Bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) from Yuscarán in Eastern Honduras: Conservation and acoustic characterization for the insectivorous species

In Honduras, most bat inventories have been carried out with mist nets as the main sampling method, skewing knowledge towards the Phyllostomidae family, therefore the diversity and distribution of insectivorous bats is underrepresented. In order to have a more complete knowledge of the diversity of bats in the municipality of Yuscarán and mainly in the Yuscarán Biological Reserve, an inventory was carried out using the techniques of mist-netting and acoustic monitoring. The samplings were carried out between 910 and 1,827 m.a.s.l., covering agroecosystems, broadleaf forest, pine forest and urban environment. A total of 32 species of bats were registered, which represents 28% of the species diversity present in Honduras. Species belonging to five families were recorded: Emballonuridae (6.25%), Mormoopidae (15.22%), Phyllostomidae (56.25%), Molossidae (9.37%) and Vespertilionidae (12.5%). With the mist nets, a sampling effort of 7,128 m²/h was reached, which allowed the capture of 20 species and 186 individuals. Through the acoustic method, with 84 h/r, 13 species of insectivorous bats were recorded. The values of the acoustic parameters analysed from the search phase of each insectivorous species are provided, which can serve as a reference for the identification of species from Hondurans. To advance our understanding of the distribution patterns, composition, and vocal signatures of insectivore bats, we suggest the complementary use of mist nets and acoustic recorders in the inventories.

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Timber Inventory of Large Acreages Using Stratified Two-Stage List Sampling

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/29.3.152 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 152-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bruce E. Borders ◽

Barry D. Shiver ◽

Michael L. Clutter

Keyword(s):

Forest Inventory ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Field Sampling ◽

Two Stage ◽

Timber Inventory

Abstract We present two-stage list sampling estimators and methodology that are useful in a forest inventory context. The advantages of this sampling method are discussed and illustrated with an inventory of a 3,419-acre timber tract. In this example, two-stage list sampling resulted in strata level and tract level estimates that were very close to estimates from a more intensive cruise that used twice as much field sampling effort. South. J. Appl. For. 29(3):152–157.

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POPULATION DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF KALAMBODO MUSSEL (Anodonta woodiana) IN THE SUB WATERSHED OF LAHOMBUTI RIVER, LAHOTUTU VILLAGE, KONAWE DISTRICT SOUTH EAST SULAWESI

AQUASAINS ◽

10.23960/aqs.v8i1.p759-768 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 759

Author(s):

Muhammad Fajar Purnama ◽

Abdullah Abdullah ◽

Alfi Kusuma Admaja ◽

La Ode Alirman Afu

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Rice Field ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Average Density ◽

Sampling Location ◽

Channel Diameter ◽

Irrigation Channel ◽

Anodonta Woodiana

Abstrak The research was conducted in November 2018 - February 2019 in the Sub-watershed of the Lahombuti River in Lahotutu Village, Konawe Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine aspects of population density and distribution patterns of the Kalambodo (A. woodiana) in the Sub watershed of the Lahombuti tributary in Lahotutu Village, Wonggeduku District, Konawe Regency. The sampling location was determined using the purposive random sampling method. Sampling of Kalambodo (A. woodiana) was carried out at the location with the greatest abundance of A. woodiana, in the Sub watershed of the Lahombuti tributary of Lahotutu Village, on the "Main Rice Field Irrigation Channel" (diameter: ± 1,75 m, length: ± 4500 m, depth: ± 110 cm). Sampling of A. Woodiana was carried out at the same station with different spot sampling points. The Kalambodo samples were taken using a 1x1 m2 sized transect on 3 randomly assigned plots. The range of A. woodiana density per sub station is November 2018 amounting to 67-95 ind/m2, December 2018 is 41-61 ind/m2, January 2019 is 41-148 ind/m2 and February 2019 is 101- 114 ind/m2. The average density based on the period from the highest to the lowest is obtained in February 2019, January 2019, November 2018, and December 2018, which is 106.67 ind/m2, 81.33 ind/m2, 78 ind/m2, and 53 ind/m2, respectively. The distribution pattern of A. woodiana in the Sub-watershed of the Lahombuti River Basin generally shows a uniform category (Id <1), with a range of morisitha index values of 0.65-0.87.

