Neuroendocrine structures of the small intestine of the capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Mammalia, Rodentia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Sirlene Souza Rodrigues Sartori ◽  
Juliano Vogas Peixoto ◽  
Vanessa de Paula Guimarães Lopes ◽  
Alfredo José Afonso Barbosa ◽  
Clóvis Andrade Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Argyrophil Cells ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining

AbstractA complex network of nerve fibers of the enteric nervous system and enteroendocrine cells is known to regulate the gastrointestinal tract. The distribution and frequency of the argyrophil, argentaffin and serotonin immunoreactive endocrine cells and of the submucosal and myenteric nervous ganglia were studied in the small intestine of the capybaraHydrochoerus hydrochaeris, aiming to verify the existence of possible numerical correlations between endocrine cells and nervous ganglia. Fragments of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of adult animals were collected and processed according to routine histological techniques. To study the nervous ganglia, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used, while specific staining techniques were used to study the argyrophil, argentaffin and serotonin immunoreactive endocrine cells: Grimelius, modified Masson-Fontana and peroxidase anti-peroxidase, respectively. Endocrine cells were more abundant in the area of the crypts and, in relation to their morphology, ‘open type’ endocrine cells prevailed. The population of argyrophil cells was larger than that of argentaffin cells, and these cells were larger than serotonin immunoreactive cells. The frequency of endocrine cells was apparently greater in the duodenum, indicating the importance of this intestinal segment in digestive and absorptive functions. Prominent nervous ganglia were observed in the submucosal and myenteric plexi, and were larger and more frequent in the myenteric plexus. A numerical correlation was found among the endocrine cells (argentaffin and serotonin immunoreactive cells) and the myenteric nervous ganglia, suggesting the presence of physiological interactions among the endocrine and nervous systems for the control of intestinal activities. The findings in this study contribute to the understanding of the digestive processes of this species, which may also help in its conservation and future survival.

scholarly journals Endocrine cells and nerve ganglia of the small intestine of the Opossum Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 (Mammalia: Didelphidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gláucia M. Freitas-Ribeiro ◽  
Cláudio C. Fonseca ◽  
Sirlene S.R. Sartori ◽  
Alan Loures-Ribeiro ◽  
Clóvis A. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Nutrient Digestion ◽  
Central Objective ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Immunohistochemical Techniques ◽  
Didelphis Aurita ◽  
Myenteric Plexuses

The nervous and endocrine systems jointly control intestinal movements, secretions of their glands and also participate of the processes of nutrient digestion and absorption. Therefore, the central objective of this study was to verify the existence of a possible relationship between the number of nervous cells and ganglia of the submucosal and myenteric plexuses and the number of endocrine cells in the small intestine of adult D. aurita. The utilized staining techniques were Grimelius, modified Masson-Fontana, direct immunoperoxidase and H-E. Argyrophillic, argentaffin and insulin immunoreactive endocrine cells do not numerically vary between the initial, mid and final regions of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P>0.05), except for argyrophillic cells in the jejunum (P>0.05). No numerical relationship has yet been verified between the number of nerve ganglia and endocrine cells, and also between nervous and endocrine cells. We recommended the use of new immunohistochemical techniques to confirm the numerical correlation between the nervous and endocrine systems in the small intestine. The morphology and distribution of endocrine cells and the nerve ganglia studied were similar to those encountered in eutherian mammals.

Comparative Tissue Stainability of Lawsonia inermis (Henna) and Eosin as Counterstains to Hematoxylin in Brain Tissues

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith N. Alawa ◽  
Gbenga O. Gideon ◽  
Bamidele Adetiba ◽  
Clement B. Alawa
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Cortical Layer ◽  
Cellular Distribution ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
The Brain

AbstractWe hyposthesized that henna staining could provide an alternative to eosin when used as a counterstain to hematoxylin for understanding basic neurohistological principles. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the suitability of henna as counterstain to hematoxylin for the demonstration of the layer stratification and cellular distribution in the brain tissue. Henna stained nervous tissue by reacting with the basic elements in proteins via its amino groups. It stained the neuropil and connective tissue membranes brown and effectively outlined the perikarya of neurons with no visible nuclei demonstrating that it is an acidic dye. Henna as a counterstain to hematoxylin demonstrated reliability as a new neurohistological stain. It facilitated identification of cortical layer stratification and cellular distribution in brain tissue sections from Wistar rats. This was comparable to standard hematoxylin and eosin staining as morphological and morphometrical analyses of stained cells did not show significant differences in size or number. This study presents a method for staining with henna and demonstrates that although henna and eosin belong to different dye groups (anthraquinone and xanthenes, respectively) based on their chromophores, they share similar staining techniques and thus could be used interchangeably in neurohistology.

