Abstract 5144: Extended-Release Niacin Reduces LDL-C Particle Number Even In The Absence Of Changes In Total LDL-C Levels

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haseeb Jafri ◽  
Jeffrey T Kuvin ◽  
Alawi A Alsheikh-Ali ◽  
Paula Mooney ◽  
Carey D Kimmelstiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Stable Cad

Introduction: The importance of the number of circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) particles, in addition to the total level of LDL-C is increasingly recognized. The effects of Extended Release Niacin (ERN) on LDL-C particle number have not been studied. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate ERN’s effects on LDL-C particle number. ERN’s effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) particle number was a secondary objective. Hypothesis : In patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and LDL-C at goal, the addition of ERN will favorably alter LDL-C particle number. Methods: 60 patients with stable CAD and well-controlled LDL-C levels were randomly assigned to 3 months of ERN (1g/d) or placebo in addition to their baseline medications. Particle number was analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at baseline and after 3 months. Results: Baseline and follow up lipid values are shown in Table . Compared to baseline, while ERN had no significant effect on total LDL-C levels, it significantly decreased the mean number of medium and small very small LDL-C particles (p=0.005). The percent change in each of these particle numbers was significantly greater in the ERN group compared to placebo as well (p<0.05 for each) ERN therapy raised HDL-C levels and also significantly shifted from small to large HDL-C particles (p<0.001). There were no significant changes in lipid values or particle numbers in the placebo-treated patients ( Table ). Conclusion: In patients with stable CAD and well-controlled LDL-C levels, ERN significantly reduced the number of circulating particles of the more atherogenic subtypes of LDL-C, despite having no effect on total LDL-C levels. ERN also favorably altered particle numbers of HDL-C. These findings suggest that ERN-induced alterations in particle number may contribute to its anti-atherosclerotic effects, and that these effects may not be evident from the standard lipid profile.

scholarly journals Assessing the Accuracy of Estimated Lipoprotein(a) Cholesterol and Lipoprotein(a)‐Free Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Zheng ◽  
Michael Chilazi ◽  
Jihwan Park ◽  
Vasanth Sathiyakumar ◽  
Leslie J. Donato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
C 50

Background Accurate measurement of the cholesterol within lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]‐C) and its contribution to low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) has important implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as in familial hypercholesterolemia. A method for estimating Lp(a)‐C from particle number using fixed conversion factors has been proposed (Lp[a]‐C from particle number divided by 2.4 for Lp(a) mass, multiplied by 30% for Lp[a]‐C). The accuracy of this method, which theoretically can isolate “Lp(a)‐free LDL‐C,” has not been validated. Methods and Results In 177 875 patients from the VLDbL (Very Large Database of Lipids), we compared estimated Lp(a)‐C and Lp(a)‐free LDL‐C with measured values and quantified absolute and percent error. We compared findings with an analogous data set from the Mayo Clinic Laboratory. Error in estimated Lp(a)‐C and Lp(a)‐free LDL‐C increased with higher Lp(a)‐C values. Median error for estimated Lp(a)‐C <10 mg/dL was −1.9 mg/dL (interquartile range, −4.0 to 0.2); this error increased linearly, overestimating by +30.8 mg/dL (interquartile range, 26.1–36.5) for estimated Lp(a)‐C ≥50 mg/dL. This error relationship persisted after stratification by overall high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol subtypes. Similar findings were observed in the Mayo cohort. Absolute error for Lp(a)‐free LDL‐C was +2.4 (interquartile range, −0.6 to 5.3) for Lp(a)‐C<10 mg/dL and −31.8 (interquartile range, −37.8 to −26.5) mg/dL for Lp(a)‐C≥50 mg/dL. Conclusions Lp(a)‐C estimations using fixed conversion factors overestimated Lp(a)‐C and subsequently underestimated Lp(a)‐free LDL‐C, especially at clinically relevant Lp(a) values. Application of inaccurate Lp(a)‐C estimations to correct LDL‐C may lead to undertreatment of high‐risk patients.

scholarly journals Thyroid Function and Lipid Subparticle Sizes in Patients with Short-Term Hypothyroidism and a Population-Based Cohort

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 888-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth N. Pearce ◽  
Peter W. F. Wilson ◽  
Qiong Yang ◽  
Ramachandran S. Vasan ◽  
Lewis E. Braverman
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Short Term

