Bat diversity in the Banpale forest, Pokhara, Nepal during spring season

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 18479-18489
Author(s):  
Prabhat Kiran Bhattarai ◽  
Basant Sharma ◽  
Anisha Neupane ◽  
Sunita Kunwar ◽  
Pratyush Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Bat Diversity ◽  
Forest Habitats

Bat research in Nepal is limited and most areas remain to be explored.  Sparse research has been conducted in the Banpale forest and to improve the understanding of bat diversity, an updated species checklist was prepared.  Trapping surveys using mist nets were conducted at four different locations in the forest from March to May 2018.  This survey identified 55 individuals belonging to eight species within eight genera and four families.  Trapping locations near less disturbed forest edges and water resources were found to have higher bat diversity compared to highly disturbed areas (e.g., landslides and logging areas).  With information from survey and secondary source, we conclude that Banpale forest harbours 10 of the 53 bat species found in Nepal.  We recommend adopting practices to conserve the forest from landslides and minimizing illegal logging to conserve bat forest habitats. 

scholarly journals Patterns of Bat Diversity in an Undisturbed Forest and Forest Mosaic Habitats of the Afromontane Forest Biome of Western Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric-Moîse BakwoFils ◽  
Manga Aaron Mongombe ◽  
Dongmo Ervis Manfothang ◽  
Aicha Gomeh-Djame ◽  
Jean Michel Takuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Bat Diversity ◽  
Forest Habitats

Anthropogenic activities continue to degrade natural montane ecosystems globally. Bats communities are altered by these changes. We analyzed how bats are affected by human-induced habitat changes by comparing the bat species diversity and functional diversity in undisturbed forest habitats and disturbed forest habitats of the Afromontane biome of Cameroon. We recorded 244 individuals from 13 species in the undisturbed forest, while 233 individuals from 16 species were recorded in the disturbed forest. Bat diversity was higher in disturbed habitats (D = 0.84) than undisturbed habitats (D = 0.67). Jackknife 1 species richness estimator suggests 21.53 species for the disturbed forest and 19.30 in the undisturbed forest. Closed-space forager insectivorous bats made up nearly half of the species in the undisturbed forest, but this dropped to 25% in the disturbed forest, meanwhile, edge-space foragers increased in the disturbed forest. Bat community analyses by ordination revealed a distinct bat community composition between the two forest types, demonstrated as a significant difference in diversity between the two forest types. The distribution of Rousettus aegyptiacus, Myonycteris angolensis, Hipposideros cf. ruber, and Micropteropus pusillus contribute the most to the difference in bat community composition between the two forest types. Edge and open-space species were likely to benefit from additional resources provided by the disturbed area, by expanding their range and distribution. However, this may not compensate for the decline in the population of forest species caused by the loss of pristine forests, thus measures to conserve montane forest remnants should be of utmost significance.

Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Forest Edges ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
New Habitats

Abstract Oldenlandia corymbosa is a widespread polymorphic weed with a pantropical distribution. It is fast-growing and can rapidly colonize disturbed areas, open sites, gardens, farmlands, forest edges, grasslands, roadsides and riverbanks. O. corymbosa also produces large volumes of tiny seeds that can be easily dispersed by water, animals and vehicles, or as a contaminant in soil and agricultural produce. Its weedy habit, preference for disturbed sites and tiny seeds all facilitate its spread and colonization of new habitats.

Impact of distance to mature forest on the recolonisation of bryophytes in a regenerating Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Baker ◽  
Gregory J. Jordan ◽  
Patrick J. Dalton ◽  
Susan C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effect ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
Ideal Group

Forest influence is a type of edge effect that occurs when mature forests affect the recolonisation of adjacent disturbed areas. This can be driven by changes in microclimate conditions near the edge or by an increase in establishment ability with proximity to a propagule source. Bryophyte recolonisation is sensitive to both microclimate and dispersal distance, therefore they are an ideal group to examine how strong forest influence is and over what distance it operates. Responses to forest influence are known to be highly species dependent; therefore, we tested whether distance affects the recolonisation ability of a range of bryophytes. As well as examining a range of species, we tested whether forest influence operated differently on two types of substrate used by bryophytes (logs and ground). For most of the species examined, establishment rates in disturbed forest diminished further away from the mature edge. The influence of unlogged mature forest on bryophyte establishment in harvested forest occurred up to 50 m. Species varied in their response to distance, and the relationships with distance were stronger on the ground compared with log substrates. These results support the concept of forest influence, with areas closer to mature forest experiencing more substantial re-establishment. These findings are relevant to conservation of bryophytes in managed native forests.

scholarly journals Avian use of man-disturbed forest habitats in the Eastern Ghats, India

Ibis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 197-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUCE M. BEEHLER ◽  
K. S. R. KRISHNA RAJU ◽  
SHAHID ALI
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Forest Habitats

scholarly journals Chiroptera, mid-Calima River basin, Pacific slope of the Western Andes, Valle del Cauca, Colombia

