Fishing and the Rural Economy Farmer-Fishermen and the Merrimack River 1800–1846

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-83
Author(s):  
Erik Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
Economic Landscape ◽  
Destructive Potential

During the early nineteenth century, rural New England communities consistently strove to manage river fisheries to ensure sustainable returns. While agriculture provided a strong foundation for the region's pre-industrial economy, this paper explores the place of rivers and fish within New England's socio-economic landscape and the ways in which locals sought to defend their way of life from the destructive potential of over-fishing and industrial dams.

THE NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT OF COST MANAGEMENT AMONG EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY U.S. TEXITLE MANUFACTURERS

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Textile Mills

Several authors have suggested that a particular managerial component was needed before cost accounting could be fully used for accountability and disciplinary purposes. They argue that the marriage of managerialism and accounting first occurred in the United States at the Springfield Armory after 1840. They generally downplay the quality and usefulness of cost accounting at the New England textile mills before that time and call for a re-examination of original mill records from a disciplinary perspective. This paper reports the results of such a re-examination. It initially describes the social and economic environment of U.S. textile manufacturing in New England in the early nineteenth century. Selected cost memos and reports are described and analyzed to indicate the nature and scope of costing undertaken at the mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, in the late 1820s and early 1830s. The paper discusses how particular cost information was used and speculates why certain more modern procedures were not adopted. Its major finding is that cost management practices fully measured up to the business complexities, economic pressures, and social forces of the day.

Transformation in homespun: Power and creativity in early nineteenth-century Hawaiian cloth manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kuaiwa
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
John Adams ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cloth Production ◽  
Hawaiian Kingdom ◽  
Do So

Between 1837 and 1840, governor and chief John Adams Kuakini engaged in cotton farming and cloth production, the first Hawaiian to ever do so. His success in running a cloth-making operation was not done alone, however, but with the guidance from New England Congregationalist missionaries who introduced homespun to Kuakini and hired foreigners and makaʻāinana men and women labourers. This article explores Kuakini’s motivations for investing in cloth-making through the lens of his chiefly power, with special attention to the ways in which Kuakini asserted dominance over those who challenged him and those he believed were subservient to him. I examine Kuakini’s motivations and foray into cloth-making, which differed greatly from Congregational Christian ideas about cloth-making, further demonstrating how Kuakini’s power in the early Hawaiian Kingdom extended over both native and foreign bodies.

Before Hinduism: Missionaries, Unitarians, and Hindoos in Nineteenth-Century America

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-295
Author(s):  
Michael J. Altman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
World Religion ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Missions ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
American Interest

AbstractAmerican interest in and knowledge of religion in India began before Americans imagined Hinduism as a coherent world religion. In the eighteenth and nineteenth century, Americans used a variety of terms to describe, represent, and imagine the religious culture of India: Gentoos, Hindoos, religion of the Hindoos, Hindoo religion, Brahmanism, heathenism, and paganism. Each term meant different things to different writers at different times. But there was no Hinduism, a world religion originating in India and comparable to others, in America prior to the late nineteenth century. Americans read and wrote about “Hindoos” and “Hindoo religion,” something altogether different from Hindus and Hinduism. This article analyzes two examples of American representations of Hindoo religion before Hinduism. First, it examines American missionary reports about “Hindoo heathenism” written by American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionaries and published in American missionary journals in the early nineteenth century. Second, it examines the Unitarian interest in Rammohun Roy and his growing popularity in New England during the 1820s and 1830s. Unitarian interest in Roy and ABCFM missionary reports exemplify the ways Protestant questions and interests shaped the American understanding of religions and the eventual construction of “world religions” such as Hinduism to suit American Protestant concerns.

scholarly journals A “Defect of Justice”: Congregationalism, the Calvinist Problem, and the Unitarian Solution in Sylvester Judd's Margaret

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Woods
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Religious Organization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Moral Improvement ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Village Society ◽  
Over Time

This article contributes to a small body of criticism concerning Sylvester Judd’s 1845 novel Margaret. Largely described as a “Transcendentalist” novel that critiques the Calvinist theology prevalent in late-eighteenth-early-nineteenth century New England village society, I argue for an interpretation of the novel that is concerned the interaction between Calvinism and the Congregationalist model of social and religious organization over time. Rather than just exposing the negative social ramifications Calvinist doctrines like total depravity can have on New England society, I assert that the novel exposes the limitations in Puritan Congregationalist ideals espoused by early figures such as John Winthrop through the example of Livingston. The new Unitarian-congregationalist model Livingston adopts in discarding Calvinism suggests Judd’s resolute faith in Winthrop’s original Congregationalist mission. Judd does not imagine a radical Utopia, but instead offers a more pragmatic reform that is fundamentally Unitarian in its emphasis on humanity's essential goodness and limitless capacity for moral improvement.

Inconvertible Paper Money, Inflation and Economic Performance in Early Nineteenth Century Argentina

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA ALEJANDRA IRIGOIN
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Basic Feature ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Paper Money ◽  
Paper Currency ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
The Impact

To date, factor endowments or comparative advantages in the international economy, have been at the centre of explanations for the economic performance of Argentina in the nineteenth century. Historians have focused on the increasing volume of rural exports and the availability of land on the frontier. Yet, the contemporary fiscal and monetary events have been ignored. From the 1820s to the 1860s, the state was mainly financed by issues of inconvertible paper currency. Hence, depreciation and high volatility of the means of payment became a basic feature of the Buenos Aires economy. This article will reassess the expansion of the rural economy in the light of the impact of inflationary finances.

A Nineteenth-Century New England Exegete Abroad: Adoniram Judson and the Burmese Bible

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-339
Author(s):  
John deJong
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Theological Seminary ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Subject

AbstractAdoniram Judson’s life and work have long been the subject of popular and scholarly interest, but the intellectual and exegetical background for his Burmese Bible translation has not been closely studied. This background was the biblical studies movement in New England, which began in the early nineteenth century and flourished before declining and eventually disappearing by about 1870. The opposing New England orthodox Calvinist and liberal Unitarian schools were equally involved in the movement. Judson was an early product of Andover Theological Seminary, the center for orthodox Calvinism in New England. From 1816 to 1840 Judson translated the Bible into Burmese and his references to the scholarly works he used, along with the text-critical and interpretive decisions in his Bible translation, identify him as an ongoing participant in the New England biblical studies movement. This scholarly background helps us understand interpretive decisions in the Judson Bible, which is still the main Burmese version used by Protestants in Myanmar.

The Growth of Manufacturing in Early Nineteenth-Century New England

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brooke Zevin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
New England ◽  
Industrial Output ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Specific Hypothesis ◽  
American Economy

My thesis examines the process of industrialization in nineteenthcentury New England before the Civil War. I have attempted to achieve three principal objectives: first, the purely descriptive task of beginning to fill our present vacuum of detailed information on the American economy before 1840; second, to test the specific hypothesis that New England and perhaps other American regions would exhibit concentrated spurts of industrial output similar to those which characterized the emergence of modern economies in nineteenth-century Europe; third, to construct an explanation of the forces which determined the particular course of development which was observed.

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