Diastolic Function and Ambulatory Hypertension in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark M. Mitsnefes ◽  
Yunwen Xu ◽  
Derek K. Ng ◽  
Garick Hill ◽  
Thomas Kimball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Mitral Inflow ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Ventricular Compliance ◽  
Mitral Inflow Velocity ◽  
Left Ventricular Compliance

Diastolic dysfunction is one of the earliest cardiac abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease. We analyzed echocardiographic markers of left ventricular function from 786 children and adolescents (1658 person-visits) enrolled in the CKiD (Chronic Kidney Disease in Children) cohort, a large prospective observational study of children with chronic kidney disease. Primary outcome was early mitral inflow velocity-to-early mitral annular peak velocity (E/e′) ratio as a marker of left ventricular compliance. Abnormal diastolic function was defined as E/e′>8.0. Those with an abnormal E/e′ ratio were younger, had a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and hemoglobin, and a higher prevalence of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy compared to children with a normal E/e′. In adjusted analysis, a higher E/e′ ratio was independently associated with ambulatory (sustained) hypertension (1.66 [95% CI, 1.15–2.42]). Other significant independent predictors were higher left ventricular mass index Z score, increased body mass index Z score, lower hemoglobin, higher phosphorus level, and younger age. Casual blood pressure was not significantly associated with higher E/e′. These data indicate that ambulatory blood pressure might better identify children with chronic kidney disease at risk for subclinical cardiac dysfunction than clinic blood pressure alone.

scholarly journals The Copenhagen chronic kidney disease echo study (COInCYDE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Landler ◽  
S Bro ◽  
B Feldt-Rasmussen ◽  
D Hansen ◽  
A.L Kamper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract Background The cardiovascular mortality of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is 2–10 times higher than in the average population. Purpose To estimate the prevalence of abnormal cardiac function or structure across the stages CKD 1 to 5nonD. Method Prospective cohort study. Patients with CKD stage 1 to 5 not on dialysis, aged 30 to 75 (n=875) and age-/sex-matched controls (n=173) were enrolled consecutively. All participants underwent a health questionnaire, ECG, morphometric and blood pressure measurements. Blood and urine were analyzed. Echocardiography was performed. Left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy, dilatation, diastolic and systolic dysfunction were defined according to current ESC guidelines. Results 63% of participants were men. Mean age was 58 years (SD 12.6 years). Mean eGFR was 46.7 mL/min/1,73 m (SD 25.8) for patients and 82.3 mL/min/1,73 m (SD 13.4) for controls. The prevalence of elevated blood pressure at physical exam was 89% in patients vs. 53% in controls. Patients were more often smokers and obese. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was slightly, albeit insignificantly elevated at CKD stages 1 & 2 vs. in kontrols: 3.1 g/m2, CI: −0.4 to 6.75, p-value 0.08. There was no significant difference in LV-dilatation between patients and controls. Decreasing diastolic and systolic function was observed at CKD stage 3a and later: LVEF decreased 0.95% (CI: −1.5 to −0.2), GLS increased 0.5 (CI: 0.3 to 0.8), and OR for diastolic dysfunction increased 3.2 (CI 1.4 to 7.3) pr. increment CKD stage group. Conclusion In accordance to previous studies, we observe in the CPHCKD cohort study signs of early increase of LVMI in patients with CKD stage 1 & 2. Significant decline in systolic and diastolic cardiac function is apparent already at stage 3 CKD. Figure 1. Estimated GFR vs. GLS & histogram of GLS Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): The Capital Region of Denmark

scholarly journals Decreased Serum Levels of Klotho Protein in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Clinical Imortance

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Y. Milovanova ◽  
N. A. Mukhin ◽  
L. V. Kozlovskaya ◽  
Y. S. Milovanov ◽  
G. G. Kiyakbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Target Blood Pressure ◽  
Klotho Protein

