scholarly journals Synchronous gynecologic cancer and the use of imaging for diagnosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
Camila Silva Boaventura ◽  
José Lucas Scarpinetti Galvão ◽  
Giovanna Milanes Bego Soares ◽  
Almir Galvão Vieira Bitencourt ◽  
Rubens Chojniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
First Case ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Gynecologic Neoplasms ◽  
Case Diagnosis

Summary Endometrial and cervical cancers are the most prevalent gynecologic neoplasms. While endometrial cancer occurs in older women, cervical cancer is more prevalente in young subjects. The most common clinical manifestation in these two gynecological cancers is vaginal bleeding. In the first case, diagnosis is made based on histological and imaging evaluation of the endometrium, while cervical cancers are diagnosed clinically, according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). The authors present a case of synchronous gynecological cancer of the endometrium and cervix diagnosed during staging on MRI and confirmed by histological analysis of the surgical specimen.

Assessment of gynecological malignancies based on pathologic reports in five general hospitals in Tehran (1995–2005)

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5550-5550
Author(s):  
S. Momtahen ◽  
A. Sadreddin Kazzazi ◽  
M. Kadivar
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Gynecological Tumors ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

5550 Background: Various histological types of gynecological tumors may develop from different etiological aspects. The observed differences in cancer incidence are mainly due to different individual and social risk factors. Step toward establishing a nation wide registry is being taken in this study. Methods: To give a relative frequency of female genital tract malignant tumors in Iran we designed a cross-sectional study included 450 women with definite diagnosis of gynecological cancer based on pathologic reports in five pathologic centers, Iran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, 1995–2005. WHO classification of gynecological tumors and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) were used as basis of study. Spss 14 and correlation test was used for data analysis. Results: The average age of diagnosis was (50±0.7). 49.6% were menopausal. 82.7% were multipar. 89.8% were nonsmoker. 9.3% had history of using OCP. Ovarian cancers (55.5%), uterus cancers (24.9%) and cervical cancers (19.6%) were diagnosed. Surface epithelial-stromal tumor was the most frequent type of ovarian tumors (78.4%). Endometrial adenocarcinoma (70.5%) and squamous cell carcinoma (83%) were most frequent types of uterus and cervical cancers respectively.Well differentiated tumors were seen in 45%, 37% and 36% of uterus, cervical and ovarian tumors. In tumors of uterus and cervix the most frequent stage of diagnosis was stage IIA. The most metastatic diagnosed cases were seen between ovarian tumors (39.7%). Conclusions: Comparison with data published as review articles in NEJM till 2006, the most frequent gynecologic cancer in our study (ovarian cancer) is different to them; also the median age of our patients is lower than them. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Linking type 2 diabetes and gynecological cancer: an introductory overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1413-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Anastasi ◽  
Tiziana Filardi ◽  
Sara Tartaglione ◽  
Andrea Lenzi ◽  
Antonio Angeloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Introductory Overview ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Gynecologic Neoplasms ◽  
Correct Understanding

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease with a growing prevalence and a leading cause of death in many countries. Several epidemiological studies observed an association between T2D and increased risk of many types of cancer, such as gynecologic neoplasms (endometrial, cervical, ovarian and vulvar cancer). Insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and high free ovarian steroid hormones are considered the possible mechanisms behind this complex relationship. A higher risk of endometrial cancer was observed in T2D, even though this association largely attenuated after adjusting for obesity. A clear relationship between the incidence of cervical cancer (CC) and T2D has still not be determined; however T2D might have an impact on prognosis in patients with CC. To date, studies on the association between T2D and ovarian cancer (OC) are limited. The effect of pre-existing diabetes on cancer-specific mortality has been evaluated in several studies, with less clear results. Other epidemiological and experimental studies focused on the potential role of diabetes medications, mainly metformin, in cancer development in women. The correct understanding of the link between T2D and gynecologic cancer risk and mortality is currently imperative to possibly modify screening and diagnostic-therapeutic protocols in the future.

scholarly journals Relationship between Air Pollutant Exposure and Gynecologic Cancer Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5353
Author(s):  
Qiwei Yu ◽  
Liqiang Zhang ◽  
Kun Hou ◽  
Jingwen Li ◽  
Suhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk

Exposure to air pollution has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of women’s health disorders. However, it remains unknown to what extent changes in ambient air pollution affect gynecological cancer. In our case–control study, the logistic regression model was combined with the restricted cubic spline to examine the association of short-term exposure to air pollution with gynecological cancer events using the clinical data of 35,989 women in Beijing from December 2008 to December 2017. We assessed the women’s exposure to air pollutants using the monitor located nearest to each woman’s residence and working places, adjusting for age, occupation, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were examined to evaluate gynecologic cancer risk in six time windows (Phase 1–Phase 6) of women’s exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) and the highest ORs were found in Phase 4 (240 days). Then, the higher adjusted ORs were found associated with the increased concentrations of each pollutant (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) in Phase 4. For instance, the adjusted OR of gynecological cancer risk for a 1.0-mg m−3 increase in CO exposures was 1.010 (95% CI: 0.881–1.139) below 0.8 mg m−3, 1.032 (95% CI: 0.871–1.194) at 0.8–1.0 mg m−3, 1.059 (95% CI: 0.973–1.145) at 1.0–1.4 mg m−3, and 1.120 (95% CI: 0.993–1.246) above 1.4 mg m−3. The ORs calculated in different air pollution levels accessed us to identify the nonlinear association between women’s exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) and the gynecological cancer risk. This study supports that the gynecologic risks associated with air pollution should be considered in improved public health preventive measures and policymaking to minimize the dangerous effects of air pollution.

scholarly journals GYNOCARE Update: Modern Strategies to Improve Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecologic Tumors—Current Challenges and Future Directions

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Riccardo Di Fiore ◽  
Sherif Suleiman ◽  
Bridget Ellul ◽  
Sharon A. O’Toole ◽  
Charles Savona-Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Rare Cancer ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Gynecologic Tumors

More than 50% of all gynecologic tumors can be classified as rare (defined as an incidence of ≤6 per 100,000 women) and usually have a poor prognosis owing to delayed diagnosis and treatment. In contrast to almost all other common solid tumors, the treatment of rare gynecologic tumors (RGT) is often based on expert opinion, retrospective studies, or extrapolation from other tumor sites with similar histology, leading to difficulty in developing guidelines for clinical practice. Currently, gynecologic cancer research, due to distinct scientific and technological challenges, is lagging behind. Moreover, the overall efforts for addressing these challenges are fragmented across different European countries and indeed, worldwide. The GYNOCARE, COST Action CA18117 (European Network for Gynecological Rare Cancer Research) programme aims to address these challenges through the creation of a unique network between key stakeholders covering distinct domains from concept to cure: basic research on RGT, biobanking, bridging with industry, and setting up the legal and regulatory requirements for international innovative clinical trials. On this basis, members of this COST Action, (Working Group 1, “Basic and Translational Research on Rare Gynecological Cancer”) have decided to focus their future efforts on the development of new approaches to improve the diagnosis and treatment of RGT. Here, we provide a brief overview of the current state-of-the-art and describe the goals of this COST Action and its future challenges with the aim to stimulate discussion and promote synergy across scientists engaged in the fight against this rare cancer worldwide.

scholarly journals Abdominal angiostrongyliasis: report of two cases with different clinical presentations

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 339-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Rodriguez ◽  
Roberta Martins Dequi ◽  
Lucas Peruzzo ◽  
Paulo Moacir Mesquita ◽  
Errol Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Ileal Perforation ◽  
Clinical Forms ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
First Case ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Abdominal angiostrongyliasis is a sporadic infectious disease caused by the nematode Angiostrongylus costaricensis. It usually presents as acute abdomen, secondary to mesenteric ischemia, and pronounced eosinophilia. In some cases its course is insidious and transient, and the diagnosis is suspicious. The disease is confirmed by the detection of A. costaricensis elements in surgical specimen. The treatment is supportive, with avoidance of antihelminthic administration due to a possible erratic migration followed by worsening of the disease. We report two cases, both with intense eosinophilia and serum IgG-ELISA positive to A. costaricensis. The first case presented ileal perforation and was surgically treated. The second one showed hepatic nodules at ultrasound and was only symptomatically treated, evolving to an apparent protracted resolution. These two cases exemplify different clinical forms of the disease, one of them with liver involvement.

scholarly journals Cross-segment spinal plasma cell granuloma:a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renqin Lin ◽  
Shenglin Wang ◽  
Jianhua Lin ◽  
Zhenzhen Zhang ◽  
Xuanwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Thoracolumbar Spine ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracolumbar Region

