Abstract P106: Stabilization Muscles Drive Associations Between Lipoproteins And Total Abdominal Muscle And Intermuscular Adipose Tissue In The Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Marron ◽  
Matthew Allison ◽  
Britta A Larsen ◽  
Joachim H Ix ◽  
Alexis C Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lipoprotein Subclass ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Groups

Introduction: Quality and quantity of skeletal muscle decrease with age, largely due to adipose tissue infiltration, and are important determinants of metabolic health. To inform efforts to slow aging-related decline in muscle mass and prevent myosteatosis, a better understanding of the biological determinants of muscle atrophy and quality is needed. We used targeted lipidomics to identify, with a greater specificity, lipoproteins associated with muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) area (quantity) and density (quality) of the total abdominal, locomotion, and stabilization muscles in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: Lower density lipoproteins will be positively associated with muscle and IMAT quantity, but negatively associated with quality. Methods: At visit one, 105 serum lipoproteins were measured by Bruker lipoprotein subclass analysis with 1 H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Muscle and IMAT area (cm 2 ) and density (Hounsfield units) were estimated 2.6 years, on average, after visit 1 for the total abdominal, locomotion (psoas), and stabilization (paraspinal, oblique, and rectus abdominis) muscles from computed-tomography scans at the L4/L5 spinal junction. We identified lipoproteins associated with body composition using linear regression adjusting for age, gender, race, diet, physical activity, lipid-lowering medication, and multiple comparisons using a 1% false discovery rate. Results: Participants (N=947) were 44-84 years old (mean: 63), 51% men, 40% White, 16% Black, 16% Chinese American, and 27% Hispanic American. Among 105 lipoproteins, 24 were associated with total muscle area, whereas none were associated with muscle density. When examining specific muscle groups, 25 lipoproteins were associated with stabilization muscle area, driven by the oblique muscles. As for total IMAT area, there were 27 associations with lipoproteins. Specifically, 27 lipoproteins were associated with stabilization muscle IMAT area, driven by oblique and rectus abdominis muscles. Last, 39 lipoproteins were associated with total IMAT density, with 28 and 33 associated with locomotion and stabilization (driven by obliques) IMAT density, respectively. Higher VLDL: cholesterols, free cholesterols, phospholipids, and triglycerides and lower HDL: cholesterols and free cholesterols were associated with higher muscle area and IMAT area, but lower IMAT density (

Abstract MP047: Abdominal Skeletal Muscle Density is Significantly Associated With Selected Measures of Adiposity Associated Inflammation: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Van Hollebeke ◽  
Mary Cushman ◽  
Matthew A Allison
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Muscle Groups

Background: Excess adiposity is associated with higher levels of certain inflammatory markers that have been linked to cardiometabolic disease. Lean skeletal muscle is the largest regulator of glucose metabolism but few population-based studies have examined the associations between muscle and inflammation. Therefore, we studied the relationships between abdominal muscle mass [area] and density with selected measures of adiposity-associated inflammation. Methods: Nearly 2,000 subjects enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis underwent computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and had venous fasting blood drawn concomitantly. The CT scans were interrogated for visceral and subcutaneous fat, as well as lean muscle areas and densities in the rectus abdominus, obliques, paraspinus and psoas muscle groups. We then categorized the muscle in locomotion (psoas) and stabilization groups (rectus, obliques and paraspinus). The blood samples were assayed for interleukin-6, resistin, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor - alpha. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the independent associations between muscle area and density with each of the aforementioned adipokines. Results: The mean age was 64.7 years and 49% were female. Forty percent were non-Hispanic White, 26% were Hispanic/ Latino American, 21% were African American, 13% were Chinese American. The mean BMI was 28.0 kg/m 2 and 30% were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m 2 ). With adjustment for age, gender, race, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, eGFR, coronary artery calcium, physical activity, sedentary behavior, selected adipokines and both subcutaneous and visceral fat, a 1-SD increment in the mean densities for total abdominal muscle, total stabilization muscle and total locomotive muscle were each significantly associated with lower levels of interleukin-6 (-15%, -15% and -9%, p < 0.01 for all) and resistin (-0.11, -0.11 and -0.07 ng/mL, p < 0.02 for all), but not CRP or TNF-alpha. These associations remained significant after additional adjustment for muscle area in the corresponding muscle group. Conversely, the areas of the muscle variables were not independently associated with any of the adipokines, especially after adjustment for muscle density. There were no significant interactions between ethnicity and both muscle area and density for any of the adipokines. Conclusions: Higher densities of several muscle groups in the abdomen are significantly associated with lower interleukin-6 and resistin levels, independent of the muscle area in these groups. Techniques that either enhance or maintain muscle density levels may reduce the risk of cardiometabolic diseases linked to adverse levels of inflammation.

