Parasite commonality at Swamp Deer (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae: Rucervus duvaucelii duvaucelii) and livestock interface

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 15364-15369
Author(s):  
Animesh Talukdar ◽  
Bivash Pandav ◽  
Parag Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Coprological Examination ◽  
Parasitic Load ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Swamp Deer ◽  
Different Levels

Interactions between wildlife and livestock have increased over time with increased anthropogenic pressure on limited available natural habitats.  These interactions have resulted in sharing of pathogens between the species resulting in impacting the wild animals’ fitness and reproduction and further influencing their abundance and diversity.  The spatial overlap between Swamp Deer and livestock was studied at Jhilmil Jheel Conservation Reserve (JJCR), Uttarakhand and Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS), Uttar Pradesh in India, having different levels of interaction with livestock.  The prevalence, load and commonality of gastro-intestinal parasites in the species was studied through coprological examination. Parasitic ova of Strongyle sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Fasciola sp., and Moniezia sp. Amphistomes were encountered in swamp deer and livestock from both the sites. The parasitic species richness and prevalence however, varied between JJCR and KWLS.  The study recorded significant differences between the parasitic load in Swamp Deer with the eggs per gram of 487.5±46.30 at JJCR and 363.64±49.97 at KWLS at varying levels of livestock interactions.

scholarly journals Tree resources Of Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, India with especial emphasis on conservation status, phenology and economic values

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
Lal Babu Chaudhary ◽  
Anoop Kumar ◽  
Ashish K Mishra ◽  
Nayan Sahu ◽  
Jitendra Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Economic Values

Uttar Pradesh, one of the most populated states of India along international border of Nepal, contributes only about 3% of total forest & tree cover of the country as the major parts of the area is covered by agriculture lands and human populations. The forests are quite fragmented and facing severe anthropogenic pressure in many parts. To protect the existing biodiversity, several forest covers have been declared as National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. In the present study, Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary (KWS) has been selected to assess tree diversity, their phenology and economic values as the trees are the major constituent of any forest and more fascinating among all plant groups. The sanctuary consists of tropical moist deciduous type of vegetation and situated along the Indo-Nepal boarder in Bahraich district of Uttar Pradesh, India. After, thorough assessment of the area, a list of 141 tree species belonging to 101 genera and 38 families have been prepared. The family Fabaceae exhibits highest generic and species diversity with 14 genera and 23 species. The genus Ficus of Moraceae has been found the largest with 11 species. Maximum trees with about 51 species have been found to flower in post winter season (February to March) in the forest. About 62 trees are used as medicinal for various purposes, 50 as ornamental & avenue trees, 37 as timber wood, 36 as edible, 16 as fire wood and 12 as fodder. Since the sanctuary area has been surrounded by several villages and facing anthropogenic pressure, the public awareness program related with biodiversity conservation and sustainable uses is highly needed to protect the forest covers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i1.9949 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(1) 2014: 122-133

scholarly journals A coprological survey of gastro-intestinal parasites of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Kurigram district of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAA Mamun ◽  
N Begum ◽  
MMH Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
Coprological Examination ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Paramphistomum Cervi

Epidemiology of gastro-intestinal parasites of water buffaloes was investigated in Kurigram district of Bangladesh between November 2007 and October 2008 through coprological examination. A total of 236 water buffaloes were examined, among them 144 (61.02%) buffaloes were found infected with one or more species of gastro-intestinal parasites. Nine species of gastro-intestinal parasites were identified, of them four species were trematodes, namely, Paramphistomum cervi (29.24%), Fasciola gigantica (22.46%), Schistosoma indicum (1.27%), Schistosoma spindale (0.85%); three species were nematodes, namely, Toxocara vitulorum (2.54%), Strongyles (0.85%), Strongyloides sp. (0.42%) and two species were protozoa, namely, Eimeria sp. (3.39%) and Balantidium coli (37.29%). No cestode was detected. Among the gastro-intestinal parasites mixed infection was common. In this investigation, prevalence of parasites in relation to age, sex and seasonal dynamics was also studied. Significantly (p<0.01) higher prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites was observed in rainy season followed by summer and winter seasons. Males and females were almost equally (odd ratio 1.08) susceptible to gastro-intestinal parasitic infection. In the age groups, young (< 2 to 5 years) were mostly (p<0.01) susceptible to gastro-intestinal parasites. In the present study, EPG (Egg/cyst Per Gram of Feces) was also determined. The range of EPG varied from 100-5000 among the identified parasites. The results of the present investigation revealed that the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in buffaloes is very common and quite severe. It is imperative that integrated strategies and measures be taken to control gastrointestinal parasitic infections in buffaloes in kurigram district and elsewhere in Bangladesh. Keywords: Buffalo; Gastro-intestinal parasites; Kurigram district DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v9i1.8752 JBAU 2011; 9(1): 103-109

scholarly journals Seasonal activity pattern of Swamp deer (Rucervus duvaucelii duvaucelii) in Dudhwa National Park, Uttar Pradesh, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleem Ahmed ◽  
Jamal A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Continuous Feeding ◽  
Swamp Deer