Abstract Background Plasma cell granuloma (PCG) is a rare non-neoplastic entity, with the precise etiology remaining unclear. Vertebra-affected spinal PCG has not been reported yet. This report presented a case with cross-segment spinal PCG in thoracolumbar region. Case presentation A 32-year-old male patient presented to the authors’ hospital since his health check-up results showed osteolytic lesions in the thoracolumbar spine. He felt asymptomatic throughout the course. Radiological examination revealed destructive changes at T12 and L1 vertebrae. Whereas laboratory examination excluded malignant tumor. The results of routine incisional biopsy remained inconclusive, thereby necessitating complete excision of the lesions. Finally, the infiltration of plasma cells observed by pathological examination of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of PCG. Conclusions To the authors’ knowledge, this was the first case of cross-segment spinal PCG with osteolytic property. The possibility of PCG should be considered for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of an osteolytic lesion in the spine. Since the etiology of PCG is unknown, the disorder was confirmed based on excluded diagnosis. Surgical resection is recommended both for the definite diagnosis and treatment of spinal PCG.

scholarly journals State of the art in vulvar cancer imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-324
Author(s):  
Maria Ana Serrado ◽  
Mariana Horta ◽  
Teresa Margarida Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vulvar Cancer ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Vulvar Carcinoma ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

Abstract Vulvar carcinoma is an uncommon tumor that predominantly affects postmenopausal women. Currently, there is no screening procedure for vulvar carcinoma; in most cases, it is diagnosed only when symptoms appear. The most widely used staging system is that developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Lymph node status is the most important prognostic factor. We searched the PubMed/Medline database to identify relevant English-language articles on vulvar cancer, with a special focus on its imaging evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful for local and nodal staging, as well as facilitating the planning of surgical interventions and radiotherapy. Computed tomography or positron-emission tomography/computed tomography can play an important role in nodal and distant disease assessment, whereas ultrasound is often used for image-guided biopsies. Imaging is pivotal for staging and treatment planning in vulvar carcinoma.

scholarly journals European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) and International Gynecologic Cancer Society (IGCS) position statement on managing the menopause after gynecological cancer: focus on menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Rees ◽  
Roberto Angioli ◽  
Robert L Coleman ◽  
Rosalind M Glasspool ◽  
Francesco Plotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Low Grade

Worldwide, it is estimated that about 1.3 million new gynecological cancer cases are diagnosed each year. For 2018, the predicted annual totals were cervix uteri 569 847, corpus uteri 382 069, ovary 295 414, vulva 44 235, and va​gina 17 600. Treatments include hysterectomy with or without bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. These can result in loss of ovarian function and, in women under the age of 45 years, early menopause. The aim of this position statement is to set out an individualized approach to the management, with or without menopausal hormone therapy, of menopausal symptoms and the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women with gynecological cancer. Our methods comprised a literature review and consensus of expert opinion. The limited data suggest that women with low-grade, early-stage endometrial cancer may consider systemic or topical estrogens. However, menopausal hormone therapy may stimulate tumor growth in patients with more advanced disease, and non-hormonal approaches are recommended. Uterine sarcomas may be hormone dependent, and therefore estrogen and progesterone receptor testing should be undertaken to guide decisions as to whether menopausal hormone therapy or non-hormonal strategies should be used. The limited evidence available suggests that menopausal hormone therapy, either systemic or topical, does not appear to be associated with harm and does not decrease overall or disease-free survival in women with non-serous epithelial ovarian cancer and germ cell tumors. Caution is required with both systemic and topical menopausal hormone therapy in women with serous and granulosa cell tumors because of their hormone dependence, and non-hormonal options are recommended as initial therapy. There is no evidence to contraindicate the use of systemic or topical menopausal hormone therapy by women with cervical, vaginal, or vulvar cancer, as these tumors are not considered to be hormone dependent.

Future opportunities of the Gynecological Cancer Intergroup

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C.E. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Phase Iii Clinical Trials ◽  
Global Partnerships

The Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) is an international collaboration of cooperative clinical trials groups who conduct randomized phase III clinical trials in the population of women affected by gynecologic cancer. This collaboration amongst 18 member groups allows for rapid accrual of women to such trials with outcomes that are rapidly generated and readily generalizable to a broad population. Future considerations should include studies in prevention and translational research through improved processes and new global partnerships

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