Diploscapter formicidae sp. n. (Rhabditida: Diploscapteridae), from the ant Prolasius advenus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in New Zealand

Diploscapter formicidae sp. n. was collected from the ant Prolasius advenus and its nests in native beech forests of the South Island, New Zealand. This is a new host record for the nematode genus and the first report of an ant associate from the southern hemisphere. Diploscapter formicidae sp. n. appears to be native to New Zealand. No males were found from collections from 16 nests, in agreement with previously published data on the other members of this genus, suggesting that males are absent or very rare. The adult females have bilateral symmetry of the head, characteristic dorsal and ventral projections of the putative cheilostom with paired hook-like structures or hamuli, expansive membranous lateral lip flaps or laciniae, gymnostom and stegostom with parallel walls, a swollen procorpus, large terminal bulb with a strong valve, paired ovaries with medial vulva, and a short conoid tail with slender pointed or spicate tip. Scanning electron micrographs of the structure of the head confirmed that the lateral laciniae with finger-like tines or filopodia are moveable (alternately covering and exposing the mouth). These lateral lip flaps are located posterior to the stoma, but anterior to the pore-like amphidial openings. The anterior margin of the cheilostom possesses apomorphic lateral bell-shaped projections and the hamuli are broader and less pointed than other species that have been examined. Molecular phylogeny of near full-length small subunit, D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit rRNA gene and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) gene showed that D. formicidae sp. n. is monophyletic with the Diploscapter species and isolates available in GenBank, but is on an independent trajectory supporting separate species status.

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The Plant Family Asteraceae Is a Cache for Novel Fungal Diversity: Novel Species and Genera With Remarkable Ascospores in Leptosphaeriaceae

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.660261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Mingkwan Doilom ◽

Kevin D. Hyde ◽

Wei Dong ◽

Chun-Fang Liao ◽

Nakarin Suwannarach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sequence Data ◽

Novel Species ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Host Record ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Fungal Species ◽

New Host ◽

New Host Record ◽

Ageratina Adenophora

In a cursory survey of fungi on Asteraceae in Yunnan Province, China, we report fungal species belonging to the family Leptosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Two novel species have remarkable ascospores that are unusual for sexual ascomycetes. Multilocus phylogeny of large subunit, small subunit, and internal transcribed spacer sequence data showed one to be a novel genus, while the other is a new species. Praeclarispora artemisiae gen. et sp. nov. is introduced and is typical of Leptosphaeriaceae, but has unusual fusiform, versicolor ascospores with a brown median cell. Sphaerellopsis artemisiae sp. nov. has scolecosporous ascospores with deeply constricted septa that split into two parts, which resembles S. isthmospora but differs by ascospore dimension and molecular data. In addition, Plenodomus artemisiae is reported as a new collection from dead stems of Artemisia argyi in Qujing City. Plenodomus sinensis is reported as a new host record from Ageratina adenophora. All taxa are illustrated and described based on evidence of taxonomy and phylogeny.

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Redescription and New Host Record of Diplostamenides Sciaenae (Monogenea, Microcotylidae) and Its Phylogenetic Status Using Molecular Markers

Vestnik Zoologii ◽

10.2478/vzoo-2018-0005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 37-46

Author(s):

A. K. Verma ◽

J. Verma ◽

N. Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Host Record ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Published Data ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Neighbor Joining ◽

Minimum Evolution ◽

New Host ◽

Ribosomal Subunits ◽

New Host Record ◽

Phylogenetic Status

Abstract A new host and new locality is recorded for Diplostamenides sciaenae (Goto, 1894) Lebedev, Parukhin et Roitman, 1970 from Johnius belangerii at Versova dock landing centre, Mumbai, India. The morphometric comparison of D. sciaenae with previously published data, provided redescription complements results of molecular analysis. The partial 28S and 18S rRNA gene sequences of D. sciaenae were amplified, sequenced through PCR and deposited to GenBank database. The BLASTn searches revealed the significant closeness of D. sciaenae to other microcotylid parasites in large and small ribosomal subunits. Th e phylogenetic tree analyses with neighbor joining and minimum evolution methods also expressed belonging of D. sciaenae to Microcotylidae.

