Calling site selection by male Boana punctata (Anura: Hylidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kleber S. Martins ◽  
Zaida Ortega ◽  
Vanda L. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Resource Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Amphibian species require specific conditions for reproduction, such as cover structures and shelters, in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats, which directly influence reproductive success. A careful selection of calling sites is an important process, driving life-history strategies and tactics in amphibians. Despite this, a significant knowledge gap on how different variables modulate amphibian microhabitat selection processes is noted. Thus, we aimed to: (1) describing the microhabitat use of adult neotropical Boana punctata males during the breeding season; and (2) quantitatively analyzing the selection process of five resource variables (i.e., vegetation cover, vegetation density, vegetation height, water depth, and distance to the water shore). We then compared the microhabitat selection of males that achieved spawning and that of males that did not achieve spawning. To quantify selection, we used a resource selection function approach, applying a case/control design where the calling site used by each male was paired to eight surrounding, unused locations. We found that males selected microhabitats with higher vegetation than surrounding areas for reproduction, which suggests territorialism, and selected microhabitats slightly (∼ 30 cm) inside the assessed ponds. Males also acted randomly with regard to the other variables, not influencing the males’ microhabitat selection. Microhabitat use of males successful in obtaining females to spawn was similar to that of males exhibiting mating failure. In addition to being of ecological interest, our study highlights that preserving tall vegetation and the ponds’ shores is important for the conservation of existing B. punctata urban populations.

scholarly journals Microhabitat selection of the poorly known lizard Tropidurus lagunablanca (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in the Pantanal, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e20216118
Author(s):  
Ronildo Alves Benício ◽  
Daniel Cunha Passos ◽  
Abraham Mencía ◽  
Zaida Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Resource Selection ◽  
Spatial Ecology ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Probability Of Presence ◽  
Substrate Temperatures ◽  
Selection Of

Understanding how different environmental factors influence species occurrence is a key issue to address the study of natural populations. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how local traits influence the microhabitat use of tropical arboreal lizards. Here, we investigated the microhabitat selection of the poorly known lizard Tropidurus lagunablanca (Squamata: Tropiduridae) and evaluated how environmental microhabitat features influence animal’s presence. We used a Resource Selection Function approach, in a case/control design where we analyzed the effect of substrate temperature and tree’s diameter at breast height (DBH) in the probability of presence of lizards using mixed Conditional Logistic Regression. We found that T. lagunablanca uses trees with DBH from 0.40 m to 4 m and substrate temperatures ranging from 25.9℃ to 42℃. Moreover, we showed that thickness of the trees and substrate temperatures significantly increased the probability of presence of T. lagunablanca individuals, being the probability of presence higher than 50% for trees up to 1.5 m DBH and temperature of substrate up to 37.5℃. Our study probed that T. lagunablanca individuals choose trees non-randomly, selecting thicker and warmer tree trunks. This information advances the knowledge of the spatial ecology of Neotropical arboreal lizards and is relevant for conservation, putting an emphasis on preserving native vegetation in the Pantanal.

Disentangling the role of heat sources on microhabitat selection of two Neotropical lizard species

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaida Ortega ◽  
Abraham Mencía ◽  
Kleber Martins ◽  
Priscilla Soares ◽  
Vanda Lúcia Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractOur aim was to disentangle the effects of different heat sources and the non-thermal properties of the substrate in the microhabitat choices of two lizard species living in savanna habitats of central-western Brazil: the teiidAmeivulaaff.ocellifera(N = 43) and the tropiduridTropidurus oreadicus(N = 23). To this end, a mixed structural resource selection function (mixed-SRSF) approach was used, modelling the probability of finding a lizard on a certain microhabitat based on environmental variables of used and simultaneously available places. First, we controlled for the effects of solar radiation, convection and the physical thermal properties of the substrate on substrate temperature. Then we assessed the effects of solar radiation, convection, conduction and the non-thermal properties of the substrate in the probability of use of a certain microhabitat. Results confirmed that substrate temperature was mediated by: air convection > solar radiation > physical thermal properties of the substrates. Moreover, the mixed-SRSF revealed that direct solar radiation and the non-thermal properties of the substrates were the only drivers of microhabitat selection for both species, with approximately the same strength. Our novel approach allowed splitting of the effect of different mechanisms in the microhabitat selection of lizards, which makes it a powerful tool for assessing the conformation of the interactions between different environmental variables mediating animal behaviour.