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EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN JARING KABUT DALAM KOLEKSI CHIROPTERA (MEGACHIROPTERA DAN MICROCHIROPTERA)

Biocelebes ◽

10.22487/bioceb.v14i3.15421 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 237-243

Author(s):

Jason Thomas Karuntu ◽

Annawaty

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Sampling Site ◽

Insectivorous Bats ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Different Types ◽

Central Sulawesi ◽

Mist Net

The use of traps is very important in the process of sampling bats in the field. The mist net is a type of traps that commonly used to catch bats for research purposes. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using mist nets in bats sampling. Sampling site located in the Lindu Plain, District of Sigi, Central Sulawesi. Bats were sampled by mist nets using purposive sampling method, at four different types of habitat. The result of this study indicated that mist net is effective in catching fruit-eating bats (Megachiroptera), but is not effective in capturing insectivorous bats (Microchiroptera).

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High Species Richness and Extremely Low Abundance of Cumacean Communities Along the Shelf and Slope of the Gulf of Guinea (West Africa)

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.703547 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Stȩpień ◽

Krzysztof Pabis ◽

Robert Sobczyk ◽

Bjorn Serigstad

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

West Africa ◽

Principal Component ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Gulf Of Guinea ◽

Local Pollution ◽

High Species Richness ◽

Unique Species ◽

Marine Basins

The Gulf of Guinea belongs to the most scarcely sampled marine basins in the oceans of the world. We have analyzed diversity and distribution patterns of cumacean communities on the shelf and slope, along the coast of Ghana. The material was collected in October and November of 2012 using a van Veen grab (0.1 m2) on nine transects. Six stations were located at each transect (25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 m). Sixty-three species of Cumacea were recorded with Leucon and Eocuma as the most speciose genera, with 12 and eight species, respectively. Comparisons of species richness with literature data pointed that the Ghanaian coast hosts very diverse communities. About 95% of species were new to science, and the number of cumacean species known from the West Africa increased by over 100%. Nevertheless, most of the species had extremely low abundance, 13 singletons and 15 doubletons were found. Mean density of cumaceans was estimated at only 1.5 ind./0.1 m2. Species accumulation curve did not reach the asymptotic level, suggesting undersampling, despite the fact that sampling effort was high (250 samples). The highest species richness was recorded in the inner shelf (25–50 m) and on the slope (1,000 m). Cluster analysis separated shallow water communities from deeper regions on the shelf and upper slope. The most unique species composition was found at 1,000 m. Principal component analysis showed the importance of oxygen, sediments, and human-related disturbance for distribution of cumacean communities. In the shallows, oxygen content and presence of gravel were the most important factors structuring communities. In the deeper bottom areas (250–1,000 m), cumacean fauna was affected by local pollution, mainly by higher concentration of barium, other heavy metals, and THC.

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Optimising design and effort for environmental surveys using dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2016.48 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 149 (2) ◽

