A Stronger Effect of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference on the Prevalence of Uncontrolled Hypertension among Caucasian Men than Women

Background: Gender-related differences in fat distribution may affect blood pressure (BP) control in hypertensive subjects. The aim of the study was to assess how body mass (BM), BMI, and waist circumference (WC) influence the effectiveness of antihypertension therapy in hypertensive men and women in daily clinical practice. Patients and Methods: The observational study involved 12,289 adult hypertensive Caucasians (6,163 women) declaring regular use of antihypertensive drugs. BP control was scored based on the mean values of 2 attended office BP measurements. WC thresholds for visceral obesity were adopted from definitions of the International Diabetes Federation (≥94/80 cm for men/women) and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (≥102/88 cm for men/women). Stepwise backward multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse correlates of the effectiveness of hypertension therapy. Results: The predictive value of BMI ≥30 (for uncontrolled hypertension) was stronger than that of visceral obesity, regardless of the criteria used. In men, BP control rapidly deteriorated with BMI (odds ratio [OR] up to 8.58 [95% CI: 5.74–12.83]) and WC (OR up to 5.09 [3.84–6.74]), while in women, the association was more flattened (OR up to 3.63 [2.78–4.74] and 1.93 [1.59–2.35], respectively). However, the highest risk of uncontrolled BP occurred in women with BM ≥110 kg (OR = 10.47 [5.05–21.71]) and men with BM ≥125 kg (OR = 9.66 [5.86–15.94]). Conclusions: (1) Obesity and visceral obesity limit the effectiveness of antihypertension therapy more in men than in women. (2) This phenomenon should be taken into account in the prescription of adequate doses of antihypertensive drugs.

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Volumes of coronary plaque disease in relation to body mass index, waist circumference, truncal fat mass and epicardial adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and controls

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research ◽

10.1177/1479164119825761 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 328-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Søren Gullaksen ◽

Kristian Løkke Funck ◽

Esben Laugesen ◽

Troels Krarup Hansen ◽

Damini Dey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽

Fat Distribution ◽

Coronary Plaque ◽

Calcified Plaque ◽

Regional Fat Distribution

Objectives: Coronary atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may be promoted by regional fat distribution. We investigated the association between anthropometric measures of obesity, truncal fat mass, epicardial adipose tissue and coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic patients and matched controls. Methods: We examined 44 patients and 59 controls [mean (standard deviation) age 64.4 ± 9.9 vs 61.8 ± 9.7, male 50% vs 47%, diabetes duration mean (standard deviation) 7.7 ± 1.5] with coronary computed tomography angiography. Coronary plaques were quantified as total, calcified, non-calcified and low-density non-calcified plaque volumes (mm3). Regional fat distribution was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, body mass index (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm) and epicardial fat volume (mm3). Endothelial function and systemic inflammation were evaluated by peripheral arterial tonometry (log transformed Reactive Hyperemia Index) and C-reactive protein (mg/L). Results: Body mass index and waist circumference ( p < 0.02) were associated with coronary plaque volumes. Body mass index was associated with low-density non-calcified plaque volume after adjustment for age, sex and diabetes status ( p < 0.01). Truncal fat mass ( p > 0.51), waist circumference ( p > 0.06) and epicardial adipose tissue ( p > 0.17) were not associated with coronary plaque volumes in adjusted analyses. Conclusion: Body mass index is associated with coronary plaque volumes in diabetic as well as non-diabetic individuals.

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Waist Circumference and Abdominal Volume Index Can Predict Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents, but only When the Criteria of the International Diabetes Federation are Employed for the Diagnosis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1370 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Javier S. Perona ◽

Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle ◽

Ángel Fernández-Aparicio ◽

María Correa-Rodríguez ◽

Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Volume Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Anthropometric Indexes

We previously reported, using the diagnostic criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), that waist circumference (WC) and abdominal volume index (AVI) were capable of predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents. This study was aimed at confirming this finding when other diagnostic criteria are used. A cross-sectional study was performed on 981 Spanish adolescents (13.2 ± 1.2 years). MetS was diagnosed by eight different criteria. Ten anthropometric indexes were calculated and receiver-operator curves (ROC) were created to determine their discriminatory capacity for MetS. Of all diagnostic criteria, the ones proposed by the IDF showed the highest mean values for weight, WC and systolic blood pressure in boys and girls with MetS, and the lowest for glucose and triglycerides in boys. ROC analysis showed that only WC, AVI and body roundness index (BRI) achieved area under the curve (AUC) values above 0.8 in boys, and that fat content, body mass index (BMI), WC, AVI, BRI and pediatric body adiposity index (BAIp) showed AUC values above 0.8 in girls. Importantly, this occurred only when diagnosis was carried out using the IDF criteria. We confirm that WC and AVI can predict MetS in adolescents but only when the IDF’s diagnostic criteria are employed.