scholarly journals Value analysis as a mechanism to reduce the complexity of the selection of the resources system for Agile/Virtual Enterprises in the context of Industry 4.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 806-816
Author(s):  
Paulo Ávila ◽  
António Pires ◽  
Goran Putnik ◽  
João Bastos ◽  
Maria Cruz-Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Problem Formulations ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Process Complexity ◽  
Final System ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of the resources system (SRS) is an important element in the integration/project of Agile/Virtual Enterprises (A/V E) because its performance is dependent of this selection, and even of its creation. However, it remains a difficult matter to solve because is still a very complex and uncertain problem. We propose that using Value Analysis (VA) in the pre-selection of resources phase represents a significant improvement of the SRS process. The current literature fails to formally address the pre-selection phase and none of the resource selection models incorporate the resources value and its consequence in the complexity of the selection process. Whereby, ours developed model with VA constitutes an innovative approach towards greater sustainability in the configuration of A/V E in the context of Industry 4.0, where a massive interconnection among enterprises is expected and consequently the increase of the selection process complexity. After the construction of a demonstrator tool for a set of the problem formulations, this paper verifies by computational results the thesis regarding the benefits of applying VA to the SRS process: VA reduces the complexity of the SRS process, even ensuring that the final system of resources achieve higher quality/value grade.

scholarly journals Spatial Utilization and Microhabitat Selection of the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) under Different Livestock Grazing Intensities

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Yang Hong ◽  
Thomas Connor ◽  
Huan Luo ◽  
Xiaoxing Bian ◽  
Zhaogang Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spatial Utilization ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThere is increasing conflict between snow leopards and humans in many protected areas, the main driver of which is the overlap in spatial utilization between snow leopards and livestock. Understanding the spatial utilization and microhabitat selection of snow leopards in areas featuring different levels of livestock grazing is important to better understand and resolve this conflict, but such studies are rare. Here, we conducted line transect and plot surveys in low- and high-grazing-disturbance areas (LGDAs and HGDAs) in Wolong National Reserve, southwestern China. We compared snow leopard spatial utilization and microhabitat characteristics between LGDAs and HGDAs. Results showed that snow leopards had aggregated distribution in both LGDAs and HGDAs, but the distribution of snow leopards in HGDAs was more centralized than in LGDAs. Herb cover and height in LGDAs were greater than in HGDAs. We fit a resource selection function (RSF) that showed that snow leopards preferentially selected higher elevation, smaller basal diameter of shrubs, and lower height of herbs in LGDAs. In contrast, there were no significant microhabitat factors in our snow leopard RSF in HGDAs. Our results indicate that high-intensity grazing tends to reduce the habitat types available to and preferential selectivity of habitat by snow leopards. We recommend that livestock grazing should be controlled to restore the diversity of the alpine ecosystems in Wolong Nature Reserve. Our findings also highlight the need for evaluating the impact of livestock grazing on rare animals in alpine environments (e.g., snow leopard) in other areas facing similar issues.

scholarly journals Comparation of logistic regression methods and discrete choice model in the selection of habitats

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333
Author(s):  
Sandra Vergara Cardozo ◽  
Bryan Frederick John Manly ◽  
Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Data Set ◽  
North West ◽  
Selection Of

Based on a review of most recent data analyses on resource selection by animals as well as on recent suggestions that indicate the lack of an unified statistical theory that shows how resource selection can be detected and measured, the authors suggest that the concept of resource selection function (RSF) can be the base for the development of a theory. The revision of discrete choice models (DCM) is suggested as an approximation to estimate the RSF when the choice of animal or groups of animals involves different sets of available resource units. The definition of RSF requires that the resource which is being studied consists of discrete units. The statistical method often used to estimate the RSF is the logistic regression but DCM can also be used. The theory of DCM has been well developed for the analysis of data sets involving choices of products by humans, but it can also be applicable to the choice of habitat by animals, with some modifications. The comparison of the logistic regression with the DCM for one choice is made because the coefficient estimates of the logistic regression model include an intercept, which are not presented by the DCM. The objective of this work was to compare the estimates of the RSF obtained by applying the logistic regression and the DCM to the data set on habitat selection of the spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) in the north west of the United States.

Relative Value of Managed Wetlands and Tidal Marshlands for Wintering Northern Pintails

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Coates ◽  
Michael L. Casazza ◽  
Brian J. Halstead ◽  
Joseph P. Fleskes
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Tidal Marshes ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Managed Wetlands ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Northern pintail Anas acuta (hereafter pintail) populations have declined substantially throughout the western United States since the 1970s, largely as a result of converting wetlands to cropland. Managed wetlands have been developed throughout the San Francisco Bay estuaries to provide wildlife habitat, particularly for waterfowl. Many of these areas were historically tidal baylands, and plans are underway to remove dikes and restore tidal action. The relationship between tidal baylands and waterfowl populations is poorly understood. Our objective was to provide information on selection and avoidance of managed and tidal marshland by pintails. During 1991–1993 and 1998–2000, we radiomarked and relocated 330 female pintails (relocations, n  = 11,574) at Suisun Marsh, California, the largest brackish water estuary within San Francisco Bay, to estimate resource selection functions during the nonbreeding months (winter). Using a distance-based modeling approach, we calculated selection functions for different ecological communities (e.g., tidal baylands) and investigated variation explained by time of day (day or night hours) to account for differences in pintail behavior (i.e., foraging vs. roosting). We found strong evidence for selection of managed wetlands. Pintails also avoided tidal marshes and bays and channels. We did not detect differences in selection function between day and night hours for managed wetlands, but the degree of avoidance of other habitats varied by time of day. We also found that areas subjected to tidal action did not influence the selection of immediately adjacent managed wetlands. In areas where tidal marsh is restored, improving habitat conditions in adjacent wetlands would likely increase local carrying capacities and offset the loss of wetland area.

