Abstract MP047: Abdominal Skeletal Muscle Density is Significantly Associated With Selected Measures of Adiposity Associated Inflammation: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Van Hollebeke ◽  
Mary Cushman ◽  
Matthew A Allison
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Muscle Groups

Background: Excess adiposity is associated with higher levels of certain inflammatory markers that have been linked to cardiometabolic disease. Lean skeletal muscle is the largest regulator of glucose metabolism but few population-based studies have examined the associations between muscle and inflammation. Therefore, we studied the relationships between abdominal muscle mass [area] and density with selected measures of adiposity-associated inflammation. Methods: Nearly 2,000 subjects enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis underwent computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and had venous fasting blood drawn concomitantly. The CT scans were interrogated for visceral and subcutaneous fat, as well as lean muscle areas and densities in the rectus abdominus, obliques, paraspinus and psoas muscle groups. We then categorized the muscle in locomotion (psoas) and stabilization groups (rectus, obliques and paraspinus). The blood samples were assayed for interleukin-6, resistin, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor - alpha. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the independent associations between muscle area and density with each of the aforementioned adipokines. Results: The mean age was 64.7 years and 49% were female. Forty percent were non-Hispanic White, 26% were Hispanic/ Latino American, 21% were African American, 13% were Chinese American. The mean BMI was 28.0 kg/m 2 and 30% were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m 2 ). With adjustment for age, gender, race, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, eGFR, coronary artery calcium, physical activity, sedentary behavior, selected adipokines and both subcutaneous and visceral fat, a 1-SD increment in the mean densities for total abdominal muscle, total stabilization muscle and total locomotive muscle were each significantly associated with lower levels of interleukin-6 (-15%, -15% and -9%, p < 0.01 for all) and resistin (-0.11, -0.11 and -0.07 ng/mL, p < 0.02 for all), but not CRP or TNF-alpha. These associations remained significant after additional adjustment for muscle area in the corresponding muscle group. Conversely, the areas of the muscle variables were not independently associated with any of the adipokines, especially after adjustment for muscle density. There were no significant interactions between ethnicity and both muscle area and density for any of the adipokines. Conclusions: Higher densities of several muscle groups in the abdomen are significantly associated with lower interleukin-6 and resistin levels, independent of the muscle area in these groups. Techniques that either enhance or maintain muscle density levels may reduce the risk of cardiometabolic diseases linked to adverse levels of inflammation.

Abstract P106: Stabilization Muscles Drive Associations Between Lipoproteins And Total Abdominal Muscle And Intermuscular Adipose Tissue In The Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Marron ◽  
Matthew Allison ◽  
Britta A Larsen ◽  
Joachim H Ix ◽  
Alexis C Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lipoprotein Subclass ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Groups

Introduction: Quality and quantity of skeletal muscle decrease with age, largely due to adipose tissue infiltration, and are important determinants of metabolic health. To inform efforts to slow aging-related decline in muscle mass and prevent myosteatosis, a better understanding of the biological determinants of muscle atrophy and quality is needed. We used targeted lipidomics to identify, with a greater specificity, lipoproteins associated with muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) area (quantity) and density (quality) of the total abdominal, locomotion, and stabilization muscles in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: Lower density lipoproteins will be positively associated with muscle and IMAT quantity, but negatively associated with quality. Methods: At visit one, 105 serum lipoproteins were measured by Bruker lipoprotein subclass analysis with 1 H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Muscle and IMAT area (cm 2 ) and density (Hounsfield units) were estimated 2.6 years, on average, after visit 1 for the total abdominal, locomotion (psoas), and stabilization (paraspinal, oblique, and rectus abdominis) muscles from computed-tomography scans at the L4/L5 spinal junction. We identified lipoproteins associated with body composition using linear regression adjusting for age, gender, race, diet, physical activity, lipid-lowering medication, and multiple comparisons using a 1% false discovery rate. Results: Participants (N=947) were 44-84 years old (mean: 63), 51% men, 40% White, 16% Black, 16% Chinese American, and 27% Hispanic American. Among 105 lipoproteins, 24 were associated with total muscle area, whereas none were associated with muscle density. When examining specific muscle groups, 25 lipoproteins were associated with stabilization muscle area, driven by the oblique muscles. As for total IMAT area, there were 27 associations with lipoproteins. Specifically, 27 lipoproteins were associated with stabilization muscle IMAT area, driven by oblique and rectus abdominis muscles. Last, 39 lipoproteins were associated with total IMAT density, with 28 and 33 associated with locomotion and stabilization (driven by obliques) IMAT density, respectively. Higher VLDL: cholesterols, free cholesterols, phospholipids, and triglycerides and lower HDL: cholesterols and free cholesterols were associated with higher muscle area and IMAT area, but lower IMAT density (