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Morphological and molecular characteristics of Bastiania sinensis sp. n., Tripyla aquatica Brzeski & Winiszewska-Ślipińska, 1993 and T. setifera Bütschli, 1873 (Nematoda: Triplonchida) from Shanxi Province, North China

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-bja10090 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

Mei Na Liu ◽

Yu Mei Xu ◽

Zeng Qi Zhao ◽

Jian Ming Wang

Keyword(s):

North China ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Shanxi Province ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Separate Species ◽

Using Data ◽

First Time ◽

Respective Species

Summary This paper describes a new species of Bastiania, presents a new record and redescribes a known species of Tripyla. These nematodes are all in the order Triplonchida and were collected from Shanxi Province, North China. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is characterised by having the female with a relatively slender body 1049-1295 μm long, dorsally arcuate after heat relaxation, with outer labial setae and cephalic setae in a single circle, an oval amphid, 7-8 laterodorsal cervical setae scattered in the pharyngeal region, orthometamenes and pseudocoelomocytes present, tail conoid with a mucron 1-2 μm long, two pairs of caudal setae present, a = 58.1-75.5, b = 4.0-4.6, c = 12.7-19.7, c′ = 4.1-7.8 and V = 61.1-67.7. Males were not found. Tripyla aquatica is recorded for the first time from China, and is redescribed. Tripyla setifera has been reported from China but without a detailed description – now provided. In addition, phylogenetic relationships among the species were analysed using data from the near full length small subunit (SSU) and D2-D3 segments of large subunit (LSU) of rRNA genes. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is monophyletic with the Bastiania sequences available in GenBank, but is on an independent branch supporting its status as a separate species; T. aquatica and T. setifera are monophyletically clustered with known Tripyla species and grouped together with sequences from their respective species.

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Teratorhabditis synpapillata Sudhaus, 1985 (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae) is an associate of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854108783476386 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 207-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

David Fitch ◽

Koichi Soné ◽

Natsumi Kanzaki ◽

Fukiko Abe ◽

Robin Giblin-Davis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Subunit ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Molecular Profile ◽

Sister Group Relationship ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽

Red Palm Weevil ◽

Palm Weevil

AbstractTeratorhabditis synpapillata, originally described from cow dung in Bali, was isolated from the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, in Japan. Dauer juveniles were isolated from beneath the elytra of five specimens of R. ferrugineus that had emerged from a dead Canary Island date palm, Phoenix canariensis, in Kagoshima, Japan. The dauer juveniles were cultured on a NGM agar plate and the adult nematodes observed and measured with the aid of light microscopy. The full length of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) and D2/D3 expansion segment of the ribosomal large subunit (LSU) were sequenced for molecular identification. Based upon morphology, molecular profile and a hybridisation test, the nematode was confirmed as T. synpapillata. A comparison of morphology and morphometrics suggests that the only other nematode reported from R. ferrugineus (= 'Pelodera rhynchophori') is also conspecific with T. synpapillata. A phylogenetic analysis using SSU and LSU rRNA gene sequences fully resolves the relationships of four Teratorhabditis and six outgroup species and demonstrates a sister group relationship of T. synpapillata and T. palmarum, another associate of palm weevils.