The data on activity pattern and time budget of Swamp deer (Rucervus duvauceli duvauceli) were collected through instantaneous scan sampling from Dudhwa National Park, Uttar Pradesh, India Diurnal activity pattern of Swamp deer showed marked reduction in resting in winter as compared to summer. In winter resting in adult males showed polymodal pattern with peaks occurring at different hours of the day and continued throughout the day without any break. Feeding of adult females in winter and summer seasons showed a polymodal pattern with peaks occurring at different hours of the day without break. In yearling males feeding and resting was observed to occur throughout the day during winter season with peaks occurring between 11:00 to 12:00 hours. Yearling females showed continuous feeding throughout the day with peaks in different times in both the seasons. The seasonal distribution of activity patterns of the fawns showed that feeding was slightly more in summer as compared to winter. In time budget, of the expenditure on different activities, resting accounted for 63.77% and feeding 24.70%. In both the seasons resting was the major portion of their activity. Analysis showed that in all age and sex categories of Swamp deer in the Dudhwa NP, resting dominated on all other activities. The observation on endangered Swamp deer indicates synchronization in activity only in the feeding in the morning and evening hours and resting throughout the day.

scholarly journals Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants in Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary, District Sialkot, Punjab Province of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Sidra Ahsan Shah ◽  
Wajeeha Iqbal ◽  
Muneeba Sheraz ◽  
Bilal Javed ◽  
Syeda Sadaf Zehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Dehnh

Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary is a complex riverine ecosystem and is unique because of the presence of river Chenab, various seasonal streams, lakes, and Head Marala barrage. These ecogeographic conditions provide diverse natural habitats for various plant and animal species to grow uninterrupted and have undocumented ethnopharmacologically important medicinal flora. The present study involves the first-ever extensive investigation to document the ethnopharmacological knowledge on medicinal plants of local healers and inhabitants of the Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary to treat ailments. The unstructured and semistructured interviews of the local healers and inhabitants were conducted that included 130 individuals. The ethnomedicinal formulations, their method of preparation, mode of administration, parts of the plant used, diseases cured, and their categorization along with species use report (UR) were analyzed. The ethnopharmacological study led to the enlisting of 114 medicinal plant species belonging to 97 genera and distributed among 47 plant families. 2029 URs were collected with 42 general disease categories. Each plant species was reported 18 times to cure various diseases (∼18 UR), while ∼48 URs were collected on each disease category by local informants. Digestive issues (290 URs, ∼14.29%) and skin infections (279 URs, ∼13.75%) were found most commonly among the occupants of the area. The oral administration (69%) of herbal drugs and the preparation of plant extracts (32%) were the most common ethnopharmacological strategies. Inhabitants of the area were well aware of the limited use of poisonous plants. 8 (∼7%) out of the total 114 medicinal plant species were listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Least Concern, while Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. was enlisted as near-threatened. The results of the present investigation show that the occupants of the Bajwat have sound information about the ethnopharmacological consumption of medicinal plants, and some of the novel ethnomedicinal formulations were reported which provide the basic data for further pharmacological research.

scholarly journals Finding of rare species of plats in the southern part of the Sinyukha river basin

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
K. V. Zhulenko
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Rare Plant Species ◽  
New Localities

