RELEASE OF NUTRIENTS FROM BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN OSAKA BAY, JAPAN IN 2015

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Masaki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Osaka Bay ◽  
The Core ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Sea Area

Osaka Bay is the most polluted enclosed sea area, in which is located the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. There are four kinds of sources on loadings of nutrients to Osaka Bay, which are land including rivers and industrial effluents beside coast, ocean sea water, release from bottom sediment to sea water, and wet and dry deposition from air. The pollutant loadings inflowing from the land to Osaka Bay have been cut by various policies since 1970’s. The concentrations of nutrients in the inner part of Osaka Bay have showed an obvious decreasing tendency. However, the water quality in offshore sea has not satisfied the environmental standard on nutrients. We investigated the amount of nutrients released from bottom sediments. The core samples were taken at two stations in the inner part of Osaka Bay once a month from February to November, 2015. The core incubation experiment in laboratory was conducted for 24 hours according to Tada et.al. The concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) were measured by an automatic analyzer. The flux showed similar range with the values investigated in 1986. The results suggested that the flux of nutrients from bottom sediments in the inner part of Osaka Bay has not decreased during summer season at least since 1985. Therefore, the contribution of release from bottom sediment on the nutrients budget would relatively become larger in inner part of Osaka Bay.

RELEASE OF NUTRIENTS FROM BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN OSAKA BAY, JAPAN IN 2015

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Masaki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Osaka Bay ◽  
The Core ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Sea Area

Osaka Bay is the most polluted enclosed sea area, in which is located the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. There are four kinds of sources on loadings of nutrients to Osaka Bay, which are land including rivers and industrial effluents beside coast, ocean sea water, release from bottom sediment to sea water, and wet and dry deposition from air. The pollutant loadings inflowing from the land to Osaka Bay have been cut by various policies since 1970’s. The concentrations of nutrients in the inner part of Osaka Bay have showed an obvious decreasing tendency. However, the water quality in offshore sea has not satisfied the environmental standard on nutrients. We investigated the amount of nutrients released from bottom sediments. The core samples were taken at two stations in the inner part of Osaka Bay once a month from February to November, 2015. The core incubation experiment in laboratory was conducted for 24 hours according to Tada et.al. The concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) were measured by an automatic analyzer. The flux showed similar range with the values investigated in 1986. The results suggested that the flux of nutrients from bottom sediments in the inner part of Osaka Bay has not decreased during summer season at least since 1985. Therefore, the contribution of release from bottom sediment on the nutrients budget would relatively become larger in inner part of Osaka Bay.

scholarly journals New technology of coring for bottom soft sediments

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 875-880
Author(s):  
E. A. Konstantinov
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Valve Mechanism ◽  
Soft Sediments ◽  
The Core ◽  
New System ◽  
The Way

A new technology for coring of weakly consolidated sediment is proposed. The technology includes the original coring system and the way it is operated. The technology is based on a number of original solutions: 1) unification of the elements of the drill string, where household pipes made of PVC are used as a sampler and rods; 2) the use of the valve mechanism of a simple conical construction; 3) the method of vertical freezing of the core in open air. The coring system makes it possible to obtain the cores of the bottom sediment in winter from ice at a depth of up to 710 meters. Field tests have shown that the proposed system is inexpensive, easy to assemble and operate, but at the same time very effective and reliable. The new system can be as an alternative or complement to existing systems for coring of bottom sediments.

ANALYSIS OF ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD IN THE SYSTEM WATER-BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE BACH DANG ESTUARY (VIETNAM)

2017 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Truong Van Tuan ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
System Water ◽  
Water Bottom