scholarly journals Perch selection of three species of kingfishers at the Pantanal wetland, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C. Peinado ◽  
Zaida Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
Habitat Alterations ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTAnimal movement and behavior depend on the distribution of resources on the habitat. Therefore, individual animals are constantly making decisions on resource selection based on different attributes of the resource or its associated environmental variables. For fish-eating birds as kingfishers, selecting a suitable perch can report many benefits, as improving fishing success or reducing predation risk. Nowadays, not only natural structures, as branches, are available for birds to perch but also artificial ones, as electric lines. Thus, we aimed to understand which variables drive kingfishers’ perch selection, including the potential effect of its anthropic origin. We studied perch selection of three species of kingfishers inhabiting the Pantanal of Miranda of Brazil: Megaceryle torquata, Chloroceryle amazona and Chloroceryle americana. They feed in temporary ponds that are rich in trophic resources, where they have both natural and artificial potential perches. We hypothesized that artificial perches could be strongly selected, as they are more stable than natural ones and go through the ponds, providing a long surface to select optimal conditions. We assessed how kingfishers are selecting perches based on four ecologically relevant traits: (1) being artificial or natural, perch height, (3) distance to the water, and (4) plant cover. We used a resource selection function (RSF) approach to quantify the effect of these variables in the probability of presence of kingfishers. The artificial origin of a perch was independent of the probability of selection for the three species. Furthermore, birds acted randomly to the other studied variables, except for individuals of C. amazona, which select higher perches, above 3.20 m. We discuss the implications of these results for understanding the behavioral ecology and use of space of neotropical kingfishers, and how this affects their vulnerability to human habitat alterations.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals Apprentice selection: A systematic literature review from 1990 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet I. Puchert ◽  
Roelf Van Niekerk ◽  
Kim Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Selection Practices

Orientation: Technological innovations and developments in methods of productivity have resulted in an increased demand for technically-oriented artisans. However, the supply of qualified artisans is insufficient to meet the demand.Research purpose: This article is the product of a systematic investigation into the extent and nature of empirical literature related to human resource selection practices used for apprentices.Motivation for the study: The authors noted inadequate research into the selection practices used for apprentices. This investigation was motivated by the need to systematically verify the extent and nature of the empirical literature on apprentice selection, both internationally and nationally.Research design, approach and method: A systematic literature review of published empirical research articles (for the period 1990–2020) in scholarly databases was conducted. The literature was accessed through relevant databases within the business management, human resource management and industrial psychology fields. The literature was restricted to scholarly (i.e., peer reviewed journals), English full textual data. Twelve combinations of two clusters of key words were used in the search function. The first cluster was apprentice, apprenticeship and artisan, with the second cluster being selection, selection process, staffing and recruitment. Four exclusion categories were used to reject literature that were unrelated, dissimilar and unconnected with the purpose of the literature review.Main findings: From the comprehensive review of the literature, 12 articles were found to have content related to the selection of apprentices. Five core themes, with 11 sub-themes, were identified from this literature. A research agenda is proposed with research questions identified for each theme.Practical/managerial implications: This literature review has provided a synthesised summary of the available literature on apprentice selection. Through the provision of a research agenda, this article contributes by providing a foundation for further research in the field.Contribution/value-add: This article adds to the current literature available on apprentice selection practices. This should alert researchers of the need to further explore this area to enhance knowledge and understanding of the best practices employed in the selection of apprentices.

IMPLEMENTASI PENENTUAN ARSITEKTUR MASJID MODERN DI ACEH MENGGUNAKAN PEMODELAN SISTEM CERDAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Masthura Hasan ◽  
T Iqbal Faridiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Selection Of

Mosque architectural design is based on Islamic culture as an approach to objects and products from the Islamic community by looking at their suitability and values and basic principles of Islam that explore more creative and innovative ideas. The purpose of this system is to help the team and the community in seeing the best mosque in the top order so that the system can be used as a reference for the team and the community. The variables used in the selection of modern mosques include facilities and infrastructure, building structure, roof structure, mosque area, level of security and facilities. The system model used is a fuzzy promethee model that is used for the modern mosque selection process. Fuzzy inference assessment is used to determine the value of each variable so that the value remains at normal limits. Fuzzy values will then be included in promethee assessment aspects. The highest promethee ranking results will be made a priority for the best mosque ranking. This fuzzy inference system and promethee system can help the management team and the community in determining the selection of modern mosques in aceh in accordance with modern mosque architecture. Intelligent System Modeling System In Determining Modern Mosque Architecture in the City of Aceh, this building will be web based so that all elements of society can see the best mosque in Aceh by being assessed by all elements of modern mosque architecture.Keywords: Fuzzy inference system, Promethe, Option of  Masjid

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