scholarly journals Elevational pattern and seasonality of avian diversity in Kaligandaki River Basin, central Himalaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 16927-16943
Author(s):  
Juna Neupane ◽  
Laxman Khanal ◽  
Basant Gyawali ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Avian Diversity ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Point Count ◽  
The Road

This study explored bird diversity, seasonal variation, and associated factors along an elevational gradient in an important biodiversity area (IBA) of central Nepal: the Kaligandaki River basin of Annapurna Conservation Area.  The field survey was carried out in 2019 over two seasons, winter (January and February) and summer (May and June) using the point count method.  A total of 90 sampling plots were set up from elevations of 800m (Beni) to 3,800m (Muktinath).  Data for variables including the number of fruiting trees (indicator of resource availability) and distance to the road (indicator of disturbance) were collected, and their influence on avian diversity were assessed.  The results revealed a diverse assemblage of avian fauna in the study area with consistent species richness over the two seasons.  A decline in species richness and diversity with increasing elevation was observed.  Of the different habitat types within the study area, forest and shrubland habitats showed the strongest association with bird species distribution and richness.  We emphasize the need for long-term monitoring programs with standardized sampling approaches to better understand the avifauna in the central Himalaya.

scholarly journals Avifauna Survey within a University Campus and Adjacent Forest Fragment in Bicol, Eastern Philippines

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Serrano ◽  
Jonathan Guerrero ◽  
Josiah Quimpo ◽  
Giovani Andes ◽  
Erwin Bañares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Avian Diversity ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Point Count Method

With the lack of baseline information on avifauna within Bicol University and the adjacent forest fragment, this research aimed to identify bird species and compare their presence between an urbanized and forest areas. Avian diversity was documented within the Kalikasan Park and Bicol University Main Campus adjacent ecosystems, representing a forest fragment and semi-urbanized ecosystems, respectively. Bird survey was carried out through point count method. Identification was aided by existing taxonomic keys. A total of 44 species were recorded with eleven as Philippine endemics. Lonchura malacca(Chestnut Munia) and Aplonis panayensis (Asian Glossy Starling) were among the most frequently sighted. Bird species sighted was higher in the forest fragment as compared with the main campus area. The study recommends that Bicol University Main campus be transformed into an avian buffer and safe zone for the protection and conservation of these species and to provide policies to maintain high bird diversity.

scholarly journals Avian Diversity of Oak Mixed Forest in Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarnail Singh ◽  
Sunil Bhandari ◽  
M S Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Avian Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species

The avian diversity of Oak mixed forest in Pauri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand was studied during October 2019 to March 2020. Two strands of oak mixed forest located at different sites at 29º 22’-29º 75’ North and 78º, 10’ -78º,80’ East (1750 masl) were selected. Regular field survey was carried out during the morning and evening hours at each site. A total of 63 species of birds belonging to 07 orders and 31 families were recorded. The average bird diversity index H ¯was 3.202. The species richness was observed around 7.27 and species evenness was 0.72. The highest number of species was recorded at Ransi Oak mixed forest (63) and lowest number of bird species were recorded in Teka Oak mixed forest (60).

scholarly journals Bird community structure as a function of habitat heterogeneity: A case of Mardi Himal, Central Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Pandey ◽  
Laxman Khanal ◽  
Neeti Chapagain ◽  
K. Deepak Singh ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Central Nepal