pp. 214-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Claudia Tocco ◽

Danielle E.A. Quinn ◽

John M. Midgley ◽

Martin H. Villet

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Ground Level ◽

Dung Beetle ◽

Pitfall Trap ◽

Dung Beetles ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Eastern Cape ◽

Trap Design ◽

Sampling Protocols ◽

By Catch

AbstractIn biological monitoring, deploying an effective standardised quantitative sampling method, optimised by trap design and sampling effort, is an essential consideration. To exemplify this using dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae and Aphodiinae) communities, three pitfall trap designs (un-baited (TN), baited at ground level (flat trap, TF), and baited above the trap (hanging trap, TH)), employed with varying levels of sampling effort (number of traps=1, 2, 3 … 10; number of days=1, 2, 3), were evaluated for sampling completeness and efficiency in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Modelling and resampling simulation approaches were used to suggest optimal sampling protocols across environmentally diverse sites. Overall, TF recovered the greatest abundance and species richness of dung beetles, but behavioural guilds showed conflicting trends: endocoprids preferred TH while paracoprids and telocoprids preferred TF. Resampling simulation of trap type and the two components of sampling effort suggested that six TF traps left for three days was most efficient in obtaining a representative sample and allowed differentiation between trap types, allowing the improved efficiency to be recognised. The effect of trap type on non-target specimens, particularly ants, was also investigated. TF and TH caught almost no by-catch, which is ethically desirable.

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An evaluation of three sampling methods to monitor a digenetic trematode Centrocestus formosanus in a spring-fed ecosystem

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182013000085 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 140 (7) ◽

pp. 814-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

VALENTIN CANTU ◽

THOMAS M. BRANDT ◽

THOMAS L. ARSUFFI

Keyword(s):

River Water ◽

Aquatic Ecosystems ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Sampling Methods ◽

Active Management ◽

Digenetic Trematode ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽

Negative Effects ◽

The Relationship

SUMMARYCentrocestus formosanus is a digenetic trematode from Asia that parasitizes multiple hosts and is a concern in the Comal River, Texas, USA, because of its negative effects on the endangered fountain darter Etheostoma fonticola. To determine a practical sampling method to monitor C. formosanus in the Comal River, we evaluated three sampling methods using wild-caught fish, caged fish reared in the laboratory, and cercariometry. Cercariometry detected significant spatial and temporal patterns of cercarial density in river water that were similar with metacercarial intensity in caged fish, but inconsistent with metacercarial intensity in wild-caught fish. Our results also showed a positive correlation between cercarial density in river water and metacercarial intensity in caged fish. Conversely, the relationship was not significant between cercarial density and metacercarial intensity in wild-caught fish. Because cercariometry predicted similar trends with the caged fountain darter sampling method, cercariometry was useful in predicting C. formosanus gill infections, infection rate, and longevity in infected fountain darters. Although trends from cercariometry and caged fish sampling methods were similar, we recommend cercariometry because it was less expensive to use given the amount of sampling effort required and provides trends that can be used to make pro-active management decisions in C. formosanus-infested aquatic ecosystems.

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INVENTARISASI, DISTRIBUSI, DAN POLA PENYEBARAN Rhododendron EPIFIT DI KEBUN RAYA EKA KARYA BALI

Buletin Kebun Raya ◽

10.14203/bkr.v23i1.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 59-68

Author(s):

Tri Warseno ◽

Rajif Iryadi ◽

Dyan Meiningsasi Siswoyo Putri

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Host Species ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Substrate Thickness ◽

Botanic Gardens ◽

Host Trees ◽

Bischofia Javanica

Epiphytic Rhododendrons is an important component in an ecosystem, but there is not much information and studies related to its ecology. This research aims to inventory and study the distribution and distribution patterns of Rhododendron populations that grow naturally in Eka Karya Botanic Gardens Bali (KREK). Random sampling method was employed to census the host trees especially old ones (more than 20 years) that overgrown with Rhododendrons. The results showed that there is one species of epiphytic Rhododendron identified in the KREK, namely Rhododendron javanicum. It is found typically in thin substrate thickness with moderate light intensity, mostly in zone III and IV. There were five host species, namely Bischofia javanica Blume, Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de Laub., Glochidion rubrum Blume, Prunus sp., and Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. with a total number of 31 trees. The results of this study would provide considerations for KREK managers to conserve, develop and utilize policies of epiphytic Rhododendron species.

