Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Promoter Region of Tgf-β
            1
            Gene Distinguish African Americans from Caucasians: A Possible Genetic Basis for Racial Differences in Epidemiology of Hypertension and End Stage Renal Disease.

P135 Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β 1 ) excess is a candidate risk factor for hypertension and hypertensive complications including LVH, vascular remodeling and end stage renal disease (ESRD). We reported that hyperexpression of TGF-β 1 protein is more prevalent in African Americans (AA) compared with Caucasians (C), particularly AA with hypertension and/or ESRD. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported in the TGF-β 1 gene, and there is evidence for heritable control of TGF-β 1 protein levels. In this study we tested the hypothesis that TGF-β 1 SNPs distinguish AA from C. We determined the frequencies of all 6 known biallelic TGF-β 1 DNA polymorphisms in 793 subjects (AA=342 [normal: 77, hypertension: 66, ESRD: 199], C=451 [normal: 142, hypertension: 81, ESRD: 228]). SNPs as well as cis/trans combination of alleles (haplotypes) were identified by designing and using allele specific primers in an amplification refractory mutation system PCR . Our data demonstrate that SNPs at -800bp and -509bp and the haplotype frequencies (GC, GT, AC, AT) are significantly different between AA and C (Table). In conclusion, genetically determined differences in TGF-β 1 production may explain TGF-β 1 excess in AA as well as provide a molecular basis for the excess burden of hypertension and hypertensive complications in AA.

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Investigation of FADS Gene Cluster Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in End-Stage Renal Disease Compared With Normal Controls

Frontiers in Genetics ◽

10.3389/fgene.2021.716151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Amirhossein Miladipour ◽

Mahdi Gholipour ◽

Kasra Honarmand Tamizkar ◽

Atefe Abak ◽

Vahid Kholghi Oskooei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Renal Disease ◽

Gene Cluster ◽

End Stage Renal Disease ◽

Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a public health problem with a high burden. The condition is associated with abnormalities in lipid metabolism. The fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster includes three genes that are significantly correlated with a number of pathologic conditions related to abnormal lipid levels. In the current study, we genotyped rs174556, rs99780, and rs7115739 single nucleotide polymorphisms within the FADS cluster in a population of ESRD patients and healthy controls. The rs174556 of the FADS1 gene and rs99780 of the FADS2 gene were not associated with the risk of ESRD in any inheritance model. However, the rs7115739 of FADS3 was associated with the risk of ESRD in all models except for the recessive model. The T allele of this SNP was significantly less prevalent among cases compared with controls [odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) = 0.44 (0.25–0.77), P value = 0.004]. GT and TT genotypes has been shown to decrease the risk of ESRD in a codominant model [OR (95% CI) = 0.49 (0.26–0.92) and OR (95% CI) = 0.18 (0.02–1.6), respectively; P value = 0.019]. In the dominant model, GT + TT status was associated with lower risk of ESRD [OR (95% CI) = 0.45 (0.24–0.82), P value = 0.0078]. Assessment of association between this SNP and risk of ESRD in an overdominant model revealed that GT genotype decreases the risk of this condition [OR (95% CI) = 0.5 (0.27–0.94), P value = 0.029]. Taken together, the rs7115739 of FADS3 is suggested as a putative modulator of the risk of ESRD in the Iranian population.

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Racial Differences in Access to the Kidney Transplant Waiting List for Children and Adolescents With End-Stage Renal Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.106.4.756 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 106 (4) ◽

pp. 756-761 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

S. L. Furth ◽

P. P. Garg ◽

A. M. Neu ◽

W. Hwang ◽

B. A. Fivush ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Disease ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Kidney Transplant ◽

Racial Differences ◽

End Stage Renal Disease ◽

Waiting List ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

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Transforming growth factor-β1 hyperexpression in African American end-stage renal disease patients

Kidney International ◽

10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00858.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 639-644 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Manikkam Suthanthiran ◽

Ashwani Khanna ◽

David Cukran ◽

Rohini Adhikarla ◽

Vijay K. Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Renal Disease ◽

End Stage Renal Disease ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

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Marriage and End-Stage Renal Disease: Implications for African Americans

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x10365831 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 1230-1249

Author(s):

Emily F. Shortridge ◽

Cara V. James

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Renal Disease ◽

End Stage Renal Disease ◽

Well Being ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Dialysis Facilities ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage ◽

Esrd Patients

African Americans are disproportionately represented among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD is managed with a strict routine that might include regular dialysis as well as dietary, fluid intake, and other lifestyle changes. In a disease such as this, with such disruptive treatment modalities, marriage, specifically, and its ties to well-being have the potential to significantly affect adherence to medical treatment and lifestyle recommendations as well as downstream health outcomes such as disease progression and mortality. The authors used data from the Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Study, Wave 2, of the U.S. Renal Data System Database, a prospective study of 4,000 ESRD patients selected from a random sample of 25% U.S. dialysis facilities, to investigate these research questions. They found that married African American ESRD patients had marginally better outcomes on several clinical and psychosocial measures, which they hypothesize may be attributable to the instrumental and emotional support conferred by marriage.

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