scholarly journals Associations Between Lipoprotein Subfractions and Area and Density of Abdominal Muscle and Intermuscular Adipose Tissue: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Marron ◽  
Matthew Allison ◽  
Alka M. Kanaya ◽  
Britta Larsen ◽  
Alexis C. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Unesterified Cholesterol ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Lipoprotein Subfractions ◽  
Fat Infiltration ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Total Muscle

Skeletal muscle quantity and quality decrease with older age, which is partly attributed to ectopic fat infiltration and has negative metabolic consequences. To inform efforts to preserve skeletal muscle with aging, a better understanding of biologic correlates of quantity and quality of muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is needed. We used targeted lipidomics of lipoprotein subfractions among 947 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants to provide a detailed metabolic characterization of area and density of abdominal muscle and IMAT. Serum lipoprotein subfractions were measured at the first visit using 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Muscle and IMAT area (cm2) and density (Hounsfield units) were estimated at visit 2 or 3 using computed tomography of the total abdominal, locomotion (psoas), and stabilization (paraspinal, oblique, rectus abdominis) muscles. We identified lipoprotein subfractions associated with body composition using linear regression adjusting for demographics, lifestyle, and multiple comparisons. Among 105 lipoprotein subfractions, 24 were associated with total muscle area (absolute standardized regression coefficient range: 0.07–0.10, p-values ≤ 0.002), whereas none were associated with total muscle density. When examining muscle subgroups, 25 lipoprotein subfractions were associated with stabilization muscle area, with associations strongest among the obliques. For total IMAT area, there were 27 significant associations with lipoprotein subfractions (absolute standardized regression coefficient range: 0.09–0.13, p-values ≤ 0.002). Specifically, 27 lipoprotein subfractions were associated with stabilization IMAT area, with associations strongest among the oblique and rectus abdominis muscles. For total IMAT density, there were 39 significant associations with lipoprotein subfractions (absolute standardized regression coefficient range: 0.10–0.19, p-values ≤ 0.003). Specifically, 28 and 33 lipoprotein subfractions were associated with IMAT density of locomotion and stabilization (statistically driven by obliques) muscles, respectively. Higher VLDL (cholesterol, unesterified cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B) and lower HDL (cholesterol and unesterified cholesterol) were associated with higher muscle area, higher IMAT area, and lower IMAT density. Several associations between lipoprotein subfractions and abdominal muscle area and IMAT area and density were strongest among the stabilization muscles, particularly the obliques, illustrating the importance of examining muscle groups separately. Future work is needed to determine whether the observed associations indicate a lipoprotein profile contributing to worse skeletal muscle with fat infiltration.

scholarly journals SUN-571 The Associations Between p,p’-DDE Levels and Serum Levels of Lipoproteins and Their Subclasses in an Elderly Population Determined by Lipidomics Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliann Amela Jugan ◽  
P Monica Lind ◽  
Samira Salihovic ◽  
Jordan Stubleski ◽  
Anna Kärrman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Density

Abstract Low biodegradability and high lipophilicity of p,p’-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a metabolite of the insecticide DDT, leads to transport with lipids and accumulation in adipose tissue. This persistence allows for DDE to effect adipose tissue and lipid metabolism. A few small human studies have shown an association between DDE and blood lipids, although with some inconsistent conclusions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between DDE exposure and altered levels of circulating lipids in a large human cohort. To evaluate the associations between DDE and human lipid profiles, plasma was collected from a subset of elderly Swedes in the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature of Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) cohort who were free from lipid lowering medication (n = 571). DDE concentrations in plasma were measured using high-throughput solid phase extraction and gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Lipidomic analysis of plasma was performed with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Linear models of lipids and DDE were statistically adjusted for sex and body mass index. Detectable levels of DDE were found in the plasma samples of all subjects. With elevated DDE levels, the comprehensive lipoprotein profile showed an elevation in total concentration of all diameters of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) (p&lt;0.001), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (p&lt;0.008), intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) (p&lt;0.02), and in small high density lipoprotein (HDL) (p&lt;0.05). Triglycerides and DDE were associated to varying degrees in lipoproteins (IDL &gt; VLDL &gt; LDL &gt; HDL) and within total serum (p&lt;0.005). DDE levels were positively associated with cholesterol and cholesterol ester levels only in VLDL and LDL (p&lt;0.05) and with apolipoprotein B (p&lt;0.0009). The positive associations observed between each lipoprotein class and elevated DDE support previous data suggesting that DDE interacts with lipoproteins within plasma. We speculate that both physio-chemical and biological mechanisms may explain why DDE does not uniformly associate with lipids across lipoproteins.

