Area-based Management on the High Seas: Possible Application of the IMO’s Particularly Sensitive Sea Area Concept

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siân Prior ◽  
Aldo Chircop ◽  
Julian Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
The Core ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
State Practice ◽  
Integrated Conservation ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
High Seas

AbstractArea-based management is an important tool to improve integrated conservation of high seas biodiversity. While States clearly support the need to protect high seas biodiversity, some States remain reluctant to adopt internationally binding measures that may have an impact on high seas freedoms. Since there is limited experience to date with the application of area-based management tools on the high seas, this article examines the practical implications of establishing such measures through an analysis of the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) particularly sensitive sea area concept. After providing an overview of the legal complexities associated with the designation of high seas marine protected areas, this article introduces the PSSA concept and identifies the unique features that make it appropriate as a measure for protecting high seas biodiversity. The core of the analysis is an examination of State practice within the IMO in the context of the potential designation of a PSSA in the Southern Ocean.

Multilateral Hot Pursuit and Illegal Fishing in the Southern Ocean: The Pursuits of the Viarsa 1 and the South Tomi

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Jaap Molenaar
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
International Law ◽  
The South ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Iuu Fishing ◽  
State Practice ◽  
Considerable Problem ◽  
Fisheries Regulation ◽  
High Seas

AbstractIllegal fishing for toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) in the maritime zones around sub-Antarctic islands in the Southern Ocean has been a considerable problem for many years. Enforcement of fisheries regulation is problematic as the remoteness of these islands has enormous logistic and financial implications. Multilateral hot pursuit, meaning hot pursuit involving pursuing vessels, aircraft or officials with different nationalities, can contribute to making enforcement, and thereby regulation, more effective. The article discusses the hot pursuits of the South Tomi and the Viarsa 1 in the context of applicable international law and state practice. Some of the conclusions are that these types of hot pursuits are not inconsistent with Article 111 of the LOS Convention, that they do not erode the freedom of the high seas or affect the LOS Convention's jurisdictional balance and that they are fully consistent with the objectives of the IPOA on IUU Fishing.

scholarly journals A new approach to selecting Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in the Southern Ocean

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Harris ◽  
Marcus Haward ◽  
Julia Jabour ◽  
Eric J. Woehler
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
High Seas

AbstractConservation of the high seas marine environment poses a significant challenge to policy-makers and managers. Marine conservation efforts are often hindered by the lack of data and the difficulties in addressing multiple, and typically conflicting uses. The majority of extant Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are in coastal or tropical regions within national jurisdiction. Conservation of high seas MPAs has emerged on the international agenda as a critical issue requiring the application of novel approaches, international cooperation and political will. Knowledge and understanding of the marine environment and data on marine biodiversity are all typically limited for the high seas, and the use of surrogates to assist in the identification of areas of high conservation value is one possible mechanism to address and potentially overcome these limitations. Drawing upon a database spanning more than 20 years and containing approximately 140 000 records of seabird sightings at sea, this study assesses the potential use of seabirds as surrogates for marine biodiversity in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. At-sea ranges, species diversity and the distributions of endangered species may be appropriate selectors or filters to identify areas with high conservation values. Integrating policy with science provides an appropriate mechanism to identify and prioritise MPAs in the Southern Ocean.

RELEASE OF NUTRIENTS FROM BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN OSAKA BAY, JAPAN IN 2015

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Masaki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Osaka Bay ◽  
The Core ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Sea Area

Osaka Bay is the most polluted enclosed sea area, in which is located the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. There are four kinds of sources on loadings of nutrients to Osaka Bay, which are land including rivers and industrial effluents beside coast, ocean sea water, release from bottom sediment to sea water, and wet and dry deposition from air. The pollutant loadings inflowing from the land to Osaka Bay have been cut by various policies since 1970’s. The concentrations of nutrients in the inner part of Osaka Bay have showed an obvious decreasing tendency. However, the water quality in offshore sea has not satisfied the environmental standard on nutrients. We investigated the amount of nutrients released from bottom sediments. The core samples were taken at two stations in the inner part of Osaka Bay once a month from February to November, 2015. The core incubation experiment in laboratory was conducted for 24 hours according to Tada et.al. The concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) were measured by an automatic analyzer. The flux showed similar range with the values investigated in 1986. The results suggested that the flux of nutrients from bottom sediments in the inner part of Osaka Bay has not decreased during summer season at least since 1985. Therefore, the contribution of release from bottom sediment on the nutrients budget would relatively become larger in inner part of Osaka Bay.

