scholarly journals Visual development of healthy full-term infants under 24 months of age using the Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs) questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunhee Kim ◽  
JungSoo Lee ◽  
Hae-Yeon Park ◽  
Jungjae Lee ◽  
Mee-Gang Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Visual Development ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Perception Development

As visual perception development proceeds rapidly after birth, early detection of developmental maturity is required. Healthy infants do not have many opportunities for visual perception evaluation, so a reliable evaluation method is necessary. This retrospective study included 276 healthy full-term infants less than 24 months of age using the Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs) questionnaire, which measures scores of subdivided age groups for the global scores and four domains: visual attention (VA), visual communication (VC), visual-motor coordination (VMC) and visual processing (VP). Through this study, reference values and cut-off scores of the PreViAs questionnaire were presented, reliability was secured, and potential influencing factors of the PreViAs scores were analyzed. Using Cronbach's α coefficient, the global scores were 0.938, 0.781 for VA, 0.660 for VC, 0.874 for VMC, and 0.942 for VP. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was high in the global scores and three domains (VA, VMC, VP). In infants under 12 months, the global scores and the VA, VMC, and VP domains showed positive association with gestational age, whereas the VC domain positively correlated with sex: which was found to be greater for females (P<0.05). In those 12 month and above, no clinical factors were significantly associated with the PreViAs scores in all domains. The PreViAs questionnaire is a useful tool for visual assessment of healthy full-term infants under 24 months of age, suggesting reference values and cut-off scores according to age, and estimating the maturation age for visual perception development of each domain.

THE POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COAGULATION SYSTEM IN THE PREMATURE INFANT

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Andrew ◽  
B A Paes ◽  
R A Milner ◽  
P J Powers ◽  
M Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infant ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Term Infants

A cohort study was performed to determine the postnatal development of the coagulation system in the “healthy” premature infant. Mothers were approached for consent and a total of 132 premature infants were entered into the study. The group consisted of 64 infants with gestational ages of 34-36 weeks (prem 1) and 68 infants whose gestational age was 33 weeks or less (prem 2). Demographic information and a 2 ml blood sample were obtained on days 1, 5, 30, 90, and 180. Plasma was fractionated and stored at −70°C for batch assaying of the following tests: screening tests, PT, APTT; factor assays (biologic (B)); fibrinogen, II, V, VII, VIII:C, IX, X, XI, XII, prekallikrein, high molecular weight kininogen, XIII (immunologic (I)); inhibitors (I), antithrombin III, aα2-antiplasmin, α2-macroglobulin, α-anti-trypsin, Cl esterase inhibitor, protein C, protein S, and the fibrinolytic system (B); plasminogen. We have previously reported an identical study for 118 full term infants. The large number of premature and full term infants studied at varying time points allowed us to determine the following: 1) coagulation tests vary with the gestational age and postnatal age of the infant; 2) each factor has a unique postnatal pattern of maturation; 3) near adult values are achieved by 6 months of age; 4) premature infants have a more rapid postnatal development of the coagulation system compared to the full term infant; and 5) the range of reference values for two age groups of premature infants has been established for each of the assays. These reference values will provide a basis for future investigation of specific hemorrhagic and thrombotic problems in the newborn infant.

Motor skills, language development, and visual processing in preterm and full-term infants

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mert Kobaş ◽  
Erim Kızıldere ◽  
Işıl Doğan ◽  
Aslı Aktan-Erciyes ◽  
Ö. Ece Demir-Lira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants

Visual assessment of preterm and full-term infants under the age of 12 months using the Preverbal Visual Assessment questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 105289
Author(s):  
Jungjae Lee ◽  
Mee-Gang Kim ◽  
Hae-Yeon Park ◽  
Kyung Eun Nam ◽  
Joo Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

Percentile estimates of reference values for total protein and albumin in sera of premature infants (less than 37 weeks of gestation).