scholarly journals Intermuscular adipose tissue and thigh muscle area dynamics during an 18-month randomized weight loss trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Yaskolka Meir ◽  
Ilan Shelef ◽  
Dan Schwarzfuchs ◽  
Yftach Gepner ◽  
Lilac Tene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fat Depots

It remains unclear whether intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) has any metabolic influence or whether it is merely a marker of abnormalities, as well as what are the effects of specific lifestyle strategies for weight loss on the dynamics of both IMAT and thigh muscle area (TMA). We followed the trajectory of IMAT and TMA during 18-mo lifestyle intervention among 278 sedentary participants with abdominal obesity, using magnetic resonance imaging. We measured the resting metabolic rate (RMR) by an indirect calorimeter. Among 273 eligible participants (47.8 ± 9.3 yr of age), the mean IMAT was 9.6 ± 4.6 cm2. Baseline IMAT levels were directly correlated with waist circumference, abdominal subdepots, C-reactive protein, and leptin and inversely correlated with baseline TMA and creatinine ( P < 0.05 for all). After 18 mo (86.3% adherence), both IMAT (−1.6%) and TMA (−3.3%) significantly decreased ( P < 0.01 vs. baseline). The changes in both IMAT and TMA were similar across the lifestyle intervention groups and directly corresponded with moderate weight loss ( P < 0.001). IMAT change did not remain independently associated with decreased abdominal subdepots or improved cardiometabolic parameters after adjustments for age, sex, and 18-mo weight loss. In similar models, 18-mo TMA loss remained associated with decreased RMR, decreased activity, and with increased fasting glucose levels and IMAT ( P < 0.05 for all). Unlike other fat depots, IMAT may not represent a unique or specific adipose tissue, instead largely reflecting body weight change per se. Moderate weight loss induced a significant decrease in thigh muscle area, suggesting the importance of resistance training to accompany weight loss programs.

Association of Abdominal Muscle Area and Density with Glucose Regulation: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Gold ◽  
Jonathan T. Unkart ◽  
Britta A. Larsen ◽  
Candice A. Price ◽  
Mallory Cless ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Ethnic Study

scholarly journals Association Between Muscle Quality Measured by Abdominal Computed Tomography and Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jung Lee ◽  
Hong-Kyu Kim ◽  
Eun Hee Kim ◽  
Sung Jin Bae ◽  
Kyung Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: Low muscle mass was known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, only few studies investigated the association between muscle quality and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Thus, we evaluated whether muscle quality measured by abdominal computed tomography is associated with the risk of coronary artery calcification. Approach and Results: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 4068 subjects without cardiovascular disease who underwent abdominal and coronary computed tomography between 2012 and 2013 during health examinations. The cross-sectional area of the skeletal muscle was measured at the L3 level (total abdominal muscle area, total abdominal muscle area) and segmented into normal attenuation muscle area, low attenuation muscle area, and intramuscular adipose tissue. We calculated the normal attenuation muscle area/total abdominal muscle area index, of which a higher value reflected a higher proportion of good quality muscle (normal attenuation muscle area) and a lower proportion of myosteatosis (low attenuation muscle area and intramuscular adipose tissue). In women, as the normal attenuation muscle area/total abdominal muscle area quartiles increased, the odds ratios (95% CIs) for significant coronary artery calcification (>100) consistently decreased (0.44 [0.24–0.80], 0.39 [0.19–0.81], 0.34 [0.12–0.98]; P =0.003) after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors including visceral fat area and insulin resistance. In men, the odds ratios in the Q2 group were significantly lower than those in the Q1, but the association was attenuated in Q3–4 after adjustment. Conclusions: A higher proportion of good quality muscle was strongly associated with a lower prevalence of significant coronary artery calcification after adjustment, especially in women. Poor skeletal muscle quality may be an important risk factor for subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals THE GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE ANALOGUE, TESAMORELIN, DECREASES MUSCLE FAT AND INCREASES MUSCLE AREA IN ADULTS WITH HIV