Research was held in the estuary of the river Bach Dang (Dongbay community, Rakhtay district, Hai Phong, Vietnam) in June, 2012 - May, 2013. Concentration of lead was studied in water, suspended solids and bottom sediment. Clam beach (natural breeding environment of Meretrix lyrata ) was inspected regularly, every month. Water samples were taken 6 times from the bottom layer 10 cm down the bottom, once per 3 hours in each of 12 investigated zones. Bottom sediment samples were taken at the depth 2 cm. The findings show that lead accumulates mainly in suspended solids (23.3 mg/kg) and in bottom sediment (14.31 mg/kg), in water it is in small quantities (0.003 mg/kg). Analysis of bottom sediment samples taken in different places showed that they have even leadcontent, lead is distributed uniformly, localization of contaminations is not found. The results obtained can be assumed as the basis for investigating lead accumulation and its excretion by clam Meretrix lyrata organisms in the natural habitat.

scholarly journals Analysis of Spatial Variability of River Bottom Sediment Pollution with Heavy Metals and Assessment of Potential Ecological Hazard for the Warta River, Poland

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Joanna Jaskuła ◽  
Mariusz Sojka ◽  
Michał Fiedler ◽  
Rafał Wróżyński
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
Ecological Hazard ◽  
River Bottom

Pollution of river bottom sediments with heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a main environmental issue related to intensive anthropopressure on the water environment. In this context, the risk of harmful effects of the HMs presence in the bottom sediments of the Warta River, the third longest river in Poland, has been assessed. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the river bottom sediments collected at 24 sample collection stations along the whole river length have been measured and analyzed. Moreover, in the GIS environment, a method predicting variation of HMs concentrations along the whole river length, not at particular sites, has been proposed. Analysis of the Warta River bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals in terms of the indices: the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Metal Pollution Index (MPI), has proved that, in 2016, the pollution was heavier than in 2017. Assessment of the potential toxic effects of HMs accumulated in bottom sediments, made on the basis of Threshold Effect Concentration (TEC), Midpoint Effect Concentration (MEC), and Probable Effect Concentration (PEC) values, and the Toxic Risk Index (TRI), has shown that the ecological hazard in 2017 was much lower. Cluster analysis revealed two main groups of sample collection stations at which bottom sediments showed similar chemical properties. Changes in classification of particular sample collection stations into the two groups analyzed over a period of two subsequent years indicated that the main impact on the concentrations of HMs could have their point sources in urbanized areas and river fluvial process.

The distribution of lead, zinc, and chromium in fractions of bottom sediments in the Narew River and its tributaries

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Skorbiłowicz ◽  
Elżbieta Skorbiłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Lead Zinc

The distribution of lead, zinc, and chromium in fractions of bottom sediments in the Narew River and its tributariesThe purpose of the paper was to evaluate the distribution of lead, zinc and chromium contents in different grain fractions of bottom sediments in the Narew River and some of its tributaries. This study also aimed to determine which fractions are mostly responsible for bottom sediment pollution. The studies of the Narew and its tributaries (the Supraśl, Narewka, and Orlanka) were conducted in September 2005 in the upper Narew catchment area. The analyzed bottom sediments differed regarding grain size distribution. The studies revealed the influence of the percentage of particular grain fractions present on the accumulation of heavy metals in all bottom sediments.

Mercury in the Marine Environment: Concentration in Sea Water and in a Pelagic Food Chain

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Williams ◽  
H. V. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Mercury Concentration ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Single Station ◽  
Almost All

Mercury in seawater, in a pelagic food chain, and in bottom sediment was determined at a single station 430 km southeast of San Diego, California. The concentration of mercury in zooplankton slightly increased with depth of collection. The mercury content in almost all of the higher trophic levels of organisms collected at greater depths was indistinguishable from the concentration of mercury in zooplankton at these depths. Mercury concentration in the seawater column was essentially constant below 100 m and significantly higher at the surface. This vertical profile of mercury content is not ascribable to biological activity.