Presence and significance of NK cells in glioblastomas

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Vaquero ◽  
Santiago Coca ◽  
Santiago Oya ◽  
Roberto Martínez ◽  
Josefa Ramiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Surface Marker ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A monoclonal antibody against the surface marker IOT-10 of natural killer (NK) cells was used to investigate the presence of these cells in a series of 25 glioblastomas. In 40% of the tumors, IOT-10-positive NK cells were found in small numbers scattered among the tumor cells. The presence of IOT-10-positive NK cells was not related to the degree of lymphocytic infiltration in the tumor as demonstrated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, nor did it appear to influence the survival time of the patients studied.

scholarly journals Complement C9 expression is associated with damaged myocardial cells in pediatric sudden death cases of fulminant myocarditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akari Takaya Uno ◽  
Masahito Hitosugi ◽  
Mami Nakamura ◽  
Tomoyuki Nakanishi ◽  
Takahiro Mima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Acute Myocarditis ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Fulminant Myocarditis ◽  
Myocardial Cells ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Complement C9

Abstract Background Because disease progression is so fast in sudden death of acute fulminant myocarditis, damage of myocardial cells is not evident in routine hematoxylin and eosin staining. To understand damage to myocardial cells and the mechanism of sudden death, immunohistochemical staining was performed for two forensic autopsy cases. Case presentation The patients were a healthy 5-year-old girl and 8-year-old boy. They suddenly died within 2 days of appearance of flu-like symptoms. An autopsy showed accumulation of yellowish-clear pericardial fluid containing fibrin deposits, fluid blood in the heart, and congestion of visceral organs. Histologically, minor necrosis or degeneration of myocardial cells with mainly lymphocytic infiltration was observed sometimes in tissue sections. Immunohistochemically, positive complement C9 staining and negative sirtuin 1 staining were found. These findings suggested wide damage of myocardial cells, even in regions with no marked changes in myocardial cells with hematoxylin and eosin staining. These areas corresponded to those with strong accumulation of lymphocytes. Conclusions Immunohistochemistry for complement C9 and sirtuin 1 might become a new tool for evaluating damage of myocardial cells of fulminant acute myocarditis.

scholarly journals Suicide by intoxication with iron (III) chloride

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Majdanik ◽  
Barbara Potocka-Banaś ◽  
Sebastian Glowinski ◽  
Krzysztof Borowiak
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Fatal Intoxication ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Staining Protocol ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

Abstract Purpose Cases of iron intoxication are not very often encountered in toxicology practice, and most of those reported concern accidental intoxications with iron supplements in young children. The paper presents a rare case of a suicide by intoxication in an adult woman who ingested a solution of iron (III) chloride. Methods A forensic was at the Department of Forensic Medicine, PMU in Szczecin. Toxicology tests of blood sampled from the deceased were performed using a 644 CIBA CORNING ion selective analyzer and proprietary reagent kits. Histopathological was with the use of the standard staining protocol (hematoxylin and eosin) and staining specific for iron (Prussian blue). Results Autopsy revealed a distinct yellow discolouration and thrombotic necrosis of the oral mucosa and almost the whole gastrointestinal tract, as well as similar changes in the adjacent internal organs. Considerably high levels of iron and chloride ions were detected in specimens of internal organs preserved during autopsy. Histopathological analysis performed with the use of staining specific for iron (Prussian blue) also confirmed the presence of iron in the examined tissues, especially in the intestines and liver. Conclusions Considering the above findings, it was concluded in the forensic report that the death of the woman was caused by the ingestion of iron chloride. The reported case of fatal intoxication is one of the few described in the literature, and its course implies that in the case of initially diagnosed intoxication with corrosive compounds, the possibility of using metal-containing poison should also be considered in the differential diagnosis. In addition to routine toxicological tests performed in fatal cases we also draw attention to the possibility of using specific staining protocols for microscopic specimens.

Sympathetic input to ganglia of the guinea pig sphincter of Oddi

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (6) ◽  
pp. G1162-G1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Wells ◽  
G. M. Mawe
Keyword(s):  
Sphincter Of Oddi ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential ◽  
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials ◽  
Dopamine Beta Hydroxylase ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Ganglionated Plexus

Intracellular recording and immunohistochemical staining techniques were used to establish whether sphincter of Oddi (SO) ganglia are a target of sympathetic input to this region. Norepinephrine (0.01-10.0 microM) decreased the amplitude of the nicotinic fast excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) evoked by stimulation of interganglionic fiber tracts, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (EC50) of 300 nM. Norepinephrine did not alter the responsiveness of the neurons to acetylcholine. The alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist UK-14304 mimicked the norepinephrine-induced effect with a EC50 of 2.5 nM, whereas alpha 1- and beta-adrenoreceptor agonists had no effect on the EPSP. The alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist idazoxan (1.0 microM) inhibited the UK-14304 response, with a dissociation constant of 1.0 nM. Release of endogenous catecholamines, by the addition of tyramine (100 microM) to the bath, caused an idazoxan-sensitive decrease in the amplitude of the fast EPSP. In the minority of SO neurons that exhibited inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs), norepinephrine caused a hyperpolarization of the membrane potential. The IPSP and the norepinephrine-induced hyperpolarization were inhibited by alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists. Desipramine (1.0 microM), an uptake inhibitor, reversibly increased the amplitude of the IPSP. Immunoreactivities for tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase were coexistent in nerve fibers and nonexistent in cell bodies in the ganglionated plexus of the SO. The results of this study indicate that norepinephrine acts pre- and postsynaptically as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in SO ganglia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document