Impact of distance to mature forest on the recolonisation of bryophytes in a regenerating Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Baker ◽  
Gregory J. Jordan ◽  
Patrick J. Dalton ◽  
Susan C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effect ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
Ideal Group

Forest influence is a type of edge effect that occurs when mature forests affect the recolonisation of adjacent disturbed areas. This can be driven by changes in microclimate conditions near the edge or by an increase in establishment ability with proximity to a propagule source. Bryophyte recolonisation is sensitive to both microclimate and dispersal distance, therefore they are an ideal group to examine how strong forest influence is and over what distance it operates. Responses to forest influence are known to be highly species dependent; therefore, we tested whether distance affects the recolonisation ability of a range of bryophytes. As well as examining a range of species, we tested whether forest influence operated differently on two types of substrate used by bryophytes (logs and ground). For most of the species examined, establishment rates in disturbed forest diminished further away from the mature edge. The influence of unlogged mature forest on bryophyte establishment in harvested forest occurred up to 50 m. Species varied in their response to distance, and the relationships with distance were stronger on the ground compared with log substrates. These results support the concept of forest influence, with areas closer to mature forest experiencing more substantial re-establishment. These findings are relevant to conservation of bryophytes in managed native forests.

A Floristic Comparison of Vascular Species in Tasmanian Oldgrowth Mixed Forest With Regeneration Resulting From Logging and Wildfire

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Hickey
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Eucalypt Forests ◽  
Or Fires ◽  
Epiphytic Fern

About 20% of Tasmania's wet eucalypt forest is mixed forest, i.e. having a rainforest understorey and a eucalypt overstorey. While one-third of the mixed forest is formally reserved, much of the remainder is subject to logging on an 80-100 year rotation which is insufficient for the redevelopment of mature mixed forest. The routine silvicultural regeneration treatment for wet eucalypt forests is to clearfell, burn and sow with eucalypt seed. A comparison of the Vascular floristics of 20-30-year-old silvicultural and wildfire regeneration with oldgrowth mixed forest showed that most species common in oldgrowth mixed forest were represented in approximately similar frequencies in silvicultural regeneration and wildfire regeneration. The major floristic difference between the two regeneration types was the much lower frequency of oldgrowth epiphytic fern species in silvicultural regeneration and a higher frequency of a sedge species often associated with disturbed areas. However, after a single logging treatment, the vascular plant floristics of silvicultural regeneration were sufficiently similar to wildfire regeneration to assume that, in the absence of further logging or fires, the silvicultural regeneration could become mature mixed forest and eventually rainforest. Further work is required to determine whether regrowth mixed forest can be logged at 80-100 years and still retain sufficient rainforest elements to eventually return to mixed forest within the life span of the dominant eucalypts. The critical factor in the silvicultural perpetuation of mixed forest may be rotation length rather than regeneration treatment.

scholarly journals Influencia de microhábitats en el desempeño de especies herbáceas en áreas de bosque maduro y secundario en la región semiárida de Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Ramos de Andrade ◽  
Kleber Andrade da Silva ◽  
Josiene Maria Fraga dos Santos ◽  
Danielle Melo dos Santos ◽  
Thiago Pereira Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Biological Group

<p>The conditions for plant establishment in mature forest are different from those found in disturbed areas. In dry environments, the herbaceous cover is the most important in the recolonization of deforested areas. It can, therefore, act as an ideal biological group for assessing how changes in habitat heterogeneity affect the resilience of dry forests. The aim of this research was to evaluate whether natural regeneration of the herbaceous stratum differed between areas of mature and secondary forest of Caatinga and to describe this process. The study took place in the Brazilian semiarid region during the rainy season 2011 (January to August), where fifty 1m² plots were set up, 25 allocated to the microhabitat established as “between canopies” and 25 to the microhabitat “under the canopy”. The herbaceous species selected for the study were <em>Delilia biflora</em> (Asteraceae), <em>Gomphrena vaga</em> (Amaranthaceae) and <em>Pseudabutilon spicatum</em> (Malvaceae), abundant species occurring in both areas. All individuals from the selected populations were counted, marked with sequential numbers, and the height of the stem was measured. Differences between areas, and in size and survival between microhabitats, were found only for the first two species. Fruit production was higher in the mature forest for the three species. The study concluded that: 1. The effect of the microhabitats “between canopies” and “under the canopy” in mature and secondary forest areas depends on the species considered; 2. Populations sensitive to light intensity differ in number of individuals, height and fruit production; and 3. The resilience of anthropogenic areas in semiarid environments can be characterized by the presence of spatial heterogeneity with regard to the emergence and survival of herbaceous seedlings, suggesting that the regeneration of disturbed areas may occur in patches. </p>