Features of designing underwater crossings of main pipelines under the conditions of riverbed and floodplain multi-branchness

2021 ◽  
pp. 378-387
Author(s):  
Виктор Михайлович Католиков ◽  
Дмитрий Борисович Казиакбаров ◽  
Андрей Андреевич Мальцев ◽  
Анна Олеговна Власова
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
Design And Construction

Многолетняя практика применения регламентных норм учета русловых процессов и механизма транспорта донных руслоформирующих наносов подтверждает надежность принятых расчетов для проектирования и строительства подводных переходов магистральных трубопроводов (ППМТ) через большинство средних и крупных рек России. Но для рек, «перегруженных» донными наносами, традиционные расчетные методики параметров подводной траншеи трубопровода с учетом заносимости оказываются недостаточными и требуют дополнительных решений. Данная проблема была выявлена при строительстве основной и резервной ниток ППМТ ВСТО-2 через реку Амур и обусловлена гидроморфологическими особенностями, спецификой водного режима и значительным расходом донных наносов, характерными для этого водного объекта. В настоящей статье представлена усовершенствованная технология разработки траншеи ППМТ путем создания так называемых ложных траншей на участках с максимальными удельными расходами донных наносов. На примере строительства ППМТ ВСТО-2 (резервная нитка через реку Амур) рассмотрены сложности проектирования и строительства трубопровода при значительных объемах транспорта донных наносов, проанализированы риски строительства в данных условиях, описаны планирование и реализация технического решения по созданию ложных траншей для перехвата донных наносов. The long-term practice of regulatory standards for recoding of river bed evolutions and the transport mechanism of bottom riverbed-building sediments proves reliability of the adopted calculations for design and construction of underwater crossings of main pipelines through majority of medium and large rivers of Russia. However, in respect of the rivers which are «overloaded» with bottom sediments, the conventional calculation methods of parameters of the underwater pipeline trench, considering sediment accumulation, are insufficient and require additional solutions. This problem was identified during construction of the underwater crossing of the ESPO-II pipeline system across the Amur River and is associated with hydromorphological features, specifics of the water regime and significant flow rate of bottom sediments typical for this water body. This article presents an improved technology for developing an underwater trench by establishment of so-called false trenches in the areas with maximum specific flowrate of bottom sediment. Based on the example of construction of the underwater crossing of the reserve pipeline leg, the difficulties related to design and construction of a pipeline with significant amount of bottom sediment transport are considered, risks of construction under these conditions are analyzed, planning and implementation of a technical solution for establishment of false trenches for intercepting bottom sediment are described.

scholarly journals O limite marítimo do estuário do Sado a partir de imagens satelitais

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (59/60) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugénia Albergaria Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Data Classification ◽  
Landsat Data ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Estuary Mouth ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Sado Estuary

SEA-SIDE LIMIT OF SADO ESTUARY IN LANDSAT IMAGERIES - The outside limit of Sado estuary corresponds to the submarine delta front, with an arcuate and digitate contour. It was individualised on the MSS Landsat data imageries. Multispectral data classification allowed to verify that the turbidity-plum of Sado estuary mouth rather corresponds to the low-sea-water surface associated to the brightness of the bottom sediments, that to the water turbidity content.

scholarly journals The study of the suitability for use in agriculture of sludge and hydrochemical indicators of water in the reservoirs of the fish farm LLC “Albashi”

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Natalya Yurina ◽  
Denis Yurin ◽  
Irina Astakhova ◽  
Tatyana Shcherbatova ◽  
Igor Shcherbatov
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Hydrochemical Regime ◽  
Bottom Deposits ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Reservoir Type

The study of suitability for the use in agriculture of sludge deposits and hydrochemical indices of water bodies of fish-growing enterprise of LLC “Albashi” were carried out. It is an enterprise engaged in breeding and growing pond fish and sturgeon in pools and gardens, crayfish, growing aquapon greens. Fresh water bodies of reservoir type LLC “Albashi” contain a large number of bottom deposits. The layer of sludge deposits on the bottom in places reaches the power of 2-5 meters, and the underground power is difficult. Bottom sediments were taken from a depth of 1.0-1.2 m from the surface. The hydrochemical regime of the studied water bodies fully corresponds to the cultivation of aquaculture objects and hydroponic plants. Sufficient suspended matter in water (8.2 mg/dm3). The complete absence of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, its metabolites and pesticides characterizes the products produced as environmentally safe. Consequently, bottom sediment site under study can be considered suitable for agricultural production.

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