Life cycle duration of Meloidogyne incognita and host status of Brassicaceae and Capparaceae selected for glucosinate content

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Dallavalle ◽  
Luca Lazzeri ◽  
Giovanna Curto
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Host Status ◽  
Rapistrum Rugosum ◽  
Susceptible Tomato ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

AbstractDifferent plant species in the families Brassicaceae and Capparaceae were evaluated for their potential use in management of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Preliminary tests on host suitability were carried out for toxic effects on the nematode in small field plots of soil naturally infested with M. incognita. Afterwards, the best accessions and a susceptible tomato cultivar (UC82) were tested in pots to collect more complete observations of the nematode life cycle on the selected plant roots. Plants were cultivated in the glasshouse for 14–15 weeks and evaluated every 2 weeks. Root gall rating, population reproduction factor and life cycle duration showed wide differences amongst the different accessions and indicated two distinct approaches for control of M. incognita: catch crops or green manure. At 14–15 weeks after sowing, Rapistrum rugosum sel. ISCI 15, Eruca sativa cv. Nemat, Barbarea verna sel. ISCI 50 and Raphanus sativus cv. Boss were considered 'poor to nonhost' species; Brassica juncea sel. ISCI 99 was classified as 'maintenance host'; Lepidium campestre sel. ISCI 103 and Erucastrum gallicum were 'good hosts'. At 10 weeks after sowing, B. juncea sel. ISCI 20 was classified as a good host, so it could be grown for fewer than 8–10 weeks in a cropping system. The presence of galls and the identification of juveniles, females and egg masses, confirmed that second-stage juveniles had penetrated into the root of the tested accessions and completed their life cycle. However, in R. rugosum sel. ISCI 15, M. incognita did not complete its life cycle, even after 15 weeks.

scholarly journals Developmental stages of a mottled emigrant butterfly, catopsilia pyranthe

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Arju ◽  
MA Bashar ◽  
G Moula
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Laboratory Condition ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

The overall life cycle, duration and survival rate of different developmental stages (egg, larva and pupa) of Catopsilia pyranthe conducted at 27 ± 3°C and RH 75% ± 2. showed that within 6.4 days 68% eggs hatched. The average duration from egg to adult, larval stage and pupal were 23.87, 10.93 and 6.8 days, respectively. Fifty six out of 68 larvae successfully completed their whole 5 instars. There were positive correlation among the larval instars, amount of food consumption and excretion of faeces. About 52% pupa were emerged as adult at laboratory condition. Key words: Life cycle; Catopsilia pyranthe; Developmental stages; Rearing DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8961 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 171-179

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR TREATMENTS OF TOMATO PLANTS WITH MICROELEMENTS ON ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE INFESTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 520-525
Author(s):  
Udalova ◽  
Zinovieva
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Metabolic Effect ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Susceptible Tomato

Selenium (Se), silicon (Si) and nickel (Ni) are essential microelements in plants. Their deficiency can have a significant impact on the growth and development of plants, and on nematode infestation. The study of the possibility of regulating the interaction of plants with root-knot nematode by means of exogenous foliar treatments with solutions of nanosized Se, Si and Ni has been conducted. Susceptible tomato plants were treated in the seed phase and the growing plants were sprayed with aqueous solutions of nanosized microelements (Se – 0.6; Ni – 0.1; Si – 2 mg/l). The influence of treatments on the infestation of tomatoes by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, as well as on the development of plants and the quantitative and qualitative composition of photosynthetic pigments, as the most sensitive indicator of the pathological state of plants, was studied. A decrease in the infestation of tomatoes with a nematode in the Se<Si<Ni series is shown. The treated plants were dominated by larvae. An increase in the entire pool of photosynthetic pigments or individual pigments was observed when treated with nanosized microelements. The greatest effect on the infestation of the root system, the development of nematodes and the content of photosynthetic pigments was obtained when plants were treated with nanosized nickel. It is obvious that these elements have an individual metabolic effect on plant tissues, but it is obvious that they have a beneficial effect on tomato plants, which allows us to consider them as inductors that increase resistance to root-knot nematode.

scholarly journals Analysis of Variability of Morphologic Characteristics with Alternative Variation in Imago of Taiga Tick in the Territory of the Irkutsk Region

2009 ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Nikitin ◽  
Yu. A. Kozlova ◽  
T. S. Panova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Taiga Tick ◽  
Morphologic Characteristics ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

Investigation of the spatial-temporal variability of characteristics with alternative variation in females of taiga tick from three district of the Irkutsk Region showed all samplings to be phenotypically heterogenous. Based on these results estimated was L.A.Zhivotovsky criterion of identity between separate imago collections. Similarity index for geographically remote populations was about 0.9. This index was higher in intrapopulational groups collected from one territory in different seasons. The elucidated variability creates the basis for selection of morphologic tags of vector transmitting capacity and ticks life cycle duration and other questions of their biology investigation which includes usage of collection materials accumulated previously.

