Abstract P061: Dairy Consumption, Dairy Fat Biomarkers And Type 2 Diabetes Risk After Myocardial Infarction

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G. Jacobo Cejudo ◽  
Esther Cruijsen ◽  
Christiane Heuser ◽  
Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu ◽  
Trudy Voortman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Dairy Fat ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Odd Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Almost All

Introduction: Dairy consumption, especially yogurt, and circulating biomarkers of dairy fat (odd chain fatty acids, OCFAs), have been associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in population-based studies. Whether these associations are also present in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients is unknown. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that dairy consumption and circulating OCFAs (pentadecanoic [15:0] plus heptadecanoic acid [17:0]) may be inversely associated with incident T2D after MI. Methods: We included 3347 Dutch post-MI patients from the Alpha Omega Cohort, who were initially free of T2D. At baseline (2002-2006), dairy consumption was estimated with a 203-item food frequency questionnaire and plasma OCFAs were measured in cholesteryl esters using gas chromatography. Incident T2D was ascertained through self-reported physician diagnosis and medication use. Multivariable Cox models were used to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident T2D and dairy types and OCFAs (per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment). Results: At baseline, patients were on average 68.9 years old (± 5.5 SD), 80% were men and 87% used statins (2684 and 2908 of 3347 patients respectively). During a median follow-up time of 40 months (10,550 person-years), 181 patients developed T2D. Almost all patients consumed dairy (3300 of 3347), with a median intake of 273 g/d for total dairy. After multivariable adjustment, dairy and its subtypes consumption was not associated with T2D incidence, with HRs ranging from 1.01 to 1.07 per 1-SD increment (all p> 0.05). When analysed in categories (highest vs lowest intake), HRs (95% CI) were 1.05 (0.73-1.52) for milk and 1.08 (0.77-1.51) for yoghurt intake. In line with these findings, no significant association was found for circulating OCFAs 0.97 (0.83-1.12)( Figure 1 ). Conclusion: Dairy consumption, based on self-report and plasma biomarkers, was neutrally associated with T2D incidence in a population of Dutch post-MI patients with a relatively high habitual dairy intake.

scholarly journals Dairy Consumption and 3-Year Risk of Type 2 Diabetes after Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Analysis in the Alpha Omega Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3146
Author(s):  
Maria G. Jacobo Cejudo ◽  
Esther Cruijsen ◽  
Christiane Heuser ◽  
Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu ◽  
Trudy Voortman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Alpha Omega ◽  
Physician Diagnosis

Population-based studies suggest a role for dairy, especially yogurt, in the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether dairy affects T2D risk after myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown. We examined associations of (types of) dairy with T2D incidence in drug-treated, post-MI patients from the Alpha Omega Cohort. The analysis included 3401 patients (80% men) aged 60–80 y who were free of T2D at baseline (2002–2006). Dairy intakes were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Incident T2D was ascertained through self-reported physician diagnosis and/or medication use. Multivariable Cox models were used to calculate Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for T2D with dairy intake in categories and per 1-standard deviation (SD) increment. Most patients consumed dairy, and median intakes were 264 g/d for total dairy, 82 g/d for milk and 41 g/d for yogurt. During 40 months of follow-up (10,714 person-years), 186 patients developed T2D. After adjustment for confounders, including diet, HRs per 1-SD were 1.06 (95% CI 0.91–1.22) for total dairy, 1.02 (0.88–1.18) for milk and 1.04 (0.90–1.20) for yogurt. Associations were also absent for other dairy types and in dairy categories (all p-trend > 0.05). Our findings suggest no major role for dairy consumption in T2D prevention after MI.

scholarly journals Understanding the interrelationships of type-2 diabetes and hypertension with brain and cognitive health: a UK Biobank study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Newby ◽  
Victoria Garfield
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Reasoning Task ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
The Uk

Aims/hypothesis: Diabetes and hypertension are associated with poorer cognitive and brain health. Less is known about comorbid diabetes and hypertension and: cognitive and brain health in mid-life. We hypothesised that individuals with both diabetes and hypertension have worse cognitive and brain health. Methods: Data from the UK Biobank, a population-based study which recruited 500,000 individuals, aged 40-69 years. Type-2 diabetes was assigned using self-report, HbA1c and clinical data, while hypertension was defined based on self-report. Our outcomes included a breadth of brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters and cognitive function tests in a maximum of 38918 individuals. We tested associations between comorbid diabetes/hypertension (reference category, n=1283) and our outcomes by comparing this group with those with only diabetes (n=760), hypertension (n=9649) and neither disease (n=27226). Our analytical approach comprised linear regression models, with adjustment for a range of demographic and health factors. Results: Those with diabetes had worse overall brain health, as indexed by multiple neuroimaging parameters, with the exception of gFA (white matter integrity) and the amygdala. The largest difference was observed in the pallidum (β=0.179, 95%CI=0.137;0.220). Individuals with diabetes had poorer performance on certain cognitive tests, with the largest difference observed in the symbol digit substitution test (β=0.132, 95%CI=0.079;0.187). Compared to individuals with comorbid diabetes and hypertension, those with only hypertension had better brain health overall, with the largest difference observed in the pallidum (β=0.189, 95%CI=0.241;0.137), while those with only diabetes differed in total grey volume (β=0.150, 95%CI=0.122;0.179). Compared with individuals who had comorbid diabetes and hypertension, those with only diabetes performed distinctly better on the verbal and numeric reasoning task (β=0.129, 95%CI=0.077;0.261), whereas those with only hypertension performed better on the symbol digit substitution task (β=0.117, 95%CI=0.048;0.186) Conclusions/interpretation: Individuals with comorbid diabetes and hypertension have worse brain and cognitive health compared to those with only one of these diseases. These findings potentially suggest that prevention of both diabetes and hypertension may delay changes in brain structure, as well as cognitive decline and dementia diagnosis.