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Mollusca’s Density and Distribution Pattern in Kalangan Mangrove Forest Ecosystem

Jurnal Moluska Indonesia ◽

10.54115/jmi.v5i2.16 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 42-49

Author(s):

Sayu Natio Tarihoran ◽

Susi Mei ◽

Arsanti Arsanti ◽

Rodhi Firmansyah ◽

Dian Fitria M ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coastal Area ◽

Mangrove Forest ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Future Generations ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Muddy Sand ◽

Cerithidea Cingulata

Shellfish is one of the organisms that have habitat in mangrove forests because it has a muddy substrate. However, mangrove forests in the coastal area of Kalangan, Central Tapanuli Regency have suffered environmental damage. Therefore, a research on the density and pattern of shellfish distribution is needed to be a recommendation for optimal, sutainable mangrove forest management. This research was conducted in September 2020. The method used in determining the location of sampling is purposive sampling method using 1x1m2 plot on the surface of muddy sand substrate. The results showed that the population density of Anodentia edentula 32 ind/m2 at Point I with grouping distribution patterns; Cerithidea cingulata 74 ind/m2 at Point I (grouping), 156 ind/m2 in Point II (grouping), and 126 ind/m2 in Point III (grouping); Cerithidea quadrata 2 ind/m2 in Point I (uniform); Clypeomorus sp 12 ind/m2 at Point I (uniform); Nerites sp 178 ind/m2 at Point I (group), 94 ind/m2 at Point II (group), and 418ind/m2 at Point III (grouping); Donax trunculus 3 ind/m2 at Point I (uniform); Sulcospira testudinaria 1 ind/m2 at Point I (uniform), 79 ind/m2 at Point II (grouping), and 32 ind/m2 at Point III (random), and Telescopium telescopium 2 ind/m2 at Point I (uniform), and 1 ind/m2 at Point III (random). So it can be concluded that the biodiversity of mollusca in mangrove forest ecosystems in the coastal area of Kalangan, Central Tapanuli Regency, is of low value so that it needs to be maintained for the sake of ecosystem balance and the availability of germplasm for future generations.

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Sampling methods affect nematode-trapping fungi biodiversity patterns across an elevational gradient.

10.21203/rs.2.14154/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Deng Wei ◽

Wang Jia-Liang ◽

Matthew B. Scott ◽

Fang Yi-Hao ◽

Liu Shuo-Ran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Distribution Pattern ◽

Sampling Design ◽

Elevation Gradient ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Altitude Range ◽

Elevational Gradients ◽

Lower Altitude ◽

Western Yunnan

Abstract Background Understanding the patterns of species richness across elevational gradients is a key concept for contemporary research in ecology and evolution, and critical to understanding large-scale trends in biodiversity, global change and conservation. However, patterns of elevational species richness between taxonomic groups, regions and latitudes are inconsistent, so that the various, sometimes conflicting hypotheses exist. Several scholars have pointed out that research on elevational distribution patterns is often biased by the sampling design employed. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed species richness of nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) across an elevation gradient at two mountainous sites in western Yunnan Province, P.R. China. We tested for potential differences in the results when using different sampling designs.Results A total of 3 genera, 17 species, 222 strains of NTF were isolated and identified from Gaoligongshan and Cangshan. Species accumulation curves for both sites and sampling modes had acceptable leveling, demonstrating sufficient sampling effort. At Gaoligongshan, the elevation distribution patterns of NTF were different under two sampling patterns. When reducing the analyzed altitude range in Gaoligongshan, the elevation distribution pattern of the NTF changed. A similar elevation distribution pattern was observed in Cangshan when testing the same altitude range. In general, when treating the same dataset using different sampling designs, the resulting distribution patterns of species richness and occurrence frequencies were clearly different. Moreover, after removal of the samples located within lower-altitude zones affected by anthropogenic interferences, the distribution pattern of NTF in the two sites tended to become uniform.Conclusion The sampling design, and in particular the elevation interval between plots, has a significant effect on the assessment of species distribution in mountainous regions. Other factors such as human activities and the multi-dimensionality of biodiversity also contribute to result biases. It is recommended that future studies on the elevational gradients of species richness consider with care sampling design using stratified approaches according to the most relevant factors.

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