Relationships between the duration of phases in the pre-anthesis life cycle of spring barley

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Appleyard ◽  
EJM Kirby ◽  
G Fellowes
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Ear Development ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
Competition For Resources ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

Ear development and ear growth were studied in the progeny of two crosses between a six-row and two two-row spring barley varieties. There were no differences in the rates of primordium initiation amongst the progenies and parents. Duration of ear initiation and ear growth varied amongst the genotypes, and there was a strong negative correlation between the duration of these phases. Duration of ear initiation was correlated with number of leaves, as was the length of life cycle from sowing to anthesis. Survival of spikelets was related to the number of spikelet primordia initiated. However, the proportion of spikelet primordia that survived to form grains was less in ears with most spikelet primordia. This may be due to competition for resources in the ear. It is suggested that optimal ear size and life-cycle duration may be achieved by breeding for appropriate durations of the component phases of the life cycle.

scholarly journals Development of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera) parasitoids in Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pupae exposed to entomopathogenic fungi

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rossoni ◽  
F.F. Pereira ◽  
S.O. Kassab ◽  
A. Rodrigues ◽  
R.H. Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Diatraea Saccharalis ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Fungal Suspension ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

AbstractPalmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle, Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff), and Trichospilus diatraeae Cherian and Margabandhu (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) are promising candidates for the control of sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Cordycipitaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin (Clavicipitaceae) also can be used to control sugarcane borers plus leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) in sugarcane. This observation motivated us to investigate whether entomopathogenic fungi can affect biological aspects of these parasitoids. Diatraea saccharalis pupae (24 hours in age) were exposed to parasitism by three females of each eulophid species for 72 hours and then placed in small tubes. A contact surface treated with 1 mL of fungal suspension was placed inside each tube with the parasitised pupae at concentrations of 1×109, 5×109, or 10×109 conidia mL−1 of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana. Exposure to fungi reduced emergence of adult P. elaeisis, but not of T. howardi and T. diatraeae. Life cycle duration, progeny, and sex ratio of P. elaeisis were not affected by exposure. Exposure was associated with decreased longevity for both sexes of T. howardi and in males of P. elaeisis, but not at levels expected to affect their performance as biocontrol agents. In general, the exposure of eulophid species developing in pupae of D. saccharalis exposed to entomopathogenic fungi, did not compromise the biological aspects of these parasitoids.

scholarly journals Sagitta friderici Ritter-Záhony (Chaetognatha) from South Atlantic waters: abundance, population structure, and life cycle

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C Daponte ◽  
F.L Capitanio ◽  
D.E Nahabedian ◽  
M.D Viñas ◽  
R.M Negri
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

Abstract The life cycle of Sagitta friderici, a neritic species from Pacific, Atlantic, and Mediterranean waters, has been poorly studied. Aiming at increasing our knowledge of this species in the Argentine Sea, the size structure, dry weight, distribution of maturity stages (ovarian, testicular, and seminal vesicles development), and life-cycle duration were studied from samples obtained at a permanent station (EPEA STATION, 38°28′S 57°41′W) from 9 March 2000 to 10 April 2001. The almost permanent presence of juveniles and the extended period during which mature adults (stage III) were detected suggest that reproduction occurs continuously with two main peaks, the main one in the summer (December–February) and a lesser one in the fall (April–May). Significant (p<0.05) inverse correlations between water temperature and the mean size of stages 0 (juveniles), I, and II were found in this data set. Owing to the influence of temperature, those individuals that develop during the warm season and mature in the fall attain smaller sizes (7.6–12.4 mm) than those that develop during the coldest period of the year and mature in the spring (10.0–15.2 mm). The life-cycle duration is approximately 15 months, and the growth rate ca. 0.03 mm d−1. The weight increase as a function of individual size was similar in the fall and in the spring (Fisher Test, p>0.05).

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