Abstract 12: Skeletal Muscle Density, Not Size, is Beneficially Associated With Incident Coronary Heart Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Unkart ◽  
John Bellettiere ◽  
Britta A Larsen ◽  
Michael H Criqui ◽  
Chantal A Vella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Chd Risk Factors

Introduction: Fat infiltration into muscle reduces muscle density and increases the risk for metabolic dysfunction, mobility disability and mortality. We assessed abdominal muscle density and muscle area in relation to incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events. Methods: Adults (mean age 64.6 ± 9.6) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis body composition ancillary study had computed tomography (CT)-derived measures of muscle density, muscle area and visceral fat at the L2-L4 spinal column levels between 2002-05 and were followed for incident events. Using sex-stratified Cox proportional hazards regression, associations of muscle density and muscle area (in the same model) with CHD events were assessed using restricted cubic splines with adjustment for confounders including visceral adiposity and BMI. Results: After 10.3±2.9 years of follow up, 924 males had 70 CHD (7.6%) events and 945 females had 44 CHD (4.7%) events. Muscle density was higher in males (44.5±4.9 HU) than females (40.1±5.2 HU), as was muscle area (116.7±23.9 vs. 80.4±23.9 cm 2 , respectively). Among males, and in mutually adjusted models, each incremental SD of muscle density was inversely associated with CHD (HR=0.67; 95%CI=0.49-0.92), while each SD of muscle area was associated with higher risk of CHD (HR=1.75; 95%CI=1.34-2.28; Figure). Overall patterns were similar but less strong among females for density (HR=0.79; 95%CI=0.50-1.22) and area (HR=1.17; 95%CI=0.79-1.73). Conclusions: Greater muscle density is associated with lower CHD risk, while greater muscle size is associated with increased CHD risk. These associations were independent of traditional CHD risk factors and measures of visceral and total body adiposity. Quantity and quality of skeletal muscle may represent distinct aspects of aging and physical functioning that are important in heart health.

scholarly journals Associations of Sedentary Behavior and Abdominal Muscle Density: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 827-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal A. Vella ◽  
Erin D. Michos ◽  
Dorothy D. Sears ◽  
Mary Cushman ◽  
Rachel B. Van Hollebeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Ethnic Study

Background: Sedentary behaviors (SB) may exacerbate loss of muscle mass and function, independent of physical activity levels. This study examined the associations of SB with abdominal muscle area and density, a marker of muscle quality, in adults. Methods: A total of 1895 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis completed detailed health history, physical activity and SB questionnaires, computed tomography to quantify body composition, and measurements of inflammatory markers. Analyses included linear and nonlinear regression. Results: The mean age and body mass index were 64.6 years and 28 kg·m−2, respectively, and 50% were women. On average, participants engaged in 28 metabolic equivalent hours·week−1 of SB. With adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, physical activity, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and inflammation, multivariable regression modeling revealed a nonlinear (quadratic) relationship between SB and locomotor, stability, and total abdominal muscle density (P < .01) but not muscle area. The SB inflection point at which locomotor, stability, and total abdominal muscle density began to decrease was 38.2, 39.6, and 39.2 metabolic equivalent hours·week−1 of SB, respectively. Conclusions: SB is associated with reduced muscle density when practiced as little as 5.5 metabolic equivalent hours·day−1. These findings may have important implications for SB guidelines for targeting skeletal muscle health in older adults.