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Ficophagus chaozhouensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), an associate of Ficus hirta Vahl var. roxburghii (Miq.) King in China

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 299-312

Author(s):

Wensheng Zeng ◽

Dayuan Zhang ◽

Jianghua Huang ◽

Yongsan Zeng ◽

Weimin Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Subunit ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Ssu Rrna ◽

Monophyletic Clade ◽

Male Tail ◽

Lsu Rrna Gene ◽

Ficus Hirta ◽

Tail Tip

Summary A new nematode species was recovered from the syconia of Ficus hirta var. roxburghii from Chaozhou, Guangdong, China. It is described herein as Ficophagus chaozhouensis n. sp. and is characterised by possessing the combined characters of a short post-uterine sac, excretory pore located near the head, amoeboid sperm, three pairs of subventral papillae on the male tail, rounded male tail tip with mucron (occasionally swollen), absence of gubernaculum (or apophysis), a blunt rosethorn-shaped spicule without a terminal cucullus, and a digitate rostrum with a broadly squared tip. Ficophagus chaozhouensis n. sp. was separated from other sequenced species by differences in the partial small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis with LSU D2-D3 expansion segment sequences suggested that F. chaozhouensis n. sp. is clustered in the same highly supported monophyletic clade with F. aculeata, F. maxima and F. yoponensis, and is sister to F. aculeata.

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Martininema semicordatae n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) associated with Ficus semicordata in China

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003338 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 759-770

Author(s):

Xiulan Zhao ◽

Dayuan Zhang ◽

Wensheng Zeng ◽

Jianfeng Huang ◽

Yongsan Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Yunnan Province ◽

Common Ancestor ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Male Tail ◽

Lsu Rrna Gene ◽

Tail Tip

Summary A new nematode species was recovered from the syconia of Ficus semicordata from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan Province, China. It is described herein as Martininema semicordatae n. sp. and is characterised by having the combined characters of a long post-vulval uterine sac, excretory pore located at nerve ring level, amoeboid sperm, three pairs of subventral papillae on the male tail, rounded male tail tip with mucron, absence of gubernaculum (= apophysis), and a recurved, rose-thorn-shaped spicule lacking a terminal cucullus. Martininema semicordatae n. sp. differs from other sequenced species by differences in the partial small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis with LSU D2-D3 expansion segment sequences suggested that M. semicordatae n. sp. is clustered in a highly supported monophyletic clade with M. guangzhouense, M. fistulosus and M. baculum, and shares a common ancestor with these three species.

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Ciliate Environmental Diversity Can Be Underestimated by the V4 Region of SSU rDNA: Insights from Species Delimitation and Multilocus Phylogeny of Pseudokeronopsis (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea)

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7110493 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 493 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhan ◽

Li ◽

Keyword(s):

Species Delimitation ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Base Change ◽

Published Data ◽

Environmental Diversity ◽

5.8S Rdna ◽

Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Metabarcoding and high-throughput sequencing methods have greatly improved our understanding of protist diversity. Although the V4 region of small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU-V4 rDNA) is the most widely used marker in DNA metabarcoding of eukaryotic microorganisms, doubts have recently been raised about its suitability. Here, using the widely distributed ciliate genus Pseudokeronopsis as an example, we assessed the potential of SSU-V4 rDNA and four other nuclear and mitochondrial markers for species delimitation and phylogenetic reconstruction. Our studies revealed that SSU-V4 rDNA is too conservative to distinguish species, and a threshold of 97% and 99% sequence similarity detected only one and three OTUs, respectively, from seven species. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the present and previously published data, we proposed the multilocus marker including the nuclear 5.8S rDNA combining the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and the hypervariable D2 region of large subunit rDNA (LSU-D2) as an ideal barcode rather than the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene, and the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 as a candidate metabarcoding marker for ciliates. Furthermore, the compensating base change and tree-based criteria of ITS2 and LSU-D2 were useful in complementing the DNA barcoding and metabarcoding methods by giving second structure and phylogenetic evidence.

