Nuclear Blebbing Frequency in Tobacco-Induced Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Roopa Yadahalli ◽  
Supriya Kheur ◽  
Aanchal Adwani ◽  
Ramesh Bhonde ◽  
A. Thirumal Raj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Normal Oral Mucosa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Tobacco contains several genotoxic agents including N-nitrosamine which has the potential to cause significant nuclear damage. Nuclear blebbing is a form of protrusion on the nuclear membrane and could potentially be caused by tobacco-induced genotoxicity and is closely associated with malignancy. Thus, the present study aimed to assess if tobacco-associated oral potentially malignant disorders including oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral leukoplakia have a higher nuclear blebbing frequency than patients with normal oral mucosa with no history of tobacco use. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The sample consisted of patients with OSF (<i>n</i> = 30) and oral leukoplakia (<i>n</i> = 10) and normal oral mucosa (<i>n</i> = 10). Exfoliated cells collected from the study groups were smeared on a clean microscopic slide and stained by May-Grunwald-Giemsa stain. A baseline frequency of nuclear blebbing was evaluated using a bright-field microscope with a ×100 objective. The number of nuclear blebbing per 1,000 epithelial cells was recorded and expressed in percentage. ANOVA, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman’s correlation were used to analyze the data. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean rank of distribution of nuclear blebbing showed significant difference between all 3 groups, with the highest frequency noted in leukoplakia, followed by oral submucous and normal oral mucosa. Within OSF, the frequency of nuclear blebbing significantly increased from early stage to advanced stage. In OSF, a statistically significant positive linear correlation was noted between duration (in years), frequency (per day) of tobacco use, clinical grading, and nuclear blebbing. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusions:</i></b> The frequency of nuclear blebbing was significantly higher in oral potentially malignant disorders than normal mucosa. Nuclear blebbing also exhibited a strong dose- and time-dependent correlation with tobacco usage and clinical staging in OSF. The nuclear blebbing frequency could be a noninvasive, economic tool to assess malignant risk in tobacco-induced oral potentially malignant disorders.

scholarly journals Tobacco use, Body Mass Index, and Potentially Malignant Disorders among petrol fillers in Pimpri-Pune (India): A descriptive study

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Mamatha G.S. Reddy ◽  
Pradnya V. Kakodkar ◽  
Akanksha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Tobacco Chewing

Abstract Background: Since petrol is combustible and smoking is banned at the petrol pumps, it may be predicted that use of smokeless tobacco is more prevalent among the petrol fillers. Also, smokeless tobacco is a major risk factor for developing oral potentially malignant disorders. The present study was conducted to determine the tobacco use, body mass index (BMI), and potentially malignant disorders among a cohort of petrol fillers and also to evaluate the interaction of tobacco use and BMI with the presence of potentially malignant disorders. Settings and Design: The study was conducted at 45 petrol stations located at Pimpri-Pune, India. A descriptive study design was used. Materials and Method: Four hundred and ten petrol fillers aged 17-64 years participated in the study. General information and tobacco history was obtained by interview. Height and weight were recorded to obtain BMI. Oral examination was conducted to identify the potentially malignant disorders. Statistical analysis: Chi-square test, Z test, and logistic regression were used. The level of significance was fixed at 5%. Results and Conclusions: It was found that 242 (59.02%) used tobacco in different forms. 77.68% were tobacco chewers, and 8.26% were smokers. Leukoplakia was prevalent among 68.47%, oral submucous fibrosis among 27.45%, and 5.08% had erythroplakia. Age (χ2 = 11.46, P < 0.05), duration (χ2 = 17.46, P < 0.05), and frequency of tobacco chewing (χ2 = 14.16, P < 0.05) were significantly associated with potentially malignant disorders. Tobacco chewing was more prevalent as compared to smoking. It can be concluded that the petrol fillers are at a high risk for developing oral potentially malignant disorders.

scholarly journals Clinical Review and Management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders with Epithelial Dysplasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mohammed Abdulhussain ◽  
Ali Sami Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Oral Lesion ◽  
Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Normal Oral Mucosa ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant

Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) comprise any disorders, tumors, in addition to any microscopic alterations that have a risk of malignant development of cancers of the mouth. When epithelial dysplasia is detected in an oral lesion, it is termed as a precancerous lesion. Finding: Several changes in the color or thickness of normal oral mucosa might be detected during the clinical diagnosis of the oral lesions. Leukoplakia of the oral cavity is a clinical name for one of the most predominant OPMDs of the oral mucosa. When comparing oral examination with naked eyes to planning to apply staining with special stain or using an image of optical fluorescence, the incidence of patients with oral epithelial dysplasia may rise, as well as the clearing of the lesion boundary. Increased size of more than 2cm2, the presence of colored regions with a red hue, the presence of lichenoid process characteristics, and severe epithelial dysplasia are all considered risk factors. One-third of premalignant lesions may progress to cancer, whereas the other two-thirds may stay stable or regress without progressing to malignancy. Conclusion: It is critical to research the patients' unique characteristics, which include psychological, genetic, dietary, and dental problems. When epithelial dysplasia is present in an oral lesion, it is termed a precancerous lesion. Oral potential malignant diseases with epithelial dysplasia may or may not develop into carcinoma and may or may not be recurrent.

scholarly journals Clinical Review and Management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders with Epithelial Dysplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mohammed Abdulhussain ◽  
◽  
Ali Sami Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Oral Lesion ◽  
Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Normal Oral Mucosa ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant

Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) comprise any disorders, tumors, in addition to any microscopic alterations that have a risk of malignant development of cancers of the mouth. When epithelial dysplasia is detected in an oral lesion, it is termed as a precancerous lesion. Finding: Several changes in the color or thickness of normal oral mucosa might be detected during the clinical diagnosis of the oral lesions. Leukoplakia of the oral cavity is a clinical name for one of the most predominant OPMDs of the oral mucosa. When comparing oral examination with naked eyes to planning to apply staining with special stain or using an image of optical fluorescence, the incidence of patients with oral epithelial dysplasia may rise, as well as the clearing of the lesion boundary. Increased size of more than 2cm2, the presence of colored regions with a red hue, the presence of lichenoid process characteristics, and severe epithelial dysplasia are all considered risk factors. One-third of premalignant lesions may progress to cancer, whereas the other two-thirds may stay stable or regress without progressing to malignancy. Conclusion: It is critical to research the patients' unique characteristics, which include psychological, genetic, dietary, and dental problems. When epithelial dysplasia is present in an oral lesion, it is termed a precancerous lesion. Oral potential malignant diseases with epithelial dysplasia may or may not develop into carcinoma and may or may not be recurrent.

scholarly journals Expression of Interleukin-1ß and Interleukin-8 in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Carcinomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeaneth Lopez-Labady ◽  
Ronell Bologna-Molina ◽  
Mariana Villarroel-Dorrego
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Normal Oral Mucosa ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Oral Epithelial ◽  
Oral Lichen

Objective: To evaluate interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) epithelial expressions in potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa as malignant predictive markers.Study design: About 55 tissues embedded in paraffin, comprising 15 oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions, 15 leukoplakias, 15 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), and 10 samples of normal oral mucosa were included in the study. IL-1ß and 8 expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies antihuman IL-1ß human (sc-7884, Santa Cruz® H-153) and antihuman IL-8 (ab7747, abcam®). The number of positive cells was compared using Student's t-test. Any p-value &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Nuclear and cytoplasmatic keratinocyte staining were positive for both cytokines in all study groups. However, a statistically significant decrease was observed within all cases compared to normal mucosa, both staining for IL-1β and 8. Moreover, IL-8 showed significant differences between OLP and leukoplakia, and when compared to OSCC.Conclusions: Oral epithelial expression of IL-1β and 8 seems to decrease when the malignant transformation of the oral mucosa increases.

scholarly journals Coetaneous Presentation of Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Submucous Fibrosis with High Grade Dysplasia and Its Management with Lasers: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (08) ◽  
pp. 464-469
Author(s):  
Preethi R ◽  
Malarkodi T ◽  
Arvind Krishnamurthy ◽  
Aravind Warrier S
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are diverse lesions associated with an increased likelihood for malignant transformation to oral cancer. The most frequently encountered OPMD in clinical practice are Oral Leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). The use of tobacco is consistently linked with leukoplakia and areca/betel nut with OSMF. Histopathological features of oral epithelial dysplasia, its varying grades are of immense clinical significance to evaluate its ability for malignant transformation. We report a case of homogenous leukoplakia and OSMF, two oral potentially malignant disorders occurring at the same site with high-grade dysplasia and its management using lasers.

scholarly journals Aberrant DKK3 expression in the oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis: a comparative immunohistochemical study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Al-dhohorah ◽  
M. Mashrah ◽  
Z. Yao ◽  
J. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Histological Grade ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Severe Dysplasia ◽  
Normal Oral Mucosa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

We aimed to assess and compare the expression of Dickkopf homolog 3 (DKK3), a possible tumor suppressor gene (TSG), in oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) using immunohistochemistry. Seventy-five cases of normal oral mucosa (NOM), OLK, OSF, and squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were studied. DKK3 was expressed in all cases of NOM, OLK and OSCC. There was steady increases in the percentage of the positive cells progressing toward OSCC. The expression was localized in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of cell affected by OLK with mild dysplasia and OLK with severe dysplasia. No significant association was observed between DKK3 expression and dysplastic status of OLK. Loss of DKK3 expression was observed in 15 of 30 cases in the OSF group, which was significantly associated with histological grade of OSF (P<0.0001). The percentage of positive cells gradually declined with the increasing severity of epithelial atrophy. A significant difference (P<0.01) was observed when comparing DKK3 expression among different groups of OLK and OSF cases. DKK3 may have diverse expressions in oral premalignant lesions. Loss of DKK3 expression in dysplastic/advanced stage of OSF may imply a high risk of progression to oral cancer.

scholarly journals EXFOLIATIVE CYTOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERSMALIGNANT DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
Mehwish Waris ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Sabeen Nasir ◽  
Qurat-ul-ain Mushtaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cytological Changes

Objective: Patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are at risk for development of malignancy and tobacco use contributes in its transformation. This study was designed to assess exfoliative cytological findings in OPMD cases using tobacco and healthy controls with no history of tobacco use. The aim was to screen OPMD cases for biopsy with the help of brush cytology. Materials and Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Histopathology Laboratory of Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar for which samples were collected from two dental hospitals and private dental clinics of Peshawar. The study included 20 cases of clinically diagnosed Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) with history of tobacco use; including 10 cases of leukoplakia and 10 cases of oral lichen planus (OLP), and 20 age and gender matched healthy controls with no history of tobacco use, after observing a strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. A pre-designed proforma was used to collect the data, which was later analyzed in SPSS version 21. Results:  A total of 40 participants had a mean age of 48.25±10.01 years with gender distribution of 32(80%) males and 8(20%) females, giving a male to female ratio of 4:1. The duration of tobacco use in cases had a mean of 22.95 ± 9.17 years, while duration of lesion had a mean of 2.3±4.4 years. As per Oral Bethesda Criteria, 18 (90%) OPMD cases were Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion/Malignancy (NILM). Buccal mucosa 12(60%) was the most common site of lesions. On Oral Exfoliative Cytology (OEC), OPMDs showed mild to moderate cytological changes as compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: This study concluded that most of the OPMD cases show mild to moderate cytological changes as compared to healthy controls. Dysplastic changes were seen only in 10% of OPMD cases that needed further assessment through biopsy. 

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