAT ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Water Requirement ◽

Crop Water Requirement ◽

Pan Evaporation ◽

Crop Water ◽

Use Efficiency

The results of this study revealed that the pan evaporation and sensor based irrigation scheduling along with fertigation scheduling significantly affected the plant height, fruit weight, fruit length, crop water requirement, crop yield and water use efficiency of okra crop. The pan evaporation and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) values significantly vary over different stages of okra crop. The maximum and minimum average daily pan evaporation was recorded 8.4 mm day-1 and 4.5 mm day-1 at mid stage and late stage of okra crop respectively while, the maximum average daily ETc was recorded 7 mm day-1 at mid stage of okra crop. A approach of irrigation scheduling with 100 per cent field capacity, based on soil moisture sensor under automated drip irrigation system along with 100 per cent RDF through fertigation in equal splits at 4 day intervalor 80 % per cent of volume of crop water requirement based on pan evaporation under automated drip irrigation along with 100 per cent RDF through fertigation in equal splits at 2 day interval, can be used for irrigating okra crop with significant water saving, crop yield and water use efficiency under limited availability of daily weather datain climatic condition of Udaipur district of Rajasthan.

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Yield of eggplant using low quality water and pulse drip irrigation

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n12p822-826 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 822-826

Author(s):

Stephanie S. Arriero ◽

Willian F. de Almeida ◽

Vital P. da S. Paz ◽

Lucas F. Damasceno

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Saline Water ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Quality Water ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Marketable Fruit

ABSTRACT The use of saline water and wastewater in agriculture has been increasingly considered, and this is due to the increase in awareness about the conservation of natural resources and population growth, implying a greater demand for food. Drip irrigation already has many benefits and, with the splitting of the depths to be applied, results in pulse drip irrigation, which further favors the plant by providing more constant moisture in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of wastewater and saline water by pulse drip irrigation on eggplant yield and water use efficiency. The experimental design was randomized blocks in 2 x 5 factorial scheme, corresponding to continuous and pulse drip irrigation and five types of water (municipal, saline (sodium chloride), saline (calcium chloride), wastewater, and a mix of saline (sodium chloride) and wastewater), with five repetitions. Water use efficiency was quantified according to the water applied and the production. Pulse drip irrigation promoted higher marketable fruit yield. The best performance of eggplant was verified when wastewater was applied via pulse drip irrigation. Wastewater via pulse drip irrigation can be used to grow eggplant for higher marketable yield and water use efficiency.

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SALINE WATER IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON THE CULTIVATION OF COLORED FIBER COTTON

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n118rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 151-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽

ADAAN SUDARIO DIAS ◽

HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽

LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES ◽

ELYSSON MARCKS GONÇALVES ANDRADE

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Saline Water Irrigation ◽

Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT In Northeast Brazil, the cultivation of colored fiber cotton has stood out as one of the agricultural activities of expressive importance because its fiber has various applications in the industry and it is a labor-demanding crop. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the growth, water consumption, water use efficiency and production of the colored fiber cotton cv. ‘BRS Rubi’, as a function of saline water irrigation and nitrogen (N) doses. The experiment was conducted in lysimeters, under greenhouse conditions, in eutrophic Regolithic Neosol, with a sandy loam texture, in Campina Grande-PB, Brazil. The plants were irrigated using water with electrical conductivities (ECw) of 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1 and 9.1 dS m-1 and fertilized with N doses (ND) of 65, 100, 135, 170 and 205 mg N kg-1 soil, in a completely randomized block design, with three replicates. Irrigation using water with an ECw above 5.1 dS m-1, hampered growth, water consumption and water use efficiency of ‘BRS Rubi’ cotton. Among the organs, the cotton root system was less affected by the salt stress in comparison to the shoots. N fertilization did not mitigate the deleterious effect of salt stress on cotton growth, water consumption, water use efficiency and production. The interaction between water salinity and N fertilization had positive effects on total weight of seeds and lint, and the highest values were obtained in plants irrigated with water of ECw 7.6 and 7.5 dS m-1 and ND of 65 mg N kg-1 of soil.

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Effect of Sprinkler and Basin Irrigation Systems on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Canola Crop

Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology ◽

10.22581/muet1982.2102.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 450-458

Author(s):

Nazar Gul ◽

Ashifa Soomro ◽

Muhammad Munir Babar ◽

Liaquat Ali Jamali ◽

Bilawal Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Irrigation Method ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

T1 And T2 ◽

Basin Irrigation

An experiment was conducted to assess the yield potential and Water Use Efficiency (WUE) of Canola crop grown under sprinkler and basin irrigation techniques on a clay loam soil. The experiment was designed by the Principles of Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two treatments, viz. T1 (sprinkler irrigation method) and T2 (basin irrigation method), replicated four times. Marginal quality water with Electrical Conductivity (ECw) of 1.83 dS/m and pH of 8.2 was used for irrigation. The crop yield obtained under T1 and T2 treatments were 1,407.9 and 1,123.8 kg ha-1, respectively; 20% more yield was observed under T1 treatment. In the given order of treatments (T1 and T2), the Canola crop used 3,605 and 4,453 m3 ha-1 of irrigation water, hence, 19% water saving was achieved by T1 treatment. The WUE attained under T1 and T2 treatments were 0.39 and 0.25 kg m-3 respectively; therefore, 35.8% WUE was enhanced under T1 treatment. While comparing the agronomic parameters of the crop under the two procedures, all the observed parameters (plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1, pod length, number of seeds pod-1 and biomass plant-1) were superior in case of T1 treatment than T2 treatment. The soil Electrical Conductivity (ECse), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) increased, and pH decreased under both the treatments, however, the maximum increase in ECse, SAR and ESP, and maximum decrease in pH occurred under T2 treatment. Statistical analysis showed that the crop yield, irrigation water use, WUE, ECse, pH, SAR, ESP, and all the agronomic parameters differed significantly (p < 0.05) under the two treatments.

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