Abstract P070: Longer Sleep Duration Is Associated With Less Myosteatosis In African Caribbean Adults

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianna I Acevedo-Fontanez ◽  
Ryan Cvejkus ◽  
Allison L Kuipers ◽  
Joseph Zmuda ◽  
Victor Wheeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Subjective Data ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
African Caribbean

Introduction: Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the human body and vital to maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Increased skeletal muscle fat infiltration (i.e. myosteatosis) is now recognized as a major risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases, independent of general obesity. Modifications in lifestyle, such as sleep, to reduce myosteatosis would be of great public health importance. However, studies of this relationship often use subjective data and are lacking in minority populations. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between objectively measured sleep duration and myosteatosis at the calf among African Caribbeans. Methods: Data were collected on men (n=393) and women (n=438) from the Tobago Health Study. Sleep duration and physical activity was collected using a SenseWear Pro Armband (BodyMedia, Inc.). Participants were instructed to wear the armband at all times, except in water, for 4-7 days. Measures of muscle density, intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), and area were obtained by peripheral QCT scans of the calf (Stratec XCT-2000). Model covariates included age, sex, BMI, diabetes, alcohol intake, smoking, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Linear regression was used to assess the relationship of sleep duration on skeletal muscle. Results: Mean sleep duration was 5.5 hours/day (Min 2.2, Max 11.6). Overall, participants were aged 58.7 years, had a BMI of 30.2 kg/m 2 , spent an average of 42 min/day in MVPA, and 18% were diabetic. In fully adjusted models, longer sleep duration was associated with smaller muscle area, but greater muscle density and less IMAT (all P<0.03). There was no interaction of sleep and sex on muscle density, area and IMAT (p-value=0.5184; 0.2730; 0.0954). Conclusions: In African Caribbean men and women, longer sleep duration was associated with less myosteatosis, as well as, less muscle area at the calf. Further research is warranted to understand this relationship longitudinally in order to determine how it may inform lifestyle guidelines in the Caribbean.

P0701LONG-TERM RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATION STUDY TO EVALUATE EFFECTS OF ADIPONECTIN ON SKELETAL MUSCLE IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Adachi ◽  
Keiji Fujimoto ◽  
Yu Kagaya ◽  
Syo Kumano ◽  
Ai Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
High Molecular Weight Adiponectin ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and Aims Although it is reported that chronic kidney disease participates some roles in progression of sarcopenia, mechanisms of the progression of sarcopenia are unclear so far. In this observational study, we focused on serum adiponectin levels, that is a marker of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and skeletal muscle mass in patients with kidney transplantation. Method Fifty-one patients who underwent renal transplantation at our hospital in and after 1998 (31 males and 20 females; aged 29-52 years at the time of transplantation) were retrospectively examined the relationships between the psoas muscle index (PMI), intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC), serum adiponectin fractions (high-/low-molecular-weight), and new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT). Results Age at kidney transplantation negatively correlated with PMI before transplantation and positively correlated with IMAC before transplantation (rS=-0.427, p&lt;0.01; rS=0.501, p&lt;0.01, respectively). Both in one and five years after transplantation, PMI was higher than before transplantation (p&lt;0.01). In contrast, IMAC transiently decreased one year after kidney transplantation, but subsequently recovered five years after kidney transplantation. Multivariate analyses identified that the mean increases of high-molecular-weight adiponectin concentrations was exacerbating factor for the mean change in PMI (p=0.003). Moreover, the mean increases of PMI and IMAC were exacerbating factors for the newly development of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus. Conclusion PMI increased associated with high-molecular-weight adiponectin levels after renal transplantation. In addition, PMI increased suppressed the development of NODAT.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Intermuscular Fat and Physical Performance Is Moderated by Muscle Area in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Samaneh Farsijani ◽  
Adam J Santanasto ◽  
Iva Miljkovic ◽  
Robert M Boudreau ◽  
Bret H Goodpaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Age-related deposition of fat in skeletal muscle is associated with functional limitations. Skeletal muscle fat may be present in people with preserved muscle mass or accompanied by muscle wasting. However, it is not clear if the association between muscle fat deposition and physical performance is moderated by muscle mass. Objective To determine whether the association between midthigh intermuscular fat and physical performance is moderated by muscle area. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Health, Aging, and, Body Composition (ABC) study data collected in 2002–2003 (n = 1897, women: 52.2%). Midthigh muscle cross-sectional area (by computed tomography) and physical performance measures were compared across quartiles of intermuscular fat absolute area. Moderation analysis was performed to determine the conditional effect of intermuscular fat on physical performance as a function of muscle area. Conditional effects were evaluated at three levels of muscle area (mean and ± 1 standard deviation [SD]; 213.2 ± 53.2 cm2). Results Simple slope analysis showed that the negative association between intermuscular fat area (cm2) and leg strength (N·m) was of greater magnitude (beta coefficient [b], 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.288 [−0.427, −0.148]) in participants with greater muscle area (ie, 1 SD above the mean) compared to those with lower muscle area (ie, at mean [b = −0.12 {−0.248, 0.008}] or 1 SD below the mean [b = 0.048 {−0.122, 0.217}]). Similarly, the negative association of intermuscular fat with 400-m walk speed (m/s) and chair stand (seconds) was greater in those with higher muscle areas (p &lt; .001) compared to those with lower muscle areas. Conclusions The association between higher intermuscular fat area and impaired physical function in aging is moderated by muscle area.

