Cholesteatoma in Children: Histopathologic Findings in Middle Ear Ossicles

Fossil remains witness the relationship between the appearance of the middle ear and the expansion of the brain in early mammals. Nevertheless, the lack of detachment of ear ossicles in the mammaliaform Morganucodon, despite brain enlargement, points to other factors that triggered brain expansion in early mammals. Moreover, brain expansion in some early mammalian groups seems to have favored brain regions other than the cortex.

Download Full-text

Scanning Electron Microscopy in the Evaluation of Defects to the Ossicular Chain in the Course of Chronic Otitis Media

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561319873913 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 014556131987391

Author(s):

Agnieszka Wiatr ◽

Katarzyna Swiezy ◽

Jacek Skladzien ◽

Maciej Wiatr

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Ossicular Chain ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Ear Ossicles ◽

Scanning Electron

Objective: Chronic otitis media is a heterogeneous disorder. Chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma and, to a lesser extent, chronic otitis media with granulation lead to the destruction of bone structures within the middle ear. Bone loss may appear in the prominence of the horizontal semicircular canals and the bony canal of the facial nerve. The inflammatory process may spread to the bony labyrinth of the sigmoidal sinuses and the cranial cavities. Materials and Methods: The analysis comprised the examination of fragments of auditory ossicles removed during surgery in 21 patients with various types of chronic inflammation of the middle ear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of scanning electron microscopy in evaluating the erosion of middle ear ossicles in different types of chronic otitis media. Images captured at various magnifications were used for the best possible illustration of the observed lesions in bone tissue. Results: The observed lesions and the degree of bone surface damage were dependent on the type of chronic inflammation of the middle ear. The largest destructive changes in the ossicular chain were observed in chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma; smaller changes were observed in chronic otitis media with granulation. Conclusion: In the case of damage to the ossicles inflicted by inflammation, the use of a modeled bone block made of a temporal bone taken from outside the tympanic cavity or a biomaterial prosthesis is a good choice in ossiculoplasty.

Download Full-text

Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry of the Middle Ear Ossicles

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/014556139707600409 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 213-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Geoffrey R. Ball ◽

Alex Huber ◽

Richard L. Goode

Keyword(s):

Middle Ear ◽

Single Point ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽

Ossicular Chain ◽

Laser Doppler ◽

Scanning Laser ◽

Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽

Point Analysis ◽

Ear Ossicles

This paper describes measurements of the vibratory modes of the middle ear ossicles made with a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Previous studies of the middle ear ossicles with single-point laser Doppler measurements have raised questions regarding the vibrational modes of the ossicular chain. Single-point analysis methods do not have the ability to measure multiple points on the ossicles and, consequently, have limited ability to simultaneously record relative phase information at these points. Using a Polytec Model PSV-100, detailed measurements of the ossicular chain have been completed in the human temporal bone model. This model, when driven with a middle ear transducer, provides detailed three-dimensional data of the vibrational patterns of the middle ear ossicles. Implications for middle ear implantable devices are discussed.

Download Full-text

Incorporation Of Radioactive Calcium Into Otolithic Membranes And Middle Ear Ossicles Of The Gerbil

Acta Oto-Laryngologica ◽

10.3109/00016487509121327 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 80 (1-6) ◽

pp. 269-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

R. E. Preston ◽

L. -G. Johnsson ◽

J. H. Hill ◽

J. Schacht

Keyword(s):

Middle Ear ◽

Ear Ossicles

Download Full-text

The Formation and Position of Middle Ear Ossicles During Development in Cetacea

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04412 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Joseph Pacaldo Abano ◽

Christian Karl Schmidt ◽

J.G.M. Thewissen ◽

Jennifer Dawn Sensor

Keyword(s):

Middle Ear ◽

Ear Ossicles

Download Full-text

Safety and Efficacy of Chitosan-Dextran Hydrogel in the Middle Ear in an Animal Model

Audiology and Neurotology ◽

10.1159/000447623 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 254-260

Author(s):

Selin Ünsaler ◽

Bora Başaran ◽

Şule Öztürk Sarı ◽

Eyüp Kara ◽

Kemal Değer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Middle Ear ◽

Auditory Brainstem ◽

Contralateral Side ◽

Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽

Control Group ◽

Ear Surgery ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Intratympanic Injection ◽

Temporal Bones ◽

Histopathologic Findings

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of chitosan-dextran hydrogel (CDH) in preventing postoperative adhesions between the tympanic membrane (TM) and intratympanic structures, and to evaluate its ototoxicity in an animal study. Methods: In the first step, ototoxicity was evaluated with 7 male albino guinea pigs (GPs) via auditory brainstem responses (ABR) before and 4 weeks after unilateral intratympanic injection of CDH and saline solution contralaterally. In the second step, 12 GPs underwent bilateral ear surgery. The middle ear (ME) mucosa was abraded, and the cavity was filled with CDH on one side and packed with Gelfoam on the contralateral side. A control group of 6 GPs underwent the same procedure except that no material was applied in the ME. The animals were euthanized at the end of the 7th week, and otomicroscopic findings were noted and the temporal bones harvested for the histologic examination. The findings were scored and compared. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the pre- and postoperative ABR thresholds. In the otomicroscopic findings, the most prominent difference between the two groups was the presence of retraction of the TM in the Gelfoam group. The histopathologic findings revealed a higher degree of inflammation in the Gelfoam group compared with the CDH group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CDH has no ototoxic effects in GPs. Its use as an ME packing material revealed significantly less TM retraction and inflammatory reaction compared with Gelfoam.

Download Full-text