Total Effective Vascular Compliance and Renal Filtration Fraction in Normotensive Subjects and Essential Hypertensive Patients

2015 ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
G. M. London ◽  
J. A. Levenson ◽  
A. F. Hornych ◽  
A. M. London ◽  
M. E. Safar
Keyword(s):  
Filtration Fraction ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Effective Vascular Compliance

scholarly journals Renal filtration fraction, effective vascular compliance, and partition of fluid volumes in sustained essential hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. London ◽  
M.E. Safar ◽  
J.A. Levenson ◽  
A.C. Simon ◽  
M.A. Temmar
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Filtration Fraction ◽  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Effective Vascular Compliance

Kinetics of bumetanide-sensitive Na+-K+ co-transport in erythrocytes of essential hypertensive patients

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Delva ◽  
Mario De Gasperi ◽  
Maurizio Degan ◽  
Grazia Covi ◽  
Alessandro Lechi
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cation Transport ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Apparent Affinity ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Kinetics Of

1. Outward bumetanide-sensitive Na+-K+ co-transport was studied in the erythrocytes of 51 subjects, 24 normotensive subjects and 27 hypertensive patients, matched for sex and age. 2. Three kinetic parameters of this cation transport system were considered: velocity of efflux at saturating internal sodium (Nai) concentrations (Vmax.), apparent affinity for sodium (K50%) and index of co-operativity among Nai sites (Hill's n). 3. We correlated these values with clinical and laboratory data determined routinely in hypertension. 4. There were no significant differences between normotensive and hypertensive subjects for the values considered and we did not find any significant correlations between co-transport and clinical data.

Abstract P274: Fruit Extract (blueberry, Cranberry, And Promegranate) Improved Insulin Resistance In Overweight Hypertensive And Normotensive Subjects

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila N Novaes ◽  
Mariele Moraes ◽  
Keyla Katayama ◽  
Carine Sangaleti ◽  
Maria Claudia Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Group B

Arterial hypertension is frequently associated to glucose and lipid metabolism abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to determine if antioxidants (fruit extract) supplementation interfere with glucose and lipid metabolism in overweight hypertensive patients. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 30 individuals, 23 hypertensive patients (group A) and 7 normotensive controls (group B). They were randomized to take 3 capsules of different fruits extract a day (blueberry, cranberry and pomegranate) or placebo for 4 weeks. This is a crossover study, which started with placebo changed to capsules and vice versa. Blood samples were collected after 12 hours fasting for biochemical tests (glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides), anthropometric assessment (weight, height, and body mass index), systolic BP, diastolic BP and heart rate were evaluated at baseline, after 4, and 8 weeks. The comparisons between groups were held with the GLM repeated measures. Twenty three hypertensive patients (age 47 years, 14 females) and 7 normotensive controls (age 40 years, 7 females) were evaluated. BMI, blood pressure, heart and lipid profile did not differ between groups. HOMAir decreased significantly in both groups. See results in table 1. Values are expressed as medians (±SD) In these preliminary results a 4-weeks supplementation of antioxidants (fruit extract) improved insulin resistance in overweight hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Financial support: FAPESP 2014/25808-3

Changes in Leucocyte Sodium Efflux Rates in Normotensive Relatives of Known Hypertensive Patients and Normotensive Subjects

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 69P-69P ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Heagerty ◽  
R.F. Bing ◽  
H. Thurston ◽  
J.D. Swales
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

scholarly journals Effect of Sulfaphenazole on Tissue Plasminogen Activator Release in Normotensive Subjects and Hypertensive Patients

Circulation ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 1625-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Giannarelli ◽  
Agostino Virdis ◽  
Ferdinando De Negri ◽  
Armando Magagna ◽  
Emiliano Duranti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

Effect of plasma from patients with essential hypertension on vascular resistance in the isolated perfused rat kidney

1991 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Bachmann ◽  
Hartmut Schlüter ◽  
Walter Storkebaum ◽  
Herbert Witzel ◽  
Franz Wessels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Vasopressor Agent ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Plasma Fractions ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Rat Kidneys

1. Isolated perfused rat kidneys were used to study the effects of plasma fractions obtained by gel filtration from essential hypertensive patients (n = 40) and from normotensive subjects (n = 36) on resistance vessels. Perfusion pressure was recorded at a constant flow. 2. Plasma fractions were obtained by gel filtration and contained substances with a molecular mass in the range 1000–1500 Da. The plasma fractions from hypertensive patients used in this study had been shown to increase blood pressure after intravenous injection in rats. 3. In the isolated rat kidneys, the hypertensive fractions increased perfusion pressure by 20 ± 17 mmHg (mean ± SD, range 5–58 mmHg, n = 40). The analogous fractions from normotensive subjects did not change perfusion pressure significantly. 4. In Ca2+-free medium containing 2 mmol/l ethyleneglycol bis-(aminoethyl ether)tetra-acetate, the change in perfusion pressure induced by active plasma fractions was reduced by 95.2 ± 6.3%. Addition of nifedipine to the perfusion medium reduced, but did not abolish, the pressure response of the kidneys. 5. In solutions containing phentolamine or saralasin, vasoconstriction was not reduced. 6. Thus in the active fractions from hypertensive plasma, a vasopressor agent with direct action on resistance vessels can be demonstrated. This substance probably acts by increasing Ca2+ influx in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Oxygen and Effective Vascular Compliance in Acute Heart Failure