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Saavedra-Rodríguez ◽  
Vladimir Rojas-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
Bat Diversity

The Calima River Basin is part of the Chocó Biogeográfico Ecoregion in the Pacific Coast of Colombia. Here, we compile a bat species checklist recorded for the Basin and describe the bat diversity patterns found in the mid-Calima Basin (the gradient from 300 – 1,400 m a.s.l.). The checklist comprises 55 bat species for the Basin. In the mid-Calima, 31 bat species occur (permanently or seasonally). Our results show complementary diversity patterns of bat assemblages living below and above 1,000 m. We also identified an overlap zone between 800 – 1,200 m a.s.l. where at least three pairs of sister species coexists. The sampled area is located where the Chocó and the Andes biogeographical regions are connected. The Calima River Basin has high bat richness, high variation in species composition along the elevational gradient, and harbours threatened and endemic species, highlighting its importance for conservation. 

scholarly journals Reproductive phenology of Miconia mirabilis (Melastomataceae) within three distinct physiognomies of Atlantic Forest, Bahia, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaele de Souza Pessoa ◽  
Kristel Myriam De Vleeschouwer ◽  
Daniela Custódio Talora ◽  
Larissa Rocha ◽  
André Márcio Araújo Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Study Sites

Although Miconia mirabilis is a very common species in disturbed forest areas and is known for providing food resources for the local fauna, little is known about its reproductive phenology and other ecological aspects. The present study compares intra- and inter-annual patterns in the reproductive phenophases of that species in three distinct physiognomies of Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Bahia based on semi-quantitative observations conducted over a period of three years. We searched for possiblerelationships with climatic variables, differences among sites and synchrony. Both the flowering and fruiting strategies of M. mirabilis were classified as annual extended in all three study sites. We found no significant differences among years. Despite low seasonality of the regional climate, intensities of the different phenophases were negatively correlated with day length and temperature. In general, inter- and intra-population synchrony for flowering and fruiting was high (between 0.65 and 0.78), except for inundated forest, probably due to the stress caused by flooding. Given that Miconia mirabilis has the potential to be an important food resource for the local fauna due to the large quantities of flowers and fruits produced and their almost year-round availability, and its capacity for occupying impoverished areas, the species may be considered in restoration programs as a potentially interesting species capable of attracting frugivores to disturbed areas.

scholarly journals Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Forest Edges ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
New Habitats

Abstract Oldenlandia corymbosa is a widespread polymorphic weed with a pantropical distribution. It is fast-growing and can rapidly colonize disturbed areas, open sites, gardens, farmlands, forest edges, grasslands, roadsides and riverbanks. O. corymbosa also produces large volumes of tiny seeds that can be easily dispersed by water, animals and vehicles, or as a contaminant in soil and agricultural produce. Its weedy habit, preference for disturbed sites and tiny seeds all facilitate its spread and colonization of new habitats.

Emilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval ◽  
Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Abandoned Farmland ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
New Habitats

Abstract E. fosbergii is a cosmopolitan annual herb included in the Global Compendium of Weeds (Randall, 2012). It is fast-growing, with the capacity to grow as a weed and colonize disturbed areas, waste ground, gardens, abandoned farmland, coastal forests, forest edges, pastures, roadsides, rocky areas, and riverbanks (Wagner et al., 1999; Vibrans, 2011; Pruski 2014). It produces large amounts of wind-dispersed seeds (>5000 seeds per plant; Mejía et al., 1994) which is a feature facilitating the likelihood of spreading and colonizing new habitats. Currently, E. fosbergii is listed as invasive in Mexico, Central America, West Indies, and on several islands in the Pacific Ocean (see Distribution Table for details).

scholarly journals Influences of Climate Change on Water Resources Availability in Jinjiang Basin, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Sun ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Zhanjie Li ◽  
Xiaolei Yao ◽  
Jingshan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Water Resources Availability

The influences of climate change on water resources availability in Jinjiang Basin, China, were assessed using the Block-wise use of the TOPmodel with the Muskingum-Cunge routing method (BTOPMC) distributed hydrological model. The ensemble average of downscaled output from sixteen GCMs (General Circulation Models) for A1B emission scenario (medium CO2emission) in the 2050s was adopted to build regional climate change scenario. The projected precipitation and temperature data were used to drive BTOPMC for predicting hydrological changes in the 2050s. Results show that evapotranspiration will increase in most time of a year. Runoff in summer to early autumn exhibits an increasing trend, while in the rest period of a year it shows a decreasing trend, especially in spring season. From the viewpoint of water resource availability, it is indicated that it has the possibility that water resources may not be sufficient to fulfill irrigation water demand in the spring season and one possible solution is to store more water in the reservoir in previous summer.

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