Skin Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for around 3% of all cases of skin metastasis. In these patients, solitary metastasis from RCC shows a favorable prognosis. A 68-year-old woman was found to have a right renal tumor in 2009, and the pathological diagnosis was pathological T3 and grade 3 right clear cell RCC. Left-sided RCC developed and was resected in 2018. She subsequently noticed a cutaneous nodule on her abdomen. We performed surgical resection, and the pathological diagnosis was skin metastasis of RCC. We herein report a case of skin metastasis of RCC that developed 11 years after the initial diagnosis that was successfully treated by surgical resection.

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Snail predicts recurrence and survival of patients with localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma after surgical resection

Urologic Oncology Seminars and Original Investigations ◽

10.1016/j.urolonc.2014.08.003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 69.e1-69.e10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Weisi Liu ◽

Yidong Liu ◽

Haiou Liu ◽

Weijuan Zhang ◽

Huimin An ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Surgical Resection ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

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Differential Diagnosis of Renal Tumors With Clear Cytoplasm: Clinical Relevance of Renal Tumor Subclassification in the Era of Targeted Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2012-0085-ra ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 137 (4) ◽

pp. 467-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Rajen Goyal ◽

Elizabeth Gersbach ◽

Ximing J. Yang ◽

Stephen M. Rohan

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Targeted Therapies ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Renal Tumor ◽

Renal Tumors ◽

Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Immunohistochemical Stains

Context.—The World Health Organization classification of renal tumors synthesizes morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings to define more than 40 tumor types. Of these, clear cell (conventional) renal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in adults and—with the exception of some rare tumors—the most deadly. The diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma on morphologic grounds alone is generally straightforward, but challenging cases are not infrequent. A misdiagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma has clinical consequences, particularly in the current era of targeted therapies. Objective.—To highlight morphologic mimics of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and provide strategies to help differentiate clear cell renal cell carcinoma from other renal tumors and lesions. The role of the pathologist in guiding treatment for renal malignancies will be emphasized to stress the importance of proper tumor classification in patient management. Data Sources.—Published literature and personal experience. Conclusions.—In challenging cases, submission of additional tissue is often an inexpensive and effective way to facilitate a correct diagnosis. If immunohistochemical stains are to be used, it is best to use a panel of markers, as no one marker is specific for a given renal tumor subtype. Selection of limited markers, based on a specific differential diagnosis, can be as useful as a large panel in reaching a definitive diagnosis. For renal tumors, both the presence and absence of immunoreactivity and the pattern of labeling (membranous, cytoplasmic, diffuse, focal) are important when interpreting the results of immunohistochemical stains.

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Efficacy and safety profile of sunitinib as a first line treatment for advanced/metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: Pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e16067 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e16067-e16067

Author(s):

Tarek Haykal ◽

Varun Samji ◽

Yazan Zayed ◽

Ragheed Al-Dulaimi ◽

Inderdeep Gakhal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Current Standard ◽

Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Hand Foot Syndrome ◽

Treatment Naïve ◽

Grade 3

e16067 Background: Metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is largely incurable, and its treatment remains challenging. Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is one of the current standard-of-care options for treatment-naïve patients with metastatic RCC. Despite the proven efficacy of Sunitinib, prolonged treatment with some tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been associated with significant adverse events (AEs). Therefore, we aimed to calculate the exact efficacy in addition to the prevalence of all AEs of Sunitinib in a pooled analysis from all available randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted for all RCTs comparing the clinical outcomes and adverse events of Sunitinib versus all other available treatments for treatment-naïve advanced/metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. We then calculated the pooled outcomes and prevalence of the most common reported side effects of Sunitinib. All statistical analyses were performed using R Statistical Software v3.4.0 (R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). Results: We included 8 RCTs, with a total of 4106 patients. The mean age was62, with 66.44% males.The efficacy of Sunitinib was reported as 3 main outcomes: Median progression free survival at 10.73 [7.76, 13.7] months, median overall survival at 23.28 [16.74, 29.81] months and the estimated objective response rate at 25[13, 37] %. Any grade AEs were reported in 72% of patients with the following frequencies: fatigue 44%, diarrhea 38%, nausea 31%, hand-foot syndrome 30%, hypertension 27%, dysgeusia 25%, hypothyroidism25%, constipation 20%, stomatitis 20%, inflammation of the mucosa 18%, dyspepsia 16%, vomiting 14%, rash 12%, asthenia 11%, and epistaxis10%.Grade 3&4 (severe) AEs were reported in 52% of patients with the following frequencies: hypertension 9%, fatigue 8%, hand-foot syndrome 5%, asthenia 5%, diarrhea 4%, and inflammation of the mucosa 2%. Conclusions: Despite Sunitinib being one of the current standard treatments for patients with metastatic/advanced clear-cell RCC, with well-described efficacy, its safety profile is still concerning with a significant prevalence of reported grade 3-4 AEs of 52% of the treated patients in the included RCTs. These findings underscore the importance of the emergence of newer drugs and treatment plans for patients with metastatic RCC, not only to achieve similar or better clinical outcomes but also to decrease the percentage of grade 3-4 AEs.

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Renal Cell Carcinoma with Intraluminal Spread of the Entire Upper Urinary Tract

Case Reports in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/371387 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shigenori Kakutani ◽

Haruki Kume ◽

Yoshikazu Hirano ◽

Toshihiko Wakita ◽

Yukio Homma

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Unusual Case ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Renal Tumor ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Macroscopic Hematuria

We describe an unusual case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) involving the entire upper urinary tract. A 51-year-old female was referred to us because of macroscopic hematuria. Computed tomography revealed a renal tumor filling renal pelvis and ureter, which turned to be a clear cell RCC after nephroureterectomy.

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