Abstract. Pandey N, Khanal L, Chapagain N, Singh KD, Bhattarai BP, Chalise MK. 2021. Bird community structure as a function of habitat heterogeneity: A case of Mardi Himal, Central Nepal. Biodiversitas 22: 262-271. Community structure of birds at different habitat types is underexplored in the montane environment of the central Himalaya. Therefore, this study explored bird community structure in different habitat types in Mardi Himal of the Annapurna Conservation Area, central Nepal, and tested association of different feeding guilds with the habitats. Data on the avian richness and abundance were collected in the winter and the summer of 2019 by point count method along the elevational gradient in every 100 m rise and analyzed using ordination methods. A total of 673 individuals of 112 bird species from 35 families under 13 orders were recorded. Among the observed orders and families, the order Passeriformes (77 species) and family Muscicapidae (16 species) were the most dominant. A linear species accumulation curve was obtained in both seasons. Species richness and abundance were found higher at forest edges of mid-elevations and insectivores were the most abundant birds. Frugivorous and carnivorous birds showed no specific association with habitat types, whereas, insectivores and omnivores were more abundant in pastureland and forest, respectively. Our results revealed that the community composition of birds varies with the habitat types and their feeding specialization is one of the major determinants.

scholarly journals First assessment of bird diversity in the UNESCO Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve, southwestern Ethiopia: species richness, distribution and potential for avian conservation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 13850-13867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias Van Opstal ◽  
Bernard Oosterlynck ◽  
Million Belay ◽  
Jesse Erens ◽  
Matthias De Beenhouwer
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
The Rich ◽  
High Degree

The Sheka Zone in southwestern Ethiopia is covered by some of the largest remaining forests in the Eastern Afromontane biodiversity hotspot.  Owing to the rich biodiversity and a high degree of endemism, it was declared as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 2012 and is considered a Key Biodiversity Area.  Detailed knowledge on species diversity and distribution in the reserve is, however, severely limited.  From February to April 2016, an assessment of the bird diversity and distribution in the reserve was made for the first time through point count transects, camera-trap recordings and opportunistic observations.  In total, 244 bird species were identified, of which 19% was only found within the reserve’s designated protected zones.  Our study indicates a remarkable bird species richness across the different habitats in Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve and can be used as a baseline for future monitoring studies and conservation planning.  

Functional evenness of bird communities varies along the elevational gradient in Europe: Conservation implications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Yanina
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Functional Evenness

ContextThe negative association between elevation and species richness is a well-recognized pattern in macro-ecology. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in functional evenness of breeding bird communities along an elevation gradient in Europe. MethodsUsing the bird data from the EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds we estimated an index of functional evenness which can be assumed as a measure of the potential resilience of communities.ResultsOur findings confirm the existence of a negative association between elevation and bird species richness in all European eco regions. However, we also explored a novel aspect of this relationship, important for conservation: Our findings provide evidence at large spatial scale of a negative association between the functional evenness (potential community resilience) and elevation, independent of the eco region. We also found that the Natura2000 protected areas covers the territory most in need of protection, those characterized by bird communities with low potential resilience, in hilly and mountainous areas.ConclusionsThese results draw attention to European areas occupied by bird communities characterized by a potential lower capacity to respond to strong ecological changes, and, therefore, potentially more exposed to risks for conservation.

scholarly journals An Assessment on Bird’s Diversity in Bagmati River Corridor

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Shambhu Paudel ◽  
Dipak BK
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Point Count ◽  
The Public ◽  
One Year ◽  
Bagmati River ◽  
River Corridor

Bagmati River is considered as a potential conservation area in terms of the bio-diversity conservation due to its unique and diversified habitat distribution. Due to various causes, the river is being polluted and hence habitat degradation rate is increasing. As a consequence, the direct effect is seen on birds inhabiting there. Aiming the assessment of bird's diversity, one year survey was conducted in Bagmati River from Tilganga Bridge to chobhar Gorge Bridge (here after termed as Bagmati river corridor) by applying the point count method .In the total enumeration, 100 of birds species were recorded among which 7 are listed in CITES appendix. The bird species that are regarded as globally threatened are not recorded in the study area. In this report, some potential patches in the study area, are described as hot spots, considering the higher probability of recording maximum number of birds species. The public voice is also collected to find out the public perception on the present status of birds of Bagmati river corridor using the questionaire method. Some causes of habitat destruction and some potential conservation measures are also mentioned. Key Words: Bagmati river corridor, Birds, Conservation, Hotspots, Diversity, Habitat   DOI: 10.3126/init.v2i1.2520 The Initiation Vol.2(1) 2008 pp34-40

scholarly journals Factors affecting the species richness and composition of bird species in a community managed forest of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 19212-19222
Author(s):  
Bishow Poudel ◽  
Bijaya Neupane ◽  
Rajeev Joshi ◽  
Thakur Silwal ◽  
Nirjala Raut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

