Lineage-Specific Alterations in Gynecologic Neoplasms with Choriocarcinomatous Differentiation: Implications for Origin and Therapeutics

The female reproductive tract may be the site of a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors, as well as non-neoplastic tumor-like conditions, most of which can be diagnosed by light microscopic examination including special stains and more recently immunoperoxidase techniques. Nevertheless there are situations where ultrastructural examination can contribute substantially to an accurate and specific diagnosis. It is my opinion that electron microscopy can be of greatest benefit and is most cost effective when applied in conjunction with other methodologies. Thus, I have developed an approach which has proved useful for me and may have benefit for others. In cases where it is deemed of potential value, glutaraldehyde-fixed material is obtained at the time of frozen section or otherwise at operation. Coordination with the gynecologic oncologist is required in the latter situation. This material is processed and blocked and is available if a future need arises.

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An Emerging Anti-p16 Antibody-BC42 Clone as an Alternative to the Current E6H4 for Use in the Female Genital Tract Pathological Diagnosis: Our Experience and a Review on p16ink4a Functional Significance, Role in Daily-Practice Diagnosis, Prognostic Potential, and Technical Pitfalls

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11040713 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 713

Author(s):

Giuseppe Angelico ◽

Angela Santoro ◽

Frediano Inzani ◽

Patrizia Straccia ◽

Saveria Spadola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Female Genital Tract ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

High Grade ◽

The Novel ◽

Medical Systems ◽

Ovarian Carcinomas ◽

Study Results ◽

Diagnostic Applications ◽

Gynecologic Neoplasms

Background: To date, useful diagnostic applications of p16 IHC have been documented in gynecological pathology both for HPV-related and non-HPV-related lesions. In the present article, we reported our experience with the novel anti-p16 INK4a antibody (clone BC42), whose expression was tested across all different gynecologic neoplasms; we also compared it to the traditional E6H4 clone. Moreover, we discussed and explored all the diagnostic applications of p16 IHC in gynecologic pathology. Methods: Consultation cases covering a 5-year period (2016–2020) regarding gynecological neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in which immunohistochemistry for p16, clone E6H4 was originally performed, were retrospectively retrieved from the files of our institution. Immunohistochemical staining for p16ink4a (BC42) [Biocare Medical group-Paceco USA; Bioptica Milan] and p16ink4a (E6H4) [Ventana Medical Systems-Arizona USA; Roche] was performed by using the Ventana automated immunostainer (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ, USA). The immunostaining pattern was defined as negative, focal/patchy, or diffuse. Results: A total of 196 cases, represented by 36 high-grade SIL/CIN3 of the uterine cervix, 30 cervical adenocarcinomas, 22 cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 70 endometrial carcinomas, 25 high grade serous ovarian carcinomas, 6 uterine adenomatoid tumors, and 10 uterine leiomyosarcomas were included in this study. Results showed concordant staining quality of both clones on all tested neoplastic tissues. Conclusions: The novel anti-p16 antibody (BC42 clone) appeared as an alternative to the current E6H4 for use in gynecological neoplasms, offering similar levels of positivity and equally reliable staining results.

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Gynecologic Neoplasms

Clinical Perspective in Obstetrics and Gynecology - Pediatric and Adolescent Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1007/978-1-4612-5064-7_11 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 124-148

Author(s):

John A. Carlson

Keyword(s):

Gynecologic Neoplasms

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Synchronous gynecologic cancer and the use of imaging for diagnosis

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.62.02.116 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 116-119

Author(s):

Camila Silva Boaventura ◽

José Lucas Scarpinetti Galvão ◽

Giovanna Milanes Bego Soares ◽

Almir Galvão Vieira Bitencourt ◽

Rubens Chojniak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Gynecologic Cancer ◽

