Abstract 17043: Predictors of Length of Stay Following Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation

Background: Catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a safe and effective management strategy for symptomatic AF. Traditionally, patients are observed overnight following CA, but recent data has suggested same day discharge may be feasible with low risk of complications. However, little data is available to predict length-of-stay (LOS) in AF patients undergoing CA. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective analysis of 200 consecutive patients undergoing CA at a tertiary care academic center from July 2017 through June 2018. Baseline demographic data, echocardiographic data, procedural characteristics and postprocedural outcomes were collected through chart review. Multivariate linear regression modeling was used to identify factors associated with increased LOS (LOS > 1 day). Results: Among 200 patients, 11.5% (23) of patients had LOS > 1 day (Group B) while the rest were discharged after overnight stay (Group A). The mean ages were similar in Groups A and B (64.8 years and 64.9 years respectively, p = 0.98). The mean LOS was 1.44 ± 1.83 days. Higher proportions of hypertension (p = 0.02), diabetes (p = 0.1), baseline loop diuretic use (p < 0.001), EF < 50% (p < 0.001), increased LA diameter (p = 0.01), longer procedure time (p = 0.03), and recurrent AF following CA (p < 0.001) were noted in Group B patients (Table 1). A multivariate linear regression model demonstrated that procedure time (p = 0.02) and LA diameter (p = 0.04) were positively associated with increased LOS. Conclusion: Identifying risk factors for increased LOS in patients undergoing CA of AF may guide appropriate patient selection for same day discharge. Table 1. Comparison of patients with overnight observation (Group A) and LOS > 1 day (Group B) following AF ablation.

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The Impact of Left Atrial Size in Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Using Remote Magnetic Navigation

Cardiology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2018/3096261 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Xiao-yu Liu ◽

Hai-feng Shi ◽

Jie Zheng ◽

Ku-lin Li ◽

Xiao-xi Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Catheter Ablation ◽

Left Atrial ◽

Magnetic Navigation ◽

Remote Magnetic Navigation ◽

X Ray ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

The Impact

Objective. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of left atrial (LA) size for the ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) using remote magnetic navigation (RMN). Methods. A total of 165 patients with AF who underwent catheter ablation using RMN were included. The patients were divided into two groups based on LA diameter. Eighty-three patients had small LA (diameter <40 mm; Group A), and 82 patients had a large LA (diameter ≥40 mm; Group B). Results. During mapping and ablation, X-ray time (37.0 (99.0) s vs. 12 (30.1) s, P<0.001) and X-ray dose (1.4 (2.7) gy·cm2 vs. 0.7 (2.1) gy·cm2, P=0.013) were significantly higher in Group A. No serious complications occurred in any of the patients. There was no statistical difference in the rate of first anatomical attempt of pulmonary vein isolation between the two groups (71.1% vs. 57.3%, P=0.065). However, compared with Group B, the rate of sinus rhythm was higher (77.1% vs. 58.5%, P<0.001) during the follow-up period. More patients in Group A required a sheath adjustment (47/83 vs. 21/82, P<0.001), presumably due to less magnets positioned outside of the sheath. In vitro experiments with the RMN catheter demonstrated that only one magnet exposed created the sheath affects which influenced the flexibility of the catheter. Conclusions. AF ablation using RMN is safe and effective in both small and large LA patients. Patients with small LA may pose a greater difficulty when using RMN which may be attributed to the fewer magnets beyond the sheath. As a result, the exposure of radiation was increased. This study found that having at least two magnets of the catheter positioned outside of the sheath can ensure an appropriate flexibility of the catheter.

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Abstract 17296: Arrhythmia Recurrence and Subsequent Heart Failure Hospitalization in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation: A Landmark Analysis From the Kansai Plus Atrial Fibrillation (KPAF) Registry

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.17296 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Nobuaki Tanaka ◽

KOICHI INOUE ◽

Atsushi Kobori ◽

Kazuaki Kaitani ◽

Takeshi Morimoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Catheter Ablation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Multicenter Observational Study ◽