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Litylenchus coprosma gen. n., sp. n. (Tylenchida: Anguinata), from leaves of Coprosma repens (Rubiaceae) in New Zealand

Nematology ◽

10.1163/138855410x499076 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 29-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kerrie Davies ◽

Zeng Qi Zhao ◽

Brett Alexander ◽

Ian Riley

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

New Genus ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

New Genus And Species ◽

Pore Opening ◽

Terminal Bulb ◽

Stylet Length ◽

Tail Tip

AbstractA new genus and species of anguinid nematode, Litylenchus coprosma gen. n., sp. n., was recovered from leaves of Coprosma repens A. Rich. from an amenity planting in Wellington, New Zealand. The genus is characterised by having slender males and slender or semi-obese females, pharynx with a weak non-muscular median bulb, a terminal bulb containing the pharyngeal glands, female with a single gonad having a quadricolumella and post-uterine sac; male with arcuate spicules and the bursa arising 1-2 anal body diam. anterior to the cloacal aperture and extending nearly to the tail tip, and does not induce galls, only foliar chlorosis. The species is characterised by having a short, robust stylet with conus forming ca 40% of stylet length and three well developed rounded knobs, secretory/excretory pore opening posterior to the nerve ring, terminal bulb abutting the intestine, and tail tip of variable form. Molecular phylogeny of near full length small subunit, D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit and internal transcribed spacer rRNA genes support the description of L. coprosma gen. n., sp. n. as a new genus and species.

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First record of the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne minor in New Zealand with description, sequencing information and key to known species of Meloidogyne in New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4231.2.4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4231 (2) ◽

pp. 203 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

ZENG QI ZHAO ◽

WELLCOME HO ◽

RUTH GRIFFIN ◽

MICHAEL SURREY ◽

ROBERT TAYLOR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Intergenic Spacer ◽

First Record ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Head Region ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽

Stage Juvenile ◽

Labial Disc

Meloidogyne minor Karssen et al. 2004 was collected from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) growing in a sports ground in Christchurch, New Zealand. This is a new record for M. minor, the first report of this nematode occurring in New Zealand, and the second report from the southern hemisphere (after Chile). In general, the New Zealand isolate of M. minor corresponds well to the descriptions of M. minor given by Karssen et al. (2004). The New Zealand isolate is characterized by having a female with dorsally curved stylet, 13–14 μm long, with transversely ovoid knobs slightly sloping backwards from shaft; rounded perineal pattern; and male with stylet 16–19 μm long, large transversely ovoid knobs sloping slightly backwards from shaft; head region not set off, labial disc elevated, lateral lips prominent; and second stage juvenile 370–390 μm long, with hemizonid posterior but adjacent to excretory pore; tail 53–63 μm long; and a distinct hyaline tail terminus 14–18 μm long. In addition, molecular phylogeny using near full length small subunit (SSU), D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU), the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1 and 2), and the intergenic spacer (IGS2) of the ribosomal rDNA supports the identification.

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Descriptions of life-stages of Blastobasis repartella (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Coleophoridae: Blastobasinae) and observations on its biology in switchgrass

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2656.1.2 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2656 (1) ◽

pp. 41 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

D. ADAMSKI ◽

P. J. JOHNSON ◽

A. A. BOE ◽

J. D. BRADSHAW ◽

ALAN PULTYNIEWICZ

Keyword(s):

Panicum Virgatum ◽

Host Record ◽

The United States ◽

Wing Venation ◽

Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽

Life Stages ◽

New Host ◽

Male And Female ◽

New Host Record ◽

Panicum Virgatum L

Blastobasis repartella (Dietz) is a borer in the proaxis and basal nodes and internodes of above ground stems of Panicum virgatum L. (Poaceae). The adult and immature stages are described herein, including diagnoses of the adult and larva, as this insect may be easily confused with a closely related grass-feeding congener, Blastobasis graminea Adamski, which is also known to occur in the United States. The biology of B. repartella is described. Figures of the adult, illustrations of the male and female genitalia, wing venation, the chaetotaxy of the larva (supplemented with scanning electron micrographs), and pupa are provided. Bassus difficilis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is reported as a larval/pupal parasitoid of B. repartella. A new host record for Aethes spartinana (Barnes & McDunnough) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is also reported.

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