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-507
Author(s):  
P. Larochelle ◽  
R. I. Ogilvie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Tension ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Venous Bypass ◽  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Cardiac Filling ◽  
Effective Vascular Compliance

The effect of hypoxemia on total vascular compliance was studied in anesthetized dogs using a venous bypass technique. Cardiac output was kept constant with an extracorporeal pump and respiration controlled to maintain normocapnia. When nitrogen was added to the respired gas to produce an arterial [Formula: see text], total vascular compliance was rapidly and significantly reduced to 0.93 ml (mm Hg)−1 kg−1 with incomplete recovery to baseline values of 1.30 ± 0.06 ml (mm Hg)−1 kg−1 during subsequent ventilation with 100% oxygen. Acute heart failure was induced by gradual aortic constriction. Ventilation with 100% oxygen failed to prevent a gradual reduction in total vascular compliance to 0.86 ml (mm Hg)−1 kg−1 from a baseline value of 1.23 ± 0.06 ml (mm Hg)−1 kg−1. Ventilation with 100% oxygen following the reduction in vascular compliance during acute heart failure also failed to significantly alter this parameter. Thus, improvement of arterial oxygen tension in patients with acute heart failure would be beneficial in providing greater oxygen delivery to the tissues without abolishing a compensatory mechanism of reduced vascular compliance which attempts to maintain a cardiac filling gradient of pressure.

Intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ Activities in Essential Hypertension

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 41s-43s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Zidek ◽  
H. Vetter ◽  
K.-G. Dorst ◽  
H. Zumkley ◽  
H. Losse
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Family History ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Intracellular Na Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. The intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ activity and Na+ concentration were measured in erythrocytes of normotensive subjects, with and without a familial disposition to hypertension, in essential hypertensive patients with and without a family history of hypertension, and in patients with secondary hypertension. 2. In normotensive subjects without a genetic trait of hypertension intracellular Na+ activity and concentration were 7.00 ± 1.38 mmol/l and 5.67 ± 0.95 mmol/l respectively. The intracellular Ca2+ activity was 4.82 ± 4.49 μmol/l. In normotensive subjects with a familial hypertensive disposition intracellular Na+ activity and concentration were 9.74 ± 1.43 mmol/l (P < 0.01) and 6.63 ± 0.88 mmol/l (P < 0.05). Intracellular Ca2+ was 9.59 ± 9.71 μmol/l (P < 0.05). 3. Essential hypertensive patients without a familial genetic trait had an elevated intracellular Na+ activity (8.35 ± 2.08 mmol/l, P < 0.05). Intracellular Na+ concentration was 6.64 ± 0.79 mmol/l (P < 0.05). The intracellular Ca2+ activity was markedly elevated to 25.33 ± 19.03 μmol/l (P < 0.01). The essential hypertensive patients with a familial disposition had an elevated intracellular Na+ activity (17.19 ± 4.37 mmol/l, P < 0.001) and Ca2+ activity (32.8 ± 32.51 μmol/l, P < 0.01). The intracellular Na+ concentration was 6.25 ± 1.23 mmol/l. 4. The results indicate that in essential hypertension intracellular Na+ activity is increased, particularly in patients with a familial disposition for hypertension. Intracellular Ca2+ is increased in essential hypertension whether or not there was a family disposition to hypertension.

Effect of octreotide on total effective vascular compliance in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Chieh Lin ◽  
Yang-Te Tsai ◽  
May C.-M. Yang ◽  
Fa-Yauh Lee ◽  
Ming-Chih Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Effective Vascular Compliance

Effect of Drugs on Effective Vascular Compliance in Acute Heart Failure

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 850-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Larochelle ◽  
Richard I. Ogilvie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ethacrynic Acid ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Aortic Constriction ◽  
Venous Bypass ◽  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Effective Vascular Compliance ◽  
Sustained Increase

Effective vascular compliance determined by the ΔV/ΔP relationship was measured repeatedly in anesthetized open-chest dogs without circulatory arrest utilizing a closed circuit venous bypass system with a constant cardiac output. Production of acute heart failure by gradual aortic constriction was associated with a significant decrease in total effective vascular compliance. The effect of loading and 20-min maintenance doses of different drugs on vascular compliance of animals in acute heart failure was studied. Phenoxybenzamine (total dose 2 mg/kg) produced a rapid and sustained increase in effective vascular compliance and theophylline (12 mg/kg) produced an increase which was more gradual in development than with phenoxybenzamine. Morphine (1 mg/kg) produced a rapid but transient increase in compliance. In contrast, ethacrynic acid (100 mg) or nitroglycerin (0.6 or 1.2 mg) did not alter vascular compliance significantly. These agents differ markedly in the magnitude and time-course of effect on effective vascular compliance.

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