Abstract Context: Relations between thyroid function and lipids remain incompletely understood. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether lipoprotein subparticle concentrations are associated with thyroid status. Design and Setting: We conducted a prospective clinical study and cross-sectional cohort analysis at a university endocrine clinic and the Framingham Heart Study. Subjects: Subjects included 28 thyroidectomized patients with short-term overt hypothyroidism and 2944 Framingham Offspring cohort participants. Main Outcome Measures: Fasting subclass concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) particles were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. TSH values were also measured. Results: Total cholesterol and LDL-C were increased during short-term overt hypothyroidism. Large LDL subparticle concentrations increased during hypothyroidism (917 ± 294 vs. 491 ± 183 nmol/liter; P &lt; 0.001), but more atherogenic small LDL was unchanged. Triglycerides marginally increased during hypothyroidism, small VLDL particles significantly increased (P &lt; 0.001), whereas more atherogenic large VLDL was unchanged. Total HDL-C increased during hypothyroidism (76 ± 13 mg/dl vs. 58 ± 15 mg/dl; P &lt; 0.001). There was no change in large HDL-C particle concentrations, whereas small (P &lt; 0.001) and medium (P = 0.002) HDL-C particle concentrations decreased. Among Framingham women, adjusted total cholesterol and LDL-C were positively related to TSH categories (P ≤ 0.003). This was due to a positive correlation between adjusted large LDL subparticle concentrations and log-TSH (P &lt; 0.0001); log small LDL subparticle concentrations decreased slightly as log-TSH increased (P = 0.045). Among Framingham men, the only significant association was a positive association between log-TSH and log large HDL subparticle concentrations (P = 0.04). Conclusions: There is a shift toward less atherogenic large LDL, small VLDL, and large HDL subparticle sizes in hypothyroid women.

scholarly journals Interdependence of oxysterols with cholesterol profiles in multiple sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Kelly Fellows ◽  
Richard W Browne ◽  
Prachi Khare ◽  
Sandhya Krishnan Radhakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Particle Sizing ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Healthy Control

Purpose: To investigate levels of oxysterols in healthy control (HC) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and their interdependence with demographic, clinical characteristics, and cholesterol biomarkers. Methods: This study included 550 subjects (203 HC, 221 relapsing–remitting MS (RR-MS), 126 progressive MS (P-MS)). A complete lipid profile including total cholesterol (TC); high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C); low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL-C); apolipoproteins (Apo) A1, A2, B, and E; C-reactive protein (CRP); 24-hydroxycholesterol (HC); 25-HC; 27-HC; 7α-HC; and 7-ketocholesterol (KC) was obtained. Lipoprotein particle sizing by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H1 NMR) was available for 432 subjects. Results: The levels of 24-HC, 27-HC, and 7α-HC (all p < 0.015) were lower in MS compared to HC, and 7-KC was higher in P-MS compared to RR-MS ( p < 0.001). TC, LDL-C, and ApoB were associated with higher levels of all oxysterols (all p < 0.05) in HC. In MS, LDL-C was associated with higher levels of 24-HC, 25-HC, 7-KC, and 7α-HC (all p < 0.05), while TC and ApoB were associated with increased levels of all oxysterols (all p < 0.005). Conclusion: The findings of lower 24-HC, 27-HC, and 7α-HC in MS compared to HC and higher 7-KC in P-MS compared to RR-MS indicate that the oxysterol network is disrupted in MS.

scholarly journals High serum adiponectin is associated with favorable lipoprotein subclass profile in 6.4-year follow-up

2011 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauno Vanhala ◽  
Linda S Kumpula ◽  
Pasi Soininen ◽  
Antti J Kangas ◽  
Mika Ala-Korpela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lipoprotein Subclass ◽  
Lipoprotein Particle

ObjectiveAdiponectin is linked to a favorable lipoprotein profile, but potential longitudinal associations are not known.DesignA population-based follow-up study of all inhabitants born in 1942, 1947, 1952, and 1957 (n=1294) in Pieksämäki, a town in Finland. Of the 690 subjects participating in both the check-ups, 228 subjects with diabetes or any medication for dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, or diabetes were excluded. The final study population consisted of 462 (182 men and 280 women) apparently healthy subjects.MethodsMain outcome measures were lipoprotein particle sizes and concentrations, apolipoprotein A-1 (APOA1) and APOB levels at baseline and follow-up across baseline adiponectin tertiles. Serum adiponectin concentrations were determined using an enzyme immunoassay, and lipoprotein subclasses using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.ResultsAt the second health check-up 6.4 years later, the very low-density lipoprotein particle concentration decreased across the baseline adiponectin tertiles in men from 1.04 (0.28) to 0.91 (0.29) nmol/l (P for linearity=0.011) and in women from 0.92 (0.32) to 0.80 (0.24) nmol/l (P=0.002). Correspondingly, the mean high-density lipoprotein particle size increased from 9.78 to 9.90 nm in men (P<0.006) and from 10.00 to 10.14 nm in women (P<0.001).ConclusionThe favorable links between adiponectin and lipoproteins are detectable 6.4 years later.

scholarly journals Clinical implications of discordance between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and particle number

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Otvos ◽  
Samia Mora ◽  
Irina Shalaurova ◽  
Philip Greenland ◽  
Rachel H. Mackey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Number ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

scholarly journals Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol versus Particle Number in Middle School Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Mietus-Snyder ◽  
Kimberly L. Drews ◽  
James D. Otvos ◽  
Steven M. Willi ◽  
Gary D. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Middle School Children ◽  
Versus Particle
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