scholarly journals IGF-I gene promoter polymorphism is a predictor of survival after myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes

2006 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 751-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Yazdanpanah ◽  
Fakhredin A Sayed-Tabatabaei ◽  
Joop A M J L Janssen ◽  
Ingrid Rietveld ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Genetically Determined

Objective: Previously we observed that non-carriers of the most common alleles of an IGF-I promoter polymorphism have low circulating IGF-I levels and an increased risk of developing myocardial infarction (MI), particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes. Design: We investigated whether this IGF-I promoter polymorphism is associated with survival of type 2 diabetes in a Caucasian population aged 55 years and older. Methods: The study was embedded in the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort study. At baseline, 668 patients with type 2 diabetes were diagnosed, among which, 55 incident MI were ascertained during follow-up. For the present study, we used two genotype groups: non-variant carriers (homozygous for 192, 194, or 192/194 bp genotypes), and variant carriers. Results: During a median follow-up of 8.8 years, 396 out of the 668 patients with type 2 diabetes (59.3%) died of various causes. The frequency of type 2 diabetes variant carrier and non-variant carriers was 28.7 and 71.3% respectively. The survival in patients with type 2 diabetes without an MI did not differ between the IGF-I genotype groups (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7–1.1, P = 0.1). In contrast, in those who developed an MI, variant carriers had a 2.4 times higher risk of mortality than non-variant carriers (95% CI: 1.2–4.8, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Our study suggests that genetically determined low IGF-I activity is an important determinant of survival in patients with type 2 diabetes who developed an MI. The IGF-I promoter polymorphism, therefore, may help to predict the future mortality risk in this group of patients.

Abstract 11983: Oral Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes in Combination With Long-acting Insulin and the Risks of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James S Floyd ◽  
Kerri L Wiggins ◽  
Sascha Dublin ◽  
William T Longstreth ◽  
Nicholas L Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Unmeasured Confounder ◽  
Acting Insulin ◽  
Long Acting

Introduction/Hypothesis: The use of oral therapies in combination with insulin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes is common, but the cardiovascular risks or benefits are largely unknown. Among users of long-acting insulin, we conducted a population-based case-control study to evaluate the incident myocardial infarction (MI) and incident stroke risks associated with sulfonylurea and metformin use. We hypothesized that sulfonylurea use would be associated with elevated risk and metformin use with decreased risk. Methods: Cases were enrollees of Group Health Cooperative (GHC) with type 2 diabetes who used long-acting insulin at the time of diagnosis with a first MI (n=413) or first stroke (n=247) from 1995-2010. Controls (n=443) were randomly sampled GHC enrollees with type 2 diabetes who used long-acting insulin, matched to cases on age, sex, and calendar year. Sulfonylureas and metformin use was classified as current, past, or never using electronic pharmacy records. MI and stroke diagnoses and potential confounding variables were validated by medical record review. Analyses were adjusted for matching variables and cardiovascular risk factors, including smoking, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, and cholesterol. Results: Current use of sulfonylureas compared with never use was associated with a higher risk of MI (OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.10-2.55) but not stroke (OR 1.22; 95% CI, 0.74-2.00). Current use of metformin compared with never use was associated with a lower risk of stroke (OR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31-0.95) but not MI (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.44-1.33). Past use of sulfonylureas and past use of metformin were not associated with either outcome. Findings were robust to sensitivity analyses that tested assumptions about eligibility criteria and medication adherence. An unmeasured confounder associated with a 2-fold increased MI risk would have to be present in 70% more current users than never users of sulfonylureas to render the sulfonylurea-MI odds ratio null. Conclusions: The use of sulfonylureas in combination with long-acting insulin may increase the risk of MI compared with insulin alone. Our study adds to a growing body of evidence that metformin may be an effective cardiovascular disease prevention therapy, even when used with insulin.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Effect of Type 2 Diabetes on Major Cardiovascular Diseases: Results from a Population-Based Study in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ballotari ◽  
Francesco Venturelli ◽  
Marina Greci ◽  
Paolo Giorgi Rossi ◽  
Valeria Manicardi
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Poisson Model ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Rate Ratios

The aim of the study is to assess sex difference in association between type 2 diabetes and incidence of major cardiovascular events, that is, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure, using information retrieved by diabetes register. The inhabitants of Reggio Emilia (Italy) aged 30–84 were followed during 2012–2014. Incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariate Poisson model. The age- and sex-specific event rates were graphed. Subjects with type 2 diabetes had an excess risk compared to their counterparts without diabetes for all the three major cardiovascular events. The excess risk is similar in women and men for stroke (1.8 times) and heart failure (2.7 times), while for myocardial infarction, the excess risk in women is greater than the one observed in men (IRR 2.58, 95% CI 2.22–3.00 and IRR 1.78, 95% CI 1.60–2.00, resp.;Pof interaction<0.0001). Women had always a lesser risk than men, but in case of myocardial infarction, the women with type 2 diabetes lost part of advantage gained by women free of diabetes (IRR 0.61, 95% CI 0.53–0.72 and IRR 0.36, 95% CI 0.33–0.39, resp.). In women with type 2 diabetes, the risk of major cardiovascular events is anticipated by 20–30 years, while in men it is by 15–20.

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