Introduction. The Sinyukha river basin, in particular its southern part, is an area with a high level of anthropogenic pressure and a significant level of agricultural development (the proportion of agricultural land is more than 80%), with fragmented natural habitats. Detailed chorological study is needed to supplement the pattern of the distribution of rare plant species, to develop measures for their conservation, to optimize the existing network of protected areas in the region.Рurpose of the study isto analyze the current distribution and describe new finds of some rare plant species in the southern part of the Sinyukha river basin.Methods. The research was conducted in April-June 2021. We surveyed the area of the Sinyukha river valley from the village of Kalamazovo (Vilshansky district, Kirovohrad region) to its confluence with the Southern Bug River in Pervomaisk (Mykolayiv region), as well as – the valleys of its tributaries – Chorny Tashlyk, Malyi Tashlyk and Sukhyi Tashlyk. When locating a rare species, the plants were photographed and georeferenced at a point with GPS-navigator. Species cover is given according to the Broun-Blanquet scale. The distribution maps were performed by free QGIS software.Results.We revealed new and confirmed known localities of 20 rare species:Adonis vernalis, Asplenium septentrionale, Astragalus dasyanthus, A. odessanus, Bellevalia sarmatica, Clematis integrifolia, Crocus reticulatus, Dianthus hypanicus, Ephedra distachya, Hyacinthella leucophaea, Iris pontica, Iris pumila, Ornithogalum boucheanum, Pulsatilla pratensis, Primula veris, Sedum borissovae, Stipa capillata, S. lessingiana, S. pennata, Tulipa hypanica. Among the 20 identified rare species one has the category VU (Vulnerable) in the IUCN red list and belongs to the list of Resolution 6 of the Berne Convention; three species are narrowly local endemics of the Dnieper Upland; 11 are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (5 of them have the status vulnerable, 1 – rare, 5 – insufficiently known); 5 species are regionally rare in Kirovohrad and 8 – in Mykolayiv regions. Most of the revealed species have a cover less than 5%. Only 9 of the 20 registered rare species characterized by more than five localities within the studied area. Originality. New localities of 20 rare species of plants of different levels of protection have been revealed. Prospects for conservation valuableof their habitats are offered.Conclusion. We have identified a significant number of new localities of rare plant species that are not covered by proper protection. This indicates the need for more detailed chorological research to elucidate the current distribution of rare species and the creation of new protected areas. Key words:rare species; threat category; red lists; natural habitats; chorology.

scholarly journals Local changes in communities of wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Apiformes): 30 years later

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Banaszak ◽  
Halina Ratyńska
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Bee Communities ◽  
Forest Habitats

ABSTRACT Changes in communities of wild bees (Apiformes) were studied in relation to changes in vegetation in six permanent plots (natural forest habitats in the Wielkopolska National Park, and semi-natural habitats in the agricultural landscape near Turew) at the end of four decades (starting from the late 1970s). In 2008-2010, as many as 100 species of Apiformes were recorded there, which is more than reported in earlier decades. The most stable bee communities were those in forest habitats (oak-hornbeam forest, oak forest). Substantial qualitative and quantitative changes in vegetation and bee communities were recorded only after the renaturalisation of a former xerothermic grassland, which had become overgrown with shrubs and trees as a result of plant succession. Human interference (e.g. the felling of some trees growing along a road, clearance of understorey shrubs, ploughing of roadside margins) at selected refuge habitats in the agricultural landscape led to short-term fluctuations in bee abundance and diversity, but an increasing trend in abundance was noted.

Diversity, Distribution, Indigenous Uses and Conservation of Medicinal Plants in Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary, North Western Himalaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-201
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Sher Samant ◽  
Lalit Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Natural Habitats

In the Indian Himalayan Region, the use of medicinal plants is still a tradition continued by local people or ethnic communities and Traditional Medicine Systems play an important role in daily health care of poor people. The use of plants as medicine is slowly increasing in the developed world because they have minor or no side effects. The present study was conducted in Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary of Himachal Pradesh as the total dependency of the stakeholders on nearby forests for medicinal resources. In the present study, we reported 371 plant species that are used by the people in and around Nargu WLS as medicine. Distribution of maximum species (297 spp.) occurred between 1801-2800 m zone and only 40 species were present above 3800m. Of the total medicinal species recorded, 163 spp. were native to the Himalayan region and 24 spp. native to the Himalaya and other biogeographically regions. Rests (184 spp.) were non-native. The most frequently cured disease category (108 spp.) was gastrointestinal disease. Stakeholders of the Sanctuary and surrounding villages have rich indigenous knowledge of the use of medicinal plants to maintain their primary health. Traditional herbal remedies are important and effective because many traditional uses are scientifically proven through phytochemical and pharmacological studies. However, a large number of plant species remain untested for bio-efficacy and toxicity. Such tests may reveal novel remedies that have bioprospecting potential. Moreover, the study emphasizes the need for the conservation of such precious medicinal resource of the area by managing and conserving the natural habitats, checking unscientific exploitation and by applying in-situ and various ex-situ conservation methods.

scholarly journals Barasingha in the Dudhwa Sanctuary

Oryx ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Schaaf ◽  
Arjan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
The North ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Swamp Deer

The largest remaining and probably the best protected population of the endangered northern barasingha or swamp deer Cervus duvauceli duvauceli occurs in the Dudhwa Sanctuary of Kheri District, in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. In April 1975 the authors made a count of the deer in this sanctuary, following up Dr Colin Holloway's 1972 survey. Their estimate of the population as a result is 1200–1600, compared with ‘about’ 1200 in 1972. This article presents the results of their survey along with a description of the habitat.

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