Objective: to determine the role of serum Klotho (s-Klotho) protein levels changes in patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: The study involved 130 patients with CKD stages 1–5D (mean age ― 41±6.7 years). Serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus and s-Klotho protein (ELISA method) at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up were examined in all the patients so as the blood pressure (BP), including central (aortic), pulse wave velocity ― with the help of «Sphygmоcor» (Australia), echocardiography, radiography of the abdominal aorta in a lateral projection were also performed.Results: when comparing the s-Klotho levels in patients with different CKD stages, it was found that the level change associated with the reduction of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ahead of phosphorus and PTH increase in serum, stared at 3A CKD, whereas hyperphosphatemia and PTH increase started at 4–5 CKD stages. According to ROC analysis, decreasing of s-Klotho levels below 387 pg/ml was indicated a calcification risk of abdominal aorta increased with an 80% sensitivity and 75% specificity. In addition, a strong negative relationship of low s-Klotho levels and heart remodeling was found. When comparing the patients with hypertension who were receiving antihypertensive monotherapy, the highest serum levels of Klotho protein were observed in those of them whose target blood pressure level was achieved primarily through Angiotensin II Receptors Blockers (ARB), compared to those who was administered another drug group (p0.01) or has not reached the target blood pressure level (p=0,008).Conclusion: The change of serum Klotho levels (decrease) in CKD progression is associated with the degree (increase) of cardiovascular calcification and remodeling (the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, and cardiomyopathy) and it can be seen as an early independent marker of the cardiovascular system lesions in CKD. Our preliminary data of the effect of blood pressure correction on s-Klotho levels may indicate the possibility of drug maintaining serum Klotho levels and it requires further research.

Abstract 4351: Albuminuria is a Risk Factor for Adverse Events in Heart Failure Independent of the Presence of Chronic Kidney Disease

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adheesh Agnihotri ◽  
Kalkidan Bishu ◽  
James Arnold ◽  
Gary Gustafson ◽  
Inder S Anand
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio

Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a known risk factor for adverse events in patients with heart failure (HF). Whether albuminuria defined as urine albumin creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g with or without CKD is also a risk factor for adverse events, is unclear. Methods : Data was abstracted from the electronic medical records of 442 patients admitted to the Minneapolis VA Medical Center with a primary diagnosis of HF, and an outpatient measurement of albumin creatinine ratio between September 2002 and March 2006. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to determine the impact of albuminuria on mortality and hospitalizations for HF at 1-year. Results : Albuminuria was seen in 54% (238/442) patients at baseline. Patients with albuminuria were more likely to have edema, higher systolic blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, lower eGFR and use of beta-blockers (all p<0.05). Albuminuria correlated (p<0.05) with serum creatinine (rho=0.23), systolic blood pressure (0.37), and LVEF (0.13). The presence of albuminuria did not increase the risk of death (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.38 –1.11), but was strongly associated with the risk of hospitalization for HF at 1-year (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.11–2.82, p=0.017) independent of age, gender, h/o HTN, DM, CAD, PVD, COPD, CKD, atrial fibrillation, EF, use of ACE-I, spironolactone and beta-blocker. Conclusion : The presence of albuminuria is an independent prognostic marker for hospitalizations for heart failure.

Nocturnal Dipping and Left Ventricular Mass Index in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. CJN.09810721
Author(s):  
Christine Bakhoum ◽  
Ronit Katz ◽  
Joshua Samuels ◽  
Tala Al-Rousan ◽  
Susan Furth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
African American ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass Index ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Spline Regression ◽  
African American Race

Background and objectives: The physiological nocturnal blood pressure decline is often blunted in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the consequences of blood pressure non-dipping in children are largely unknown. Our objective was to determine risk factors for non-dipping and to investigate if non-dipping is associated with higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in children with CKD. Design, setting, participants, and measurements: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and echocardiographic data in participants of the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study. Multivariable linear and spline regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship of risk factors with dipping, and of dipping with LVMI. Results: Within 552 participants, mean age was 11 (± 4) years, mean eGFR was 53 (± 20) ml/min/1.73m2, and 41% were classified as non-dippers. In subjects with non-glomerular CKD, female sex and higher sodium intake were significantly associated with less systolic and diastolic dipping (p≤ 0.05). In those with glomerular CKD, African American race and greater proteinuria were significantly associated with less systolic and diastolic dipping (p≤ 0.05). Systolic and diastolic dipping were not significantly associated with LVMI; however, in spline regression plots, diastolic dipping appeared to have a non-linear relationship with LVMI. As compared to diastolic dipping of 20-25%, dipping of < 20% was associated with 1.41 g/m2.7 higher LVMI (95% CI -0.47, 3.29), and dipping of > 25% was associated with 1.98 g/m2.7 higher LVMI (95% CI -0.77, 4.73), though these relationships did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusion: African American race, female sex, and greater proteinuria and sodium intake were significantly associated with blunted dipping in children with CKD. We did not find a statistically significant association between dipping and LVMI.

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