History Of ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Af Recurrence

Background: Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of death in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of AF is effective for maintaining sinus rhythm though its impact on heart failure still remains controversial. Purpose: We sought to elucidate whether AF recurrence following RFCA was associated with subsequent HF hospitalizations. Methods: We conducted a large-scale, prospective, multicenter, observational study. A total of 4931 consecutive patients who underwent an initial RFCA for AF with longer than 1-year of follow-up in 26 centers were enrolled (average age, 64±10 years; non-paroxysmal AF, 35.7%). The median follow-up duration was 2.9 years. The primary endpoint was an HF hospitalization more than 1-year after the index RFCA. We compared the patients without AF recurrences (group A) to those with AF recurrences within 1-year post RFCA (group B). Results: The 1-year cumulative incidence of AF recurrences after a single procedure was 30.7% (group A=3418, group B=1513 patients). Group B had a lower body mass index (group A vs. group B,24.1±3.6 vs. 23.8±3.4 kg/m 2 , p=0.014), longer history of AF (1.9 vs. 3.1 years, p<0.0001), higher prevalence of non-paroxysmal AF (32.1% vs. 33.9%, p<0.0001), and valvular heart disease (5.9% vs. 7.8%, p=0.013). They also had a lower ejection fraction (63.7±9.4% vs. 62.8±9.6%, p=0.0043) and larger left atrial dimeter (39.7±6.6 vs. 40.6±7.0 mm, p<0.0001) on echocardiography. Hospitalizations for HF were observed in 57 patients (1.14%) more than 1-year after the RFCA and were significantly higher in group B than group A (group A vs. group B, 0.91% vs 1.72%, log-rank p=0.019). Conclusions: Among AF patients receiving RFCA, those with AF recurrences were at a greater risk of subsequent heart failure hospitalizations than those without AF recurrences. Recognition that AF recurrence following RFCA is a risk factor for a subsequent HF-related hospitalization is appropriate in clinical practice.

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The role of intracardiac echocardiography in reducing radiation exposure during atrial fibrillation ablation

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu-2888 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ioan-Alexandru Minciuna ◽

Mihai Puiu ◽

Gabriel Cismaru ◽

Radu Roșu ◽

Raluca Tomoaia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Catheter Ablation ◽

Learning Curve ◽

Radiation Exposure ◽

Intracardiac Echocardiography ◽

Procedure Time ◽

Af Ablation ◽

Total Procedure Time ◽

The Mean

Aims: Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is a relatively young technique used during complex electrophysiology proce-dures, such as atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of ICE modifies the radia-tion exposure at the beginning of the learning curve in AF ablation. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, 52 patients, in which catheter ablation for paroxysmal or persistent AF was performed, were included. For 26 patients we used ICE guidance together with fluoroscopy, whereas for the remaining 26 patients we used fluoroscopy alone, all supported by electroanatomical mapping. We compared total procedure time and radiation exposure, including fluoroscopy dose and time between the two groups and along the learning curve. Results: Most of the patients included were suffering from paroxysmal AF (40, 76%), pulmonary vein isolation being performed in all patients, without secondary ablation sites. The use of ICE was associated with a lower fluoroscopy dose (11839.60±6100.6 vs. 16260.43±8264.5 mGy, p=0.041) and time (28.00±12.5 vs. 42.93±12.7 minutes, p=0.001), whereas the mean procedure time was similar between the two groups (181.54±50.3 vs 197.31±49.8 minutes, p=0.348). Radiation exposure was lower in the last 9 months compared to the first 9 months of the study (p<0.01), decreasing gradually along the learning curve. Conclusions: The use of ICE lowers radiation exposure in AF catheter ablation from the beginning of the learning curve, without any difference in terms of acute safety or efficacy. Aware-ness towards closest to zero radiation exposure during electrophysiology procedures should increase in order to achieve better protection for both patient and medical staff.

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P962Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation in combination with a linear lesion at the left atrial roof for catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (8.5-year follow-up)

EP Europace ◽

10.1093/europace/euaa162.089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

C Kettering

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Catheter Ablation ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Pulmonary Vein ◽

Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Pulmonary Vein Ablation ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Background Catheter ablation has become the first line of therapy in patients with symptomatic, recurrent, drug-refractory atrial fibrillation. Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation is still the standard approach in these patients. However, the results are not very favourable and more complex ablation strategies are the subject of current controversy. Therefore, we have evaluated the effect of an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium on the long-term outcome. Methods A total of 220 patients (114 men, 106 women; mean age 69 years (SD ± 14 years)) with symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation underwent a circumferential pulmonary vein ablation procedure in combination with an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium (group A). After discharge, patients were scheduled for repeated visits at the arrhythmia clinic at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 and 102 months after the ablation procedure. The long-term follow-up data was compared to 220 patients who underwent circumferential pulmonary vein ablation without an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium (group B). Results The ablation procedure could be performed as planned in all patients. Fifty-one out of 220 patients (23.2 %) in group A and 53 out of 220 patients (24.1 %) in group B experienced an arrhythmia recurrence within the first 3 months after ablation requiring an electrical cardioversion. At 102-month follow-up, analysis of a 168-hour ECG recording revealed no evidence for an arrhythmia recurrence in 125/220 patients (56.8 %) in group A and in 103/220 patients (46.8 %) in group B. In 66/220 patients (30.0 %) in group A and 59/220 patients (26.8 %) in group B, only short episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were documented. In 29 patients (13.2 %) in group A, a recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation (> 48 hours) was revealed by the long-term recordings (group B: 58 patients (26.4 %)). The lower arrhythmia recurrence rate in group A was partially due to a lower incidence of atypical atrial flutter after catheter ablation. The rate of repeat ablation procedures was significantly lower in group A than in group B. There were no major complications. Conclusions Catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation comprising a circumferential pulmonary vein ablation and an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium provides more favourable results than circumferential pulmonary vein ablation alone. The effect is more pronounced during long-term than during short-term follow-up.

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Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients under 45 years of age. Longterm outcome

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

S Calero Nunez ◽

V.M Hidalgo-Olivares ◽

M Cubells-Pastor ◽

A Prieto-Lobato ◽

S Gil-Gomez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Young Adults ◽

Catheter Ablation ◽

Young Patients ◽

Older Population ◽

Af Ablation ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Introduction Young patients (p) with atrial fibrillation (AF) tend to be more symptomatic and more reluctant to take long-term antiarrhythmic drugs. However, AF ablation (especially when persistent) is often used as second-line treatment regardless of age. Purpose The aim is to compare clinical outcome and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in young adults in comparison to older adults. Secondary endpoints were to compare the influence of other comorbidities in AF ablation outcomes. Methods From 2012–2019, consecutive patients (mean age 56±9,4 years; 72,8% men) with symptomatic paroxysmal AF (PAF 68,8%) and persistent (Pers) AF (31,2%) underwent PVI through radiofrequency (91%) or cryoballoon (9%) at our centre. Two groups were defined (group A ≤45 years, group B >45 years). Follow-up was based on outpatient visits including 24h Holter-ECG at 3, 6 and, 12 months post ablation, and every 12 months thereafter. Results A total of 202 patients undergoing AF ablation were included (group A: 35, 17,3%; group B: 167, 82,7%). Male gender (91,4 vs 68,9%, p=0,006) and smoking (37,1% vs 13,2%, p=0,001) were significantly more often present in group A. HTA (50,9% vs 22,9%, p=0,002) and CHA2DS2-VASc score (1,3±1 vs 0,4±0,6; p=0,01) were higher in the older population group. Median follow-up was 29±18 months. After 12 months AF recurrence were less common in group A: 1-year arrhythmia-free survival was 88,6% (31/35) vs 73,7% (123/167) in the older group [P 0.049]. However, outcomes at the end of follow up were similar between the two groups, the freedom from AF was 57.1% (20/35) in young patients vs 65,3% (109/167) in older group, p=0,42. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that left atrial volume was a predictor of being freedom from AF recurrent [HR 0,96 (95% IC 0,95–0,99), p=0.003]. Major complications occurred more frequently in older patients, although without reaching statistical significance (4.8% (8) vs 2.9% (1); p=0.61), in the young there was only one complication that was pulmonary vein stenosis. Redo AF ablation rate was comparable between the two groups. Conclusion(s) Catheter ablation of AF in young adults is associated with higher 1-year success rates but similar long-term outcomes. The young patients tended to have lower rates of complications in comparison to the older population. These findings suggest that it may be appropriate to consider ablative therapy as first-line therapy in this age group, but further study may be needed to confirm this FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1 Table 1

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Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation with or without a linear lesion at the left atrial roof for catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (9-year follow-up)

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0568 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

