Association of anaemia and mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

SummaryThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship between anaemia and pulmonary embolism (PE) prognosis. We analysed a cohort of 764 patients with acute PE referred to a single center for diagnosis and management. Patients were divided into groups by quartiles of haemoglobin (Hb): Hb < 11.7 g/dl; Hb 11.7 to 12.9 g/dl; Hb 13.0 to 14.1 g/dl; Hb > 14.1 g/dl. Patients had a mean Hb of 12.9 g/dl, and values ranged from to 4.3 to 19.5 g/dl. Lower Hb was associated with recent bleeding, an impaired haemodynamic profile and higher creatinine. Patients in the lower Hb quartiles more commonly had female gender (p < 0.001), a diagnosis of cancer (p < 0.001), and an indication for an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter (p < 0.002), compared to patients in the higher Hb quartiles. Patients in higher Hb quartiles had higher survival at three months (75%, 86%, 90% and 91% for lowest to highest quartiles, respectively). On multivariate analysis, adjusting for known PE prognostic factors, low Hb proved to be an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05 to 1.28 for each decrease of 1 g/dl). Hb level remained an independent predictor of all-cause mortality when cancer patients were excluded from the analysis (adjusted HR 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.99; p = 0.04). Moreover, patients with anaemia showed a higher risk of fatal PE (unadjusted HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37). In conclusion, in patients with acute symptomatic PE, anaemia severity is associated with worsened survival.

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Perforation of inferior vena cava during filter placement

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000087 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 157-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Piecuch ◽

Wiewiora ◽

Nowowiejska-Wiewiora ◽

Szkodzinski ◽

Polonski

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Retroperitoneal Hematoma ◽

Ivc Filter ◽

Filter Placement ◽

Therapeutic Method

The placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is a therapeutic method for selected patients with deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. However, insertion and placement of the filter may be associated with certain complications. For instance, retroperitoneal hematoma resulting from perforation of the wall by the filter is such a very rare but serious complication. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with perforation of the IVC wall and consecutive hematoma caused by the filter who was treated surgically.

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Prevention of Pulmonary Embolism by Inferior Vena Cava Filter in Patients With Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(97)85281-3 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 362A

Author(s):

R Faivre

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Inferior Vena Cava Filter ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Vena Cava Filter ◽

Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Deep Vein

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Effect of inferior vena cava filters on pulmonary embolism-related mortality and major complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Journal of Vascular Surgery Venous and Lymphatic Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jvsv.2021.02.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 792-800.e2

Author(s):

Yang Liu ◽

Huan Lu ◽

Hualong Bai ◽

Qi Liu ◽

Rongchang Chen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Inferior Vena Cava Filters ◽

Vena Cava Filters ◽

Related Mortality

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Calcium Channel Autoantibodies Predicted Sudden Cardiac Death and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Ischemic and Nonischemic Chronic Heart Failure

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2014/796075 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Haiyun Yu ◽

Juanhui Pei ◽

Xiaoyan Liu ◽

Jingzhou Chen ◽

Xian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Patient Prognosis ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether CC-AAbs levels could predict prognosis in CHF patients. A total of 2096 patients with CHF (841 DCM patients and 1255 ICM patients) and 834 control subjects were recruited. CC-AAbs were detected and the relationship between CC-AAbs and patient prognosis was analyzed. During a median follow-up time of 52 months, there were 578 deaths. Of these, sudden cardiac death (SCD) occurred in 102 cases of DCM and 121 cases of ICM. The presence of CC-AAbs in patients was significantly higher than that of controls (bothP<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that positive CC-AAbs could predict SCD (HR 3.191, 95% CI 1.598–6.369 for DCM; HR 2.805, 95% CI 1.488–5.288 for ICM) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.733, 95% CI 1.042–2.883 for DCM; HR 2.219, 95% CI 1.461–3.371 for ICM) in CHF patients. A significant association between CC-AAbs and non-SCD (NSCD) was found in ICM patients (HR = 1.887, 95% CI 1.081–3.293). Our results demonstrated that the presence of CC-AAbs was higher in CHF patients versus controls and corresponds to a higher incidence of all-cause death and SCD. Positive CC-AAbs may serve as an independent predictor for SCD and all-cause death in these patients.

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Extraluminal or intraluminal inferior vena cava occlusion in pulmonary embolism

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians ◽

10.1016/s0361-1124(79)80166-5 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 127

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Inferior Vena Cava Occlusion

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Practice patterns of retrievable inferior vena cava filters and predictors of filter retrieval in patients with pulmonary embolism

Vascular Medicine ◽

10.1177/1358863x17726596 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 512-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jieun Kang ◽

Heung-Kyu Ko ◽

Ji Hoon Shin ◽

Gi-Young Ko ◽

Kyung-Wook Jo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Predictive Factors ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Ivc Filter ◽

Retrieval Rate ◽

Filter Retrieval ◽

Ivc Filters ◽

Filter Insertion

Retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are increasingly used in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) who have contraindications to anticoagulant therapy. However, previous studies have shown that many retrievable filters are left permanently in patients. This study aimed to identify the common indications for IVC filter insertion, the filter retrieval rate, and the predictive factors for filter retrieval attempts. To this end, a retrospective cohort study was performed at a tertiary care center in South Korea between January 2010 and May 2016. Electronic medical charts were reviewed for patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) who underwent IVC filter insertion. A total of 439 cases were reviewed. The most common indication for filter insertion was a preoperative/procedural aim, followed by extensive iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Retrieval of the IVC filter was attempted in 44.9% of patients. The retrieval success rate was 93.9%. History of cerebral hemorrhage, malignancy, and admission to a nonsurgical department were the significant predictive factors of a lower retrieval attempt rate in multivariate analysis. With the increased use of IVC filters, more issues should be addressed before placing a filter and physicians should attempt to improve the filter retrieval rate.

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A rare case of paradoxical pulmonary embolism in spontaneous aortocaval fistula

BJR|case reports ◽

10.1259/bjrcr.20200183 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 20200183

Author(s):

Valentina Vespro ◽

Stefano Fusco ◽

Anna Maria Ierardi ◽

Viviana Grassi ◽

Ilenia D’Alessio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Paradoxical Embolism ◽

Aortocaval Fistula ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Right Heart ◽

Abdominal Ct ◽

Abdominal Aortic

Aortocaval fistula (ACF) is a rare complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), occurring in less than 1% of all AAAs. Paradoxical embolism can rarely be associated with ACF, pulmonary embolism may originate from dislodgment of thrombotic material from the AAA in the inferior vena cava (IVC) through the ACF. We report a case of a patient admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain and shortness of breath who immediately underwent thoraco-abdominal CT. Imaging allowed a prompt pre-operative diagnosis of an ACF between an AAA and the IVC, also identifying CT signs of right heart overload and the presence of a paradoxical pulmonary embolism.

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Pulmonary Embolism Originating from a Hepatic Hydatid Cyst Ruptured into the Inferior Vena Cava: CT and MRI Findings

Case Reports in Radiology ◽

10.1155/2016/3589812 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Necdet Poyraz ◽

Soner Demirbaş ◽

Celalettin Korkmaz ◽

Kürşat Uzun

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Liver Cyst ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽

Ct And Mri

Pulmonary embolism due to hydatid cysts is a very rare clinical entity. Hydatid pulmonary embolism can be distinguished from other causes of pulmonary embolism with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI especially displays the cystic nature of lesions better than CECT. Here we report a 45-year-old male patient with the pulmonary embolism due to ruptured hydatid liver cyst into the inferior vena cava.

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