scholarly journals Reproductive phenology of Miconia mirabilis (Melastomataceae) within three distinct physiognomies of Atlantic Forest, Bahia, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaele de Souza Pessoa ◽  
Kristel Myriam De Vleeschouwer ◽  
Daniela Custódio Talora ◽  
Larissa Rocha ◽  
André Márcio Araújo Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Study Sites

Although Miconia mirabilis is a very common species in disturbed forest areas and is known for providing food resources for the local fauna, little is known about its reproductive phenology and other ecological aspects. The present study compares intra- and inter-annual patterns in the reproductive phenophases of that species in three distinct physiognomies of Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Bahia based on semi-quantitative observations conducted over a period of three years. We searched for possiblerelationships with climatic variables, differences among sites and synchrony. Both the flowering and fruiting strategies of M. mirabilis were classified as annual extended in all three study sites. We found no significant differences among years. Despite low seasonality of the regional climate, intensities of the different phenophases were negatively correlated with day length and temperature. In general, inter- and intra-population synchrony for flowering and fruiting was high (between 0.65 and 0.78), except for inundated forest, probably due to the stress caused by flooding. Given that Miconia mirabilis has the potential to be an important food resource for the local fauna due to the large quantities of flowers and fruits produced and their almost year-round availability, and its capacity for occupying impoverished areas, the species may be considered in restoration programs as a potentially interesting species capable of attracting frugivores to disturbed areas.

Seasonal Variation in Buried Germinable Seed Banks of Grass Species in an Urban Eucalypt Forest Reserve

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Odgers
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Exotic Grass ◽  
Germinable Seed

Grass species in the buried germinable seed banks of selected forest, mown and road-bank sites in the Mt Coot-tha Reserve, south-eastern Queensland were quantified for five consecutive seasons to determine seasonal patterns in the seed banks, and differences in seasonal patterns between native and exotic grass species, and between grasses in natural and disturbed forest areas. Ten types of seed banks were identified. While native and exotic species had similar seed banks most native grass species had transient seed banks whereas most exotic grass species had persistent seed banks.

Bat diversity in the Banpale forest, Pokhara, Nepal during spring season

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 18479-18489
Author(s):  
Prabhat Kiran Bhattarai ◽  
Basant Sharma ◽  
Anisha Neupane ◽  
Sunita Kunwar ◽  
Pratyush Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Bat Diversity ◽  
Forest Habitats

Bat research in Nepal is limited and most areas remain to be explored.  Sparse research has been conducted in the Banpale forest and to improve the understanding of bat diversity, an updated species checklist was prepared.  Trapping surveys using mist nets were conducted at four different locations in the forest from March to May 2018.  This survey identified 55 individuals belonging to eight species within eight genera and four families.  Trapping locations near less disturbed forest edges and water resources were found to have higher bat diversity compared to highly disturbed areas (e.g., landslides and logging areas).  With information from survey and secondary source, we conclude that Banpale forest harbours 10 of the 53 bat species found in Nepal.  We recommend adopting practices to conserve the forest from landslides and minimizing illegal logging to conserve bat forest habitats. 