K Kettering

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Catheter Ablation ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Pulmonary Vein ◽

Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Pulmonary Vein Ablation ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Background Catheter ablation has become the first line of therapy in patients with symptomatic, recurrent, drug-refractory atrial fibrillation. Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation is still the standard approach in these patients. However, the results are not very favourable and more complex ablation strategies are the subject of current controversy. Therefore, we have evaluated the effect of an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium on the long-term outcome. Methods A total of 240 patients (125 men, 115 women; mean age 70 years (SD ± 15 years)) with symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation underwent a circumferential pulmonary vein ablation procedure in combination with an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium (group A). After discharge, patients were scheduled for repeated visits at the arrhythmia clinic at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 102 and 108 months after the ablation procedure. The long-term follow-up data was compared to 240 patients who underwent circumferential pulmonary vein ablation without an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium (group B). Results The ablation procedure could be performed as planned in all patients. Fifty-five out of 240 patients (22.9%) in group A and 58 out of 240 patients (24.2%) in group B experienced an arrhythmia recurrence within the first 3 months after ablation requiring an electrical cardioversion. At 108-month follow-up, analysis of a 168-hour ECG recording revealed no evidence for an arrhythmia recurrence in 135/240 patients (56.3%) in group A and in 111/220 patients (46.3%) in group B. In 73/240 patients (30.4%) in group A and 66/240 patients (27.5%) in group B, only short episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were documented. In 32 patients (13.3%) in group A, a recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation (>48 hours) was revealed by the long-term recordings (group B: 63 patients (26.2%)). The lower arrhythmia recurrence rate in group A was partially due to a lower incidence of atypical atrial flutter after catheter ablation. The rate of repeat ablation procedures was significantly lower in group A than in group B. There were no major complications. Conclusions Catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation comprising a circumferential pulmonary vein ablation and an additional linear lesion at the roof of the left atrium provides more favourable results than circumferential pulmonary vein ablation alone. The effect is more pronounced during long-term than during short-term follow-up. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i04.22 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 519-522

Author(s):

Jeyakumar S ◽

Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽

T.S. Muthukumar

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Frozen Shoulder ◽

Type I ◽

Mean Values ◽

Functional Activities ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

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Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

Ibrahim Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 74-77

Author(s):

Rukshana Ahmed ◽

Shamim Ara

Keyword(s):

Prostate Gland ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Age Related ◽

Group A ◽

Key Words Prostate ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

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Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v33i1.49824 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Mohsena Akhter ◽

Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽

Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽

Mahfuza Akhter ◽

Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Close Contact ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Common Skin ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

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Evaluating of oral and salivary conditions of two specific groups of workers

RSBO ◽

10.21726/rsbo.v12i1.173 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Eduardo Pizzatto ◽

Nicolae Carvalho de Paula ◽

Carolina Dea Bruzamolin ◽

Paulo H. Tomazinho ◽

Luciane Variani Pizzatto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Microbiota ◽

Tooth Decay ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Industrial Countries ◽

Group A ◽

Dmft Index ◽

Saliva Collection ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B ◽

Lactobacillus Spp

Introduction and Objective: Tooth decay is one of the most common chronic oral diseases found in industrial countries and is a multifactorial disease which has sugar as a key dietary factor. The amount of saliva concentration and presence of cariogenic bacteria will favor the development of caries. Because of this, the aim of this study was to collect and analyze data on oral alterations referred to tooth decay, oral pH changes, and changes of the oral microbiota in two distinct groups of workers. Material and methods: 30 individuals belonging to two different groups of workers: group A (GA) – workers who maintain daily contact with the confectionery; group B (GB) – workers who do not have such contact. Saliva collection was done by analysis of the salivary pH in both groups, as well as cultivation of Lactobacillus spp and S. mutans. We also evaluate the dental status of individuals belonging to the two groups through the DMFT index. Results: After the examinations of 30 workers (17 from the GA [9 men and 8 women] and 13 in the GB [7 men and 6 women]), the mean DMFT of the individuals in the group A and group B, was 7.41 (SD 5.14) 7.08 (SD 5.56), respectively, without statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The count of S. mutans and Lactobacillus spp, was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between presence of dental caries and the fact that workers are in contact with sugar because they work on candy food industry, but new studies are needed for more precise research.

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