Imaging Evaluation ◽

Surgical Specimen ◽

Cervical Cancers ◽

Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽

First Case ◽

Young Subjects ◽

Gynecologic Neoplasms ◽

Case Diagnosis

Summary Endometrial and cervical cancers are the most prevalent gynecologic neoplasms. While endometrial cancer occurs in older women, cervical cancer is more prevalente in young subjects. The most common clinical manifestation in these two gynecological cancers is vaginal bleeding. In the first case, diagnosis is made based on histological and imaging evaluation of the endometrium, while cervical cancers are diagnosed clinically, according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). The authors present a case of synchronous gynecological cancer of the endometrium and cervix diagnosed during staging on MRI and confirmed by histological analysis of the surgical specimen.

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Paraneoplastic syndromes of gynecologic neoplasms.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1997.15.3.1272 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 1272-1282 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

A A Ashour ◽

C F Verschraegen ◽

A P Kudelka ◽

J J Kavanagh

Keyword(s):

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽

Paraneoplastic Syndromes ◽

Gynecologic Malignancies ◽

Intravascular Coagulation ◽

Underlying Malignancy ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Comprehensive Search ◽

Gynecologic Neoplasms

PURPOSE AND DESIGN The purpose of this review is to define and describe the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with gynecologic neoplasms. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE from 1966 to January 1996 and Cancerlit was performed. One hundred twenty-two reports were reviewed. RESULTS Twenty-four paraneoplastic syndromes have been associated with gynecologic malignancies. Six anatomic systems are affected by these syndromes. However, except for disseminated intravascular coagulation and hypercalcemia, these syndromes are rare. CONCLUSION Paraneoplastic syndromes are not frequently associated with gynecologic malignancies. The diagnosis of these syndromes is essential, as they can be occasionally life-threatening. Some paraneoplastic syndromes can be used as marker of progression or regression of the underlying malignancy.

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Abstract 3456: MUC16/CA125, TNFα and IFNγ are co-expressed in malignant gynecologic neoplasms

10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3456 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Micaela Morgado ◽

Margie N. Sutton ◽

Mary Simmons ◽

Jinsong Liu ◽

Zhen Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gynecologic Neoplasms

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Evaluation of the indications for performing magnetic resonance imaging of the female pelvis at a referral center for cancer, according to the American College of Radiology criteria

Radiologia Brasileira ◽

10.1590/0100-3984.2015.0123 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Camila Silva Boaventura ◽

Daniel Padilha Rodrigues ◽

Olimpio Antonio Cornehl Silva ◽

Fabrício Henrique Beltrani ◽

Rayssa Araruna Bezerra de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Pelvic Pain ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Female Pelvis ◽

Referral Center ◽

Acr Criteria ◽

Pelvic Malignancies ◽

Gynecologic Neoplasms

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the indications for performing magnetic resonance imaging of the female pelvis at a referral center for cancer. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study, conducted by reviewing medical records and imaging reports. We included 1060 female patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis at a cancer center between January 2013 and June 2014. The indications for performing the examination were classified according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) criteria. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.6 ± 14.8 years, and 49.8% were perimenopausal or postmenopausal. The majority (63.9%) had a history of cancer, which was gynecologic in 29.5% and nongynecologic in 34.4%. Of the patients evaluated, 44.0% had clinical complaints, the most common being pelvic pain (in 11.5%) and bleeding (in 9.8%), and 34.7% of patients had previously had abnormal findings on ultrasound. Most (76.7%) of the patients met the criteria for undergoing magnetic resonance imaging, according to the ACR guidelines. The main indications were evaluation of tumor recurrence after surgical resection (in 25.9%); detection and staging of gynecologic neoplasms (in 23.3%); and evaluation of pelvic pain or of a mass (in 17.1%). Conclusion: In the majority of the cases evaluated, magnetic resonance imaging was clearly indicated according to the ACR criteria. The main indication was local recurrence after surgical treatment of pelvic malignancies, which is consistent with the routine protocols at cancer centers.

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