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle area and density are associated with lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal A. Vella ◽  
Megan C. Nelson ◽  
Jonathan T. Unkart ◽  
Iva Miljkovic ◽  
Matthew A. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Area

scholarly journals Psoas muscle area is not representative of total skeletal muscle area in the assessment of sarcopenia in ovarian cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris J.G. Rutten ◽  
Jorne Ubachs ◽  
Roy F.P.M. Kruitwagen ◽  
Regina G.H. Beets-Tan ◽  
Steven W.M. Olde Damink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Area

scholarly journals Psoas Muscle Volume as an Opportunistic Diagnostic Tool to Assess Sarcopenia in Patients with Hip Fractures: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1338
Author(s):  
Sang-Pil So ◽  
Bum-Sik Lee ◽  
Ji-Wan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether the psoas volume measured from a pelvic computed tomography (CT) could be a potential opportunistic diagnostic tool to measure muscle mass and sarcopenia in patients with hip fractures. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. In total; 57 consecutive patients diagnosed with hip fractures who underwent surgery were enrolled. A cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle was measured at the lumbar (L) 3 and L4 vertebrae from a pelvic CT for the diagnosis of hip fractures. The psoas muscle volume was calculated with a three-dimensional modeling software program. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and preoperative handgrip strength (HS) were measured. The correlations between the psoas muscle volume/area and ASM/HS were assessed. Data on patient demographics; postoperative complication; length of hospital stay; and Koval scores were also recorded and analyzed with respect to the psoas muscle area/volume. Results: The psoas muscle volume and adjusted values were significantly correlated with ASM; which showed a stronger correlation than the psoas muscle area did at the L3 or L4 level. HS was correlated with the psoas volume or adjusted values; but not with the cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle. Among the adjusted values; the psoas muscle volume adjusted for the patient’s height (m2) showed a strongest correlation with ASM and HS. The psoas muscle volume was not significantly correlated with postoperative complications or short-term functional outcomes. Conclusions: The psoas muscle volume measured from a pelvic CT for the diagnosis of hip fractures showed a stronger correlation with ASM and HS than the cross-sectional area did. Therefore; the psoas muscle volume could be a potential diagnostic tool to assess the quantity of the skeletal muscle in patients with hip fractures without an additional examination.

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