Contrasting Diaspore and Vegetation Attributes of Grasses From Natural and Disturbed Habitats in an Urban Eucalypt Forest Reserve

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Odgers ◽  
RW Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Grass Species ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Mowing Regime ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

Forty one species of grasses from a eucalypt forest reserve near Brisbane, Australia, were allocated to groups characteristic of undisturbed forest, regularly mown areas, and road banks. Morphological attributes of diaspores, height and growth habit of mature plants, species origin, flowering times and life history were determined for each species. Species characteristic of the mown areas had lighter diaspores than the forest gasses and did not possess awns; if a callus was present it was blunt and did not have antrorse hairs. Species from mown areas also differed from the forest species in being mainly short stoloniferous exotics which flowered for longer than the forest species. Species characteristic of the natural forest and road bank areas had diaspores of similar mass, similar diaspores attributes (awns, callus and antrorse hairs) and species of both habitats were mainly tall and tufted. The road bank species differed from the forest species in being mainly of exotic origin and in flowering for up to 9 months per year longer than the forest species. That grass species of mown areas successfully compete with forest species in mown areas may be because of a mowing regime which selects for short, mainly stoloniferous, species which have longer periods of diaspore production than the forest species. As road banks are not subjected to regular mowing, an extended pattern of flowering which ensures a continuous supply of diaspores may account for road bank species successfully competing with forest species in disturbed areas.

Use of Roost Sites by Four Species of Bats in State Forest in South-Eastern Tasmania.

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Taylor ◽  
NM Savva
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Distance ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Eucalyptus Forest ◽  
Large Trees

Roosting requirements and movements between foraging areas and roost sites were studied in Eptesicus regulus, E. sagittula, Chalinolobus morio and Nyctophilus geoffroyi in an area of artificially regenerated eucalypt (Eucalyptus) forest surrounded by mature eucalypt forest. Movements between traps and roost sites were normally about 1 km, with the maximum distance recorded being 4.8 km for a female N. geoffroyi. Different species of eucalypts were used as roost sites in proportion to their occurrence in the forest. However, large trees over 80 cm d.b.h. were favoured. There was no tendency to avoid roost sites close to the ground. Spaces used as roost sites had one dimension little greater than the bat itself. Five types of roost sites were distinguished: in fissures, inside burnt-out boles, in hollows, under bark and on the ground. Individuals changed roost sites frequently but roosts used by any one individual were in the same general vicinity. The factors associated with production of roost sites in trees were: large size, overmaturity, death, rot and fire. No bats were found to roost in regenerated forest. Patches of mature forest will need to be retained to ensure a shortage of roosts does not occur as more areas of mature forest are converted to production forest.

Sturnira parvidens (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (992) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Giovani Hernández-Canchola ◽  
Livia León-Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
International Union ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
No Tail ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Pioneer Plants ◽  
Successional Stages

Abstract The little yellow-shouldered Mesoamerican bat, Sturnira parvidens Goldman, 1917, is a medium-sized yellow-shouldered bat with no tail, a vestigial uropatagium, and reddish or yellowish patches on the shoulders. It lives in tropical habitats associated with lower and mid-elevations from northern Costa Rica to Mexico, and it is one of 24 described species in the genus Sturnira. Although S. parvidens is more common in disturbed areas because it mainly feeds on pioneer plants, it uses day roosts located in mature forest or in areas with advanced successional stages. It is an abundant species and is listed as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

scholarly journals The impact of human forest disturbance on the endemic avifauna of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Fjeldså
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Avian Communities ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Impact

SummaryStudies of how avian communities are affected by human forest disturbance have given variable results. In order to focus conservation efforts we need comparative data for studying the relationship between community resilience and ecological predictability over much longer periods of time. This paper compares avian communities in mature forest and adjacent disturbed forest at a site in the Tanzania-Malawi Mountains which has probably had humid forest cover permanently since the Tertiary. At the same time the study presents a possible model design for such studies, which may be a suitable compromise between the needs for quantitative data and logistical constraints during exploratory visits to areas difficult of access. The method is highly time efficient as it is based on continuous recording of all birds during “random” walking through the forest. There were at least 70 species in disturbed, against 61–65 species in different kinds of adjacent mature forest, but with a marked loss of range-restricted species as we passed from mature to disturbed forest. Most seriously affected were birds of the shaded forest understorey, but also the larger insectivores of mixed canopy feeding parties declined. These species search for food in the masses of epiphytic lichens, mosses and ferns in mature forest canopies. Comments are given on the specific requirements of six species of conservation concern.

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