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Waist Circumference and Healthy Lifestyle Preferences/Knowledge Monitoring in a Preschool Obesity Prevention Program

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092139 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marco Poeta ◽

Rossella Lamberti ◽

Dario Di Salvio ◽

Grazia Massa ◽

Nives Torsiello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Obesity Prevention ◽

Prevention Program ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Mean Values ◽

Healthy Behaviors

Weight and body mass index (BMI) changes appear to be poor measures for assessing the success of most pediatric obesity prevention programs (POPP). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the preschool-age prevention program (3P) in improving and maintaining overtime preschoolers’ knowledge/preferences about healthy nutrition and physical activity (PA), and the relationship between acquired healthy behaviors and anthropometrics including waist circumference (WC). Twenty-five preschoolers underwent a 24-month healthy lifestyle multi-component pilot intervention followed by a one-year wash-out period; 25 age-matched served as controls. Anthropometric/behavioral data were monitored. After the 2-year study and wash-out, the rates of children overweight and with obesity decreased only in the intervention group, where, also, normal-weight children with visceral obesity attained WC normal values (p = 0.048). While mean values of BMI Z-scores remained unchanged in both the intervention and control groups, WC (values and percentiles) showed a significant reduction only in the intervention group. Children’s adherence to the Mediterranean diet remained acceptable among the entire sample. Although daily sweet beverage consumption remained unchanged in both groups, knowledge/preferences improved significantly more in the intervention group. In conclusion, WC may be more sensitive than BMI for monitoring preschoolers in POPP and reflects healthy behavioral changes acquired during the intervention.

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Cut-off values of blood mercury concentration in relation to increased body mass index and waist circumference in Koreans

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.1136/jim-2015-000039 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 867-871 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Suhyun Bae ◽

Soo-Jung Park ◽

Kyung-Jin Yeum ◽

Beomhee Choi ◽

Young-Sang Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Mercury Concentration ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Mean Values ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Blood Mercury ◽

The Relationship ◽

Blood Mercury Concentration

Blood mercury (methyl-mercury) from environmental exposure may be related to inflammation in our body. We investigated the cut-off values of blood mercury concentration in relation to increased body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. On the basis of data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2008–2012), 11,159 subjects (5543 males and 5616 females) were analyzed cross-sectionally. Partial correlation, linear regression, and analysis of covariance (according to the mercury quartile) tests were performed to evaluate the relationship between blood mercury and BMI or waist circumference. In addition, we determined the cut-off values of blood mercury concentration in relation to increased BMI and waist circumference in both genders. Mean values of blood mercury concentration were 5.07±0.07 μg/L in males and 3.59±0.04 μg/L in females. After log transformation of blood mercury, significant (p<0.001) correlation was found between blood mercury concentration and BMI or waist circumference. BMI and waist circumference showed a significant and gradual increase as mercury quartile increased in both genders. Blood mercury concentration was weakly but significantly (p<0.001) associated with BMI and waist circumference. Cut-off values of blood mercury concentration correlated with increased BMI and waist circumference were around 3.95 μg/L in males and 3.40 μg/L in females.

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Somatotipo, composição corporal e desempenho em ultramaratona

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p127 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 127 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Taisa Belli ◽

Cláudio Luiz de Souza Meireles ◽

Mônica De Oliveira Costa ◽

Marco Aurélio Ackermann ◽

Claudio Alexandre Gobatto

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Mean Values ◽

Fat Deposits

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p127 This study aimed to characterize somatotype, analyze anthropometric indicators associated with body composition during the race and verify possible relationships with the performance of athletes in a 217-km ultramarathon. For this, ten male volunteers (42.8 ± 3.5 years; 171.4 ± 1.9 cm height, 70.7 ± 3.1 kg body mass; 15 ± 3 years of running exercise) performed a critical velocity (CV) test one week before the competition and were submitted to anthropometric measurements before, at 84 km of the race and at the end of the race. Volunteers finished the race in 46.8 ± 3.4 h (4.9 ± 0.4 km / h; 33.4 ± 1.8% CV). Mean values equivalent to somatotype components accounted for 3.4 ± 0.4 for endomorphy, 5.2 ± 0.4 for mesomorphy and 1.7 ± 0.3 for ectomorphy. Body mass, body mass index, fat-free mass and chest circumference decreased (P <0.05) after 84 and 217 km compared to baseline. Pre-race values of thigh skinfold thickness (R = 0.79) and waist circumference (R = 0.64) were significantly correlated (P <0.05) with final race time. Thus, we concluded that ultramarathoners had mean endo-mesomorph somatotype and reductions in both body mass and fat-free mass during and after the race. Furthermore, the results suggest that increased body fat deposits concentrated in the lower limbs and abdominal region may have a negative impact on the performance of the athletes in 217-km ultramarathon.

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