scholarly journals Assessing Organizational Information Visibility: Development and Validation of the Information Visibility Scale

2019 ◽  
pp. 009365021987709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claartje L. ter Hoeven ◽  
Cynthia Stohl ◽  
Paul Leonardi ◽  
Michael Stohl
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Scale Construction ◽  
The Core ◽  
Organizational Information ◽  
Common Observation ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Organizational Transparency ◽  
Practical Implications

A common observation in the digital age is that new technologies are making people’s behaviors, decisions, and preferences more visible. For scholars who study organizations and their effects upon society, increased information visibility raises the hope that organizations might become more transparent. Typically, we assume that increased information visibility will translate into high levels of organizational transparency, but we lack empirical evidence to support this assumption. Our ability to gather data on this important topic is limited because there have been few reliable ways to assess organizational information visibility. To remedy this problem, we develop and validate the Information Visibility Scale to measure the core aspects of information visibility. We then employ the scale to test the relationship between information visibility and transparency. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the scale and consider the limitations and further research possibilities that the scale construction and validation suggest.

Entrepreneurial selling in context

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-125
Author(s):  
Linden Dalecki
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Feedback ◽  
The Core ◽  
Four Quadrant ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide a general review of the existing academic and practitioner literatures, pertaining to entrepreneurial selling with a view to articulate major entrepreneurial selling practices, patterns and principles that lead to entrepreneurial success and to propose two four-quadrant matrices. Design/methodology/approach The paper explores commonalities and distinctions in the entrepreneurial selling concepts articulated by Deutsch and Wortmann and Onyemah and Rivera-Pesquera – and relevant writings by Blank as well as Sarasvathy – are explored and analyzed. Findings It was found that the early stage entrepreneurial selling activities of founders – as a means of gleaning prospective customer feedback for product prototyping – form the core of contemporary entrepreneurial selling conceptualizations. Two provisional four-quadrant entrepreneurial selling matrices are proposed corresponding to the literature reviewed. Research limitations/implications It is hoped that the two four-quadrant matrices might serve as a springboard for future researchers interested in exploring entrepreneurial selling. The notion of preliminary selling as a valuable form of marketing research is also worthy of future research. Practical implications Given the extent to which the perspectives of entrepreneurship practitioners, clinical professors and consultants are cited and explored, manifold aspects of entrepreneurial selling are put forth. The various approaches to preliminary selling that are explored are of especially high value to practitioners. Originality/value This is the first paper to fully explore the commonalities and distinctions across the entrepreneurial selling conceptualizations developed by Deutsch and Wortmann, as well as by Onyemah and Rivera-Pesquera, and the first to propose a conceptual framework focused specifically on entrepreneurial selling.

scholarly journals Responsible talent management: towards guiding principles

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-236
Author(s):  
Stephen Swailes
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Management Project ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis article addresses three concerns about the operationalization and possible effects of exclusive talent management; the core assumptions that underpin and shape talent practices, the problem of fair talent identification and potentially adverse employee reactions.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper that integrates empirical research on talent and talent management with ideas from business ethics.FindingsOrganizations should not simply assume that they meet the underlying assumptions of talent management. Where the assumptions can reasonably be shown to be valid, then a framework based on a set of principles is suggested to guide organizational approaches towards responsible talent management.Practical implicationsThe article provides talent practitioners with a set of principles, or at least some substantive suggestions, to be considered in the design of socially responsible talent management programmes and in programme evaluation.Social implicationsThe article provides guidance for organizations wishing to improve the care of their workforce in relation to strategies of employee differentiation based on performance and potential.Originality/valueDespite the burgeoning literature on talent management, the topic has not received much attention from an ethical and socially responsible viewpoint. This article adds to that literature and suggests further research particularly concerning the existence of real talent differences on which the entire talent management project is based.

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