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Adrian ◽  
A. Scherzinger ◽  
A. Sanyal ◽  
J.E. Lake ◽  
J. Falutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Hounsfield Units ◽  
Hormone Analogue ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background: Tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue, decreases visceral adipose tissue in people living with HIV, however, the effects on skeletal muscle fat and area are unknown. Objectives: The goals of this exploratory secondary analysis were to determine the effects of tesamorelin on muscle quality (density) and quantity (area). Design: Secondary, exploratory analysis of two previously completed randomized (2:1), clinical trials. Setting: U.S. and Canadian sites. Participants: People living with HIV and with abdominal obesity. Tesamorelin participants were restricted to responders (visceral adipose tissue decrease ≥8%).Intervention: Tesamorelin or placebo. Measurements: Computed tomography scans (at L4-L5) were used to quantify total and lean density (Hounsfield Units, HU) and area (centimeters2) of four trunk muscle groups using a semi-automatic segmentation image analysis program. Differences between muscle area and density before and after 26 weeks of tesamorelin or placebo treatment were compared and linear regression models were adjusted for baseline and treatment arm. Results: Tesamorelin responders (n=193) and placebo (n=148) participants with available images were similar at baseline; most were Caucasian (83%) and male (87%). In models adjusted for baseline differences and treatment arm, tesamorelin was associated with significantly greater increases in density of four truncal muscle groups (coefficient 1.56-4.86 Hounsfield units; all p<0.005), and the lean anterolateral/abdominal and rectus muscles (1.39 and 1.78 Hounsfield units; both p<0.005) compared to placebo. Significant increases were also seen in total area of the rectus and psoas muscles (0.44 and 0.46 centimeters2; p<0.005), and in the lean muscle area of all four truncal muscle groups (0.64-1.08 centimeters2; p<0.005). Conclusions: Among those with clinically significant decrease in visceral adipose tissue on treatment, tesamorelin was effective in increasing skeletal muscle area and density. Long term effectiveness of tesamorelin among people with and without HIV, and the impact of these changes in daily life should be further studied.

scholarly journals Associations of abdominal muscle area and density with coronary artery calcium volume and density: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis

Metabolism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 154230
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Crawford ◽  
Michael H. Criqui ◽  
Nketi Forbang ◽  
Jonathan T. Unkart ◽  
Matthew A. Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Ethnic Study

scholarly journals Investigation of the Relationship between the Mid_Thigh Adipose Tissue Distribution Measured by MRI and Serum Osteocalcin—A Sex-Based Approach

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Eva Hassler ◽  
Gunter Almer ◽  
Gernot Reishofer ◽  
Hannes Deutschmann ◽  
Wilfried Renner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Serum Osteocalcin ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Panel

Osteocalcin, in its non-carboxylated form, has a positive effect on glucose metabolism. Additionally, osteocalcin levels are related to body composition, especially muscle mass. The relation to the distribution of different adipose tissue types, such as subcutaneous, intermuscular, and visceral adipose tissue, is unclear. This study aimed to investigate associations between serum osteocalcin and the distribution of subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissue of the mid-thigh. Furthermore, the influence of different training methods on osteocalcin levels was investigated. We performed adipose tissue quantification of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) using MRI measurements of the mid-thigh in 128 volunteers (63 male/65 female). Laboratory analysis included blood lipid panel, serum insulin, adiponectin, and osteocalcin measurements. The main observation was a significant correlation of total serum osteocalcin (TOC) and the distribution of adipose tissue of the mid-thigh (SAT/(SAT + IMAT)) (cc = −0.29/p-value = 0.002), as well as the cross-sectional muscle area (MA), increasing with the weekly resistance training duration in males. Additionally, TOC (p-value = 0.01) and MA (p-value = 0.03) were negatively related to serum insulin. The significant relationship between TOC and SAT/(SAT + IMAT) is a new finding and confirms the negative influence of IMAT on glucose metabolism in a sex-specific approach. We could substantiate this by the negative relation of TOC with serum insulin.

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