There exists limited information on biodiversity including avifaunal diversity and habitat condition in community forests (CF) of Nepal; thus we aimed to fulfill such gaps in Tibrekot CF of Kaski district. We used the point count method for assessing bird diversity and laid out a circular plot size of radius 5-m within 15-m distance from each point count station for recording the biophysical habitat characteristics. Bird species’ diversity, richness and evenness were calculated using popular indexes and General Linear Model (GLM) was used to test the respective effect of various biophysical factors associated with the richness of bird species. In total, 166 (summer 122, winter 125) bird species were recorded in 46 sample plots. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was calculated as 3.99 and 4.09, Margalef’s richness index as 16.84 and 17.53 and Pielou’s evenness index as 0.83 and 0.84 for summer and winter, respectively. The influencing factors for richness of bird species were season (χ21, 90= 112.21; P= 0.016) with higher richness in the summer season and low vegetation cover (χ21, 89= 113.88; P= 0.0064) with higher richness in lower percentage cover. Thus, community managed forest should be protected as it has a significant role in increasing bird diversity, which has potential for attracting avifaunal tourism for the benefit of the local communities.

scholarly journals Congruence between breeding and wintering biodiversity hotspots: A case study in farmlands of Western Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Zbigniew Kwieciński ◽  
Piotr Indykiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Jankowiak ◽  
Paweł Szymański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Evolutionary Distinctiveness

Abstract Farmland landscapes are recognized as important ecosystems, not only for their rich biodiversity but equally so for the human beings who live and work in these places. However, biodiversity varies among sites (spatial change) and among seasons (temporal change). In this work, we tested the hypothesis that bird diversity hotspots distribution for breeding is congruent with bird diversity hotspots for wintering season, focusing also the representation of protected areas for the conservation of local hotspots. We proposed a framework based on the use of species richness, functional diversity, and evolutionary distinctiveness to characterize avian communities. Although our findings show that the spatial distribution of local bird hotspots differed slightly between seasons, the protected areas’ representation was similar in both seasons. Protected areas covered 65% of the most important zones for breeding and 71% for the wintering season in the farmland studied. Functional diversity showed similar patterns as did bird species richness, but this measure can be most effective for highlighting differences on bird community composition. Evolutionary distinctiveness was less congruent with species richness and functional diversity, among seasons. Our findings suggest that inter-seasonal spatial congruence of local hotspots can be considered as suitable areas upon which to concentrate greater conservation efforts. However, even considering the relative congruence of avian diversity metrics at a local spatial scale, simultaneous analysis of protected areas while inter-seasonally considering hotspots, can provide a more complete representation of ecosystems for assessing the conservation status and designating priority areas.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG SIRIMAU

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
John F. Sahusilawane
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
Count Method ◽  
Protected Forests ◽  
Point Count Method ◽  
Habitat Variables

This study was conducted to determine the composition of bird diversity and vegetation stages and composition, to determine the variables that most influence the diversity of birds in protected forests Sirimau, This study was conducted for three months from September 2015 to November 2015. Bird observations and habitat variables performed using the Point Count method, and found thirty observation points at each location, with 30 cm trellis and 200 m plot distance. The analysis of birds and vegetation in Sirimau mountain forests shows that, bird species are dominated by Red Eye (Aplonis Motalica), and more than 50 species of vegetation exist in the research location, dominated by fruits.  

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