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Zlotkin ◽  
C W Casselman
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Term Infants

Abstract We measured the concentrations of total protein and albumin in sera of 281 well-fed premature infants, gestational ages 22-36 weeks, and calculated reference values from the 10th to 90th percentiles. The mean serum albumin concentration (27.6 +/- 4.4 g/L, mean +/- SD) and total protein concentration (49.2 +/- 6.7 g/L) at a postnatal age of 14.5 days were lower than reference values for full-term infants. We detected a significant positive correlation between albumin concentration and gestational age (r = 0.34, p less than 0.01) and total protein concentration and gestational age (r = 0.43, p less than 0.01). Even though albumin values were low, generalized edema was not present. We conclude that values for total protein and albumin in the preterm infant are lower than in the full-term infant but are an expected physiological response to premature birth.

Reference ranges of thromboelastometry in healthy full-term and pre-term neonates

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozeta Sokou ◽  
Leontini Foudoulaki-Paparizos ◽  
Theodore Lytras ◽  
Aikaterini Konstantinidi ◽  
Martha Theodoraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Clot Formation Time

AbstractBackground:Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is an attractive method for rapid evaluation of hemostasis in neonates. Currently, no reference values exist for ROTEM assays in full-term and pre-term neonates. Our aim was to establish reference ranges for standard extrinsically activated ROTEM assay (EXTEM) in arterial blood samples of healthy full-term and pre-term neonates.Methods:In the present study, EXTEM assay was performed in 198 full-term (≥37 weeks’ gestation) and 84 pre-term infants (<37 weeks’ gestation) using peripheral arterial whole blood samples.Results:Median values and reference ranges (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles) for the following main parameters of EXTEM assay were determined in full-term infants: clotting time (seconds), 41 (range, 25.9–78); clot formation time (seconds), 70 (range, 40–165.2); maximum clot firmness (mm), 66 (range, 41–84.1); lysis index at 60 min (LI60, %), 97 (range, 85–100). The only parameter with a statistically significant difference between full-term and pre-term neonates was LI60 (p=0.006). Furthermore, it was inversely correlated with gestational age (p=0.002) and birth weight (p=0.016) in pre-term neonates.Conclusions:In conclusion, an enhanced fibrinolytic activity in pre-term neonates was noted. For most EXTEM assay parameters, reference ranges obtained from arterial newborn blood samples were comparable with the respective values from studies using cord blood. Modified reagents, small size samples, timing of sampling, and different kind of samples might account for any discrepancies among similar studies. Reference values hereby provided can be used in future studies.

Neural activation in mothers of preterm and full-term infants: Preliminary findings from a 3T fMRI study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Montirosso ◽  
S. Moriconi ◽  
B. Riccardi ◽  
G. Reni ◽  
F. Arrigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Term ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Fmri Study

Behavioural and EEG atypicalities during rest, visual perception, and cognitive control in autistic adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Lassalle ◽  
Michael X Cohen ◽  
Laura Dekkers ◽  
Elizabeth Milne ◽  
Rasa Gulbinaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Neural Dynamics ◽  
Simple Explanation ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Neural Structure ◽  
Eeg Power ◽  
Autistic Adults

Background: People with an Autism Spectrum Condition diagnosis (ASD) are hypothesized to show atypical neural dynamics, reflecting differences in neural structure and function. However, previous results regarding neural dynamics in autistic individuals have not converged on a single pattern of differences. It is possible that the differences are cognitive-set-specific, and we therefore measured EEG in autistic individuals and matched controls during three different cognitive states: resting, visual perception, and cognitive control.Methods: Young adults with and without an ASD (N=17 in each group) matched on age (range 20 to 30 years), sex, and estimated Intelligence Quotient (IQ) were recruited. We measured their behavior and their EEG during rest, a task requiring low-level visual perception of gratings of varying spatial frequency, and the “Simon task” to elicit activity in the executive control network. We computed EEG power and Inter-Site Phase Clustering (ISPC; a measure of connectivity) in various frequency bands.Results: During rest, there were no ASD vs. controls differences in EEG power, suggesting typical oscillation power at baseline. During visual processing, without pre-baseline normalization, we found decreased broadband EEG power in ASD vs. controls, but this was not the case during the cognitive control task. Furthermore, the behavioral results of the cognitive control task suggest that autistic adults were better able to ignore irrelevant stimuli.Conclusions: Together, our results defy a simple explanation of overall differences between ASD and controls, and instead suggest a more nuanced pattern of altered neural